61

我正在通过我使用 swift 创建的 API 进行 url 调用，如下所示：

class API {

  let apiEndPoint = "endpoint"
  let apiUrl:String!
  let consumerKey:String!
  let consumerSecret:String!

  var returnData = [:]

  init(){
    self.apiUrl = "https://myurl.com/"
    self.consumerKey = "my consumer key"
    self.consumerSecret = "my consumer secret"
  }

  func getOrders() -> NSDictionary{
    return makeCall("orders")
  }

  func makeCall(section:String) -> NSDictionary{

    let params = ["consumer_key":"key", "consumer_secret":"secret"]

    Alamofire.request(.GET, "\(self.apiUrl)/\(self.apiEndPoint + section)", parameters: params)
        .authenticate(user: self.consumerKey, password: self.consumerSecret)
        .responseJSON { (request, response, data, error) -> Void in
            println("error \(request)")
            self.returnData = data! as NSDictionary
    }
    return self.returnData
  }

}

我调用这个 APIUITableViewController来用 SwiftyJSON 库填充表格。但是我returnData来自 API 的总是空的。Alomofire 调用没有问题，因为我可以成功检索值。我的问题是我应该如何将它data转移到我的表格视图控制器？

var api = API()
api.getOrders()
println(api.returnData) // returnData is empty
4

5 回答 5

102

正如马特所指出的，Alamofire 通过“完成处理程序”模式异步返回数据，因此您必须这样做。您不能只return立即获得值，而是希望将方法更改为不返回任何内容，而是使用完成处理程序闭包模式。

如今，这可能看起来像：

func getOrders(completionHandler: @escaping (Result<[String: Any]>) -> Void) {
    performRequest("orders", completion: completionHandler)
}

func performRequest(_ section: String, completion: @escaping (Result<[String: Any]>) -> Void) {
    let url = baseURL.appendingPathComponent(section)
    let params = ["consumer_key": "key", "consumer_secret": "secret"]

    Alamofire.request(url, parameters: params)
        .authenticate(user: consumerKey, password: consumerSecret)
        .responseJSON { response in
            switch response.result {
            case .success(let value as [String: Any]):
                completion(.success(value))

            case .failure(let error):
                completion(.failure(error))

            default:
                fatalError("received non-dictionary JSON response")
            }
    }
}

然后，当你想调用它时，你可以使用这个completion闭包参数（如果你愿意，可以在尾随闭包中）：

api.getOrders { result in
    switch result {
    case .failure(let error):
        print(error)

    case .success(let value):
        // use `value` here
    }
}

// but don't try to use the `error` or `value`, as the above closure
// has not yet been called
//
于 2014-12-10T04:05:45.650 回答
13

来自 Alamofire README（强调添加）：

Alamofire 中的网络是异步完成的。异步编程可能会让不熟悉这个概念的程序员感到沮丧，但这样做有很好的理由。

不是阻止执行以等待来自服务器的响应，而是指定一个回调来处理收到的响应。请求的结果仅在响应处理程序的范围内可用。任何取决于从服务器接收到的响应或数据的执行都必须在处理程序中完成。

于 2014-12-09T23:41:19.837 回答
3

细节

xCode 9.1，斯威夫特 4

特征：

  • 易于阅读的代码
  • 准备好的模板（添加更多请求很容易）
  • 具有异步数据处理的嵌入式解决方案
  • 完整示例

样品 1

使用闭包返回数据

Data1.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson") { json, error  in
     print(error ?? "nil")
     print(json ?? "nil")
     print("Update views")
}

完整样本 1

数据类

import Alamofire

class Data1 {

    static fileprivate let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "requests.queue", qos: .utility)
    static fileprivate let mainQueue = DispatchQueue.main

    fileprivate class func make(request: DataRequest, closure: @escaping (_ json: [String: Any]?, _ error: Error?)->()) {
        request.responseJSON(queue: Data1.queue) { response in

            // print(response.request ?? "nil")  // original URL request
            // print(response.response ?? "nil") // HTTP URL response
            // print(response.data ?? "nil")     // server data
            //print(response.result ?? "nil")   // result of response serialization

            switch response.result {
            case .failure(let error):
                Data1.mainQueue.async {
                    closure(nil, error)
                }

            case .success(let data):
                Data1.mainQueue.async {
                    closure((data as? [String: Any]) ?? [:], nil)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    class func searchRequest(term: String, closure: @escaping (_ json: [String: Any]?, _ error: Error?)->()) {
        let request = Alamofire.request("https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=\(term.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+"))")
        Data1.make(request: request) { json, error in
            closure(json, error)
        }
    }
}

UIViewController

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

        Data1.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson") { json, error  in
            print(error ?? "nil")
            print(json ?? "nil")
            print("Update views")
        }
    }
}

样品 2

使用委托返回数据

// ....
var data = Data2()
data.delegate = self
data.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson")
// ....

extension ViewController: Data2Delegate {
    func searchRequest(response json: [String : Any]?, error: Error?) {
        print(error ?? "nil")
        print(json ?? "nil")
        print("Update views")
    }
}

完整样本 2

数据类

import Alamofire

protocol Data2Delegate: class {
    func searchRequest(response json: [String: Any]?, error: Error?)
}

class Data2 {

    fileprivate let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "requests.queue", qos: .utility)
    fileprivate let mainQueue = DispatchQueue.main

    weak var delegate: Data2Delegate?

    fileprivate func make(request: DataRequest, closure: @escaping (_ json: [String: Any]?, _ error: Error?)->()) {
        request.responseJSON(queue: queue) { response in

            // print(response.request ?? "nil")  // original URL request
            // print(response.response ?? "nil") // HTTP URL response
            // print(response.data ?? "nil")     // server data
            //print(response.result ?? "nil")   // result of response serialization

            switch response.result {
            case .failure(let error):
                self.mainQueue.async {
                    closure(nil, error)
                }

            case .success(let data):
                self.mainQueue.async {
                    closure((data as? [String: Any]) ?? [:], nil)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    func searchRequest(term: String) {
        let request = Alamofire.request("https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=\(term.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+"))")
        make(request: request) { json, error in
            self.delegate?.searchRequest(response: json, error: error)
        }
    }
}

UIViewController

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    private var data = Data2()
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

        data.delegate = self
        data.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson")
    }
}

extension ViewController: Data2Delegate {
    func searchRequest(response json: [String : Any]?, error: Error?) {
        print(error ?? "nil")
        print(json ?? "nil")
        print("Update views")
    }
}

样品 3

使用PromiseKit返回数据

_ = data.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson").then { response in
      print(response.error ?? "nil")
      print(response.json ?? "nil")
      print("Update views")
      return .void
}

完整样本 3

数据类导入 Alamofire 导入 PromiseKit

class Data3 {

    fileprivate let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "requests.queue", qos: .utility)
    fileprivate let mainQueue = DispatchQueue.main

    fileprivate func make(request: DataRequest) -> Promise<(json:[String: Any]?, error: Error?)> {
         return Promise { fulfill, reject in
            request.responseJSON(queue: queue) { response in

                // print(response.request ?? "nil")  // original URL request
                // print(response.response ?? "nil") // HTTP URL response
                // print(response.data ?? "nil")     // server data
                //print(response.result ?? "nil")   // result of response serialization

                switch response.result {
                    case .failure(let error):
                        self.mainQueue.async {
                            fulfill((nil, error))
                        }

                    case .success(let data):
                        self.mainQueue.async {
                            fulfill(((data as? [String: Any]) ?? [:], nil))
                        }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    func searchRequest(term: String) -> Promise<(json:[String: Any]?, error: Error?)> {
        let request = Alamofire.request("https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=\(term.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+"))")
        return make(request: request)
    }
}

extension AnyPromise {

    class var void: AnyPromise {
        return AnyPromise(Promise<Void>())
    }
}

UIViewController

import UIKit
import PromiseKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    private var data = Data3()
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

        _ = data.searchRequest(term: "jack johnson").then { response in
            print(response.error ?? "nil")
            print(response.json ?? "nil")
            print("Update views")
            return .void
        }
    }
}
于 2017-12-01T14:19:33.643 回答
3

以下是使用 Alamofire 和 Swift执行“登录操作”的完整流程。

Alamofire v3.3 Swift 2.2 Xcode 7.3

为了自己的方便，我使用了GCD和MBProgressHUD 。随心所欲地重构和使用:)

func loginBtnTapped(sender: AnyObject) {

    MBProgressHUD.showHUDAddedTo(self.view, animated: true)

    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0)) {

        let loginInfo : Dictionary<String,AnyObject> = ["email":"abc@g.com","password":"abc123"]

        self.loginUser(loginInfo) { responseObject, error in

            print("\(responseObject) \n  \(error) ")

            // Parsing JSON Below
            let status = Int(responseObject?.objectForKey("status") as! String)
            if status == 1 {
                // Login Successfull...Move To New VC
            }
            else {
                print(responseObject?.objectForKey("message"))! as! String)
            }
            return
        }
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
            MBProgressHUD.hideHUDForView(self.view, animated: true)
        }
    }

}


func loginUser(parameters:NSDictionary, completionHandler: (NSDictionary?, NSError?) -> ()) {

    self.postRequest("http://qa.company.com/project/index.php/user/login",
                     paramDict: parameters as? Dictionary<String, AnyObject>,
                     completionHandler: completionHandler)
}

func postRequest(urlString: String, paramDict:Dictionary<String, AnyObject>? = nil,
                 completionHandler: (NSDictionary?, NSError?) -> ()) {

    Alamofire.request(.POST, urlString, parameters: paramDict)
        .responseJSON { response in
            switch response.result {
            case .Success(let JSON):
                completionHandler(JSON as? NSDictionary, nil)
            case .Failure(let error):
                completionHandler(nil, error)
            }
    }

}
于 2016-04-08T14:20:49.623 回答
1

要使用 Swifty JSON 解析 json，我是这样做的。

对于@Jenita _Alice4Real

func uploadScans(parameters: [String: AnyObject], completionHandler: (AnyObject?, NSError?) -> ()) {
    makePostCall(CommonFunctions().getSaveSKUDataUrl(), parameters: parameters,completionHandler: completionHandler)
}

func makePostCall(url: String, parameters: [String: AnyObject], completionHandler: (AnyObject?, NSError?) -> ()) {
    Alamofire.request(.POST, url, parameters: parameters)
        .responseJSON { response in
            switch response.result {
                case .Success(let value):
                    completionHandler(value, nil)
                case .Failure(let error):
                    completionHandler(nil, error)
            }
    }
}

uploadScans(params) { responseObject, error in
    let json = JSON(responseObject!)
}
于 2016-10-13T05:09:20.940 回答