我正在尝试使用 python 构建一个简单的井字游戏，除了最后的视觉效果外，几乎现在就在那里：
当我单击它时，我需要能够修改画布上显示的 9 个方块中的任何一个。在堆栈上搜索了一堆示例......好吧......没有一个工作我使用字典来映射光标：
self.map = {(0, 0): 0, (0, 1): 1, (0, 2): 2, (1, 0): 3, (1, 1): 4, (1, 2) : 5, (2, 0): 6, (2, 1): 7,(2, 2): 8}
左上角的第一个正方形是 0 看起来这不起作用： id= self.canvas.create_rectangle() 对此不起作用。self.canvas.itemconfig(id,fill='bule')
我正在寻找一种有效的方法来访问填充或单击的正方形而不是其余部分。谢谢
我所有的代码都附在这里：
import tkinter
import random
class Game(object):
"""
Enter the class docstring here
"""
block_size = 100
def __init__(self, parent):
parent.title('Tic Tac Toe')
self.parent = parent
self.initialize_game()
def initialize_game(self):
# These are the initializations that need to happen
# at the beginning and after restarts
self.board = [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None] # game board as a instance variable
self.map = {(0, 0): 0, (0, 1): 1, (0, 2): 2, (1, 0): 3, (1, 1): 4, (1, 2): 5, (2, 0): 6, (2, 1): 7,
(2, 2): 8} # map to self.board
self.top_frame = tkinter.Frame(self.parent)
self.top_frame.pack(side=tkinter.TOP)
# add restart button on top frame
restart_button = tkinter.Button(self.top_frame, text='Restart', width=20,
command=self.restart)
restart_button.pack() # register restart_button with geometry manager
# create bottom frame for group the label below
self.bottom_frame=tkinter.Frame(self.parent)
self.bottom_frame.pack(side=tkinter.BOTTOM)
# create label for displaying game result text
self.my_lbl=tkinter.Label(self.bottom_frame,text=None)
self.my_lbl.pack()
# create a canvas to draw our board on the top frame
self.canvas = tkinter.Canvas(self.top_frame,
width=self.block_size * 3,
height=self.block_size * 3)
# draw 3x3 visible blocks on the canvas
for ro in range(3):
for col in range(3):
tag=self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.block_size * col,
self.block_size * ro,
self.block_size * (col + 1),
self.block_size * (ro + 1))
# bind entire canvas with left click handler (play function)
self.canvas.bind("<Button-1>", self.play)
self.canvas.pack() # register canvas with a geometry manager
def board_full(self):
if None not in self.board:
return True # true for full
else:
return False # false for not full
def possible_moves(self):
"""return: list of possible moves"""
possible_moves = [] # list for possible moves
for i in range(0, 9):
if self.board[i] is None: # if cell un-taken
possible_moves.append(i) # append the cell number to list
else:
pass # cell taken, don't append
return possible_moves # return list of possible moves
def pc_move(self):
m = True
while m:
pc_move = random.randint(0, 8) # random generate a number from 0 to 8
if pc_move in self.possible_moves(): # if the number is a possible move
self.board[pc_move] = 'O' # do it
m = False # exit loop
else: # not a possible movie
continue # re-do
return self
def draw_out(self):
"""to be deleted"""
print(self.board[0:3])
print(self.board[3:6])
print(self.board[6:9])
def play(self, event): # This method is invoked when the user clicks on a square.
"""
when the player clicks on a un-taken square, this method first translate cursor into cell number,
then update game board and check game result based on condition
:parameter: click
:return: updated game object
"""
print('clicked', event.y, event.x) # to be deleted
# after the click: part 1 human play first
my_move = self.map[(event.y // self.block_size, event.x // self.block_size)] # map cursor
if self.board[my_move] is None: # check if cell is empty
self.board[my_move] = 'X' # if cell empty mark X for my play, PC use O
#self.canvas.itemconfigure(fill='blue')
# self.draw_out() # delete this line later
else: # if the cell taken, do nothing until click on empty square
return None
#check game result and board full:
if (self.board_full()is True) or(
self.check_game()is not None):
self.canvas.unbind("<Button-1>") # when win, lost, tie occur,disable handler
print(self.check_game()) # DEBUGGING DELETE
else:
pass
# part 2: while not filled, PC make one move right after my move:
self.possible_moves() # check possible moves for PC
self.pc_move() # pc make move
self.draw_out() # DELETE LATER
# part3: check game result and board full
if (self.board_full()is True) or(
self.check_game()is not None):
self.canvas.unbind("<Button-1>") # when win, lost, tie occur,disable handler
print(self.check_game()) # DEBUGGING DELETE
else:
pass
return self # when board is filled, return
def check_game(self):
"""
Check if the game is won or lost or a tie
Return: win, lose, tie, none
"""
result=None
if (self.board[0] == self.board[1] == self.board[2] == 'X') or (
self.board[3] == self.board[4] == self.board[5] == 'X') or (
self.board[6] == self.board[7] == self.board[8] == 'X') or (
self.board[0] == self.board[3] == self.board[6] == 'X') or (
self.board[1] == self.board[4] == self.board[7] == 'X') or (
self.board[2] == self.board[5] == self.board[8] == 'X') or (
self.board[0] == self.board[4] == self.board[8] == 'X') or (
self.board[2] == self.board[4] == self.board[6] == 'X'):
result = 'You win!' # player win
self.my_lbl.config(text=result)
elif (self.board[0] == self.board[1] == self.board[2] == 'O') or (
self.board[3] == self.board[4] == self.board[5] == 'O') or (
self.board[6] == self.board[7] == self.board[8] == 'O') or (
self.board[0] == self.board[3] == self.board[6] == 'O') or (
self.board[1] == self.board[4] == self.board[7] == 'O') or (
self.board[2] == self.board[5] == self.board[8] == 'O') or (
self.board[0] == self.board[4] == self.board[8] == 'O') or (
self.board[2] == self.board[4] == self.board[6] == 'O'):
result = 'You lost!' # player lose
self.my_lbl.config(text=result)
else:
if self.board_full()is True:
result = "It's a tie!" # tie
self.my_lbl.config(text=result)
else:
pass
return result
def restart(self):
""" Reinitialize the game and board after restart button is pressed """
self.top_frame.destroy()
self.bottom_frame.destroy()
self.initialize_game()
def main():
root = tkinter.Tk() # Instantiate a root window
my_game = Game(root) # Instantiate a Game object
root.mainloop() # Enter the main event loop
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()