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以我在 python 中分析字符串方法的方式,以便我可以使用最快的方法。我有这段代码来测试文件、StringIO、StringIO 和普通字符串中的字符串连接。

#!/usr/bin/env python
#title           : pythonTiming.py
#description     : Will be used to test timing function in python
#author          : myusuf
#date            : 19-11-2014
#version         : 0
#usage           :python pythonTiming.py
#notes           :
#python_version  :2.6.6  
#==============================================================================

import time
import cStringIO
import StringIO

class Timer(object):

    def __enter__(self):
        self.start = time.time()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.end = time.time()
        self.interval = self.end - self.start

testbuf = """ Hello This is a General String that will be repreated
This string will be written to a file , StringIO and a sregualr strin then see the best to handle string according to time 

""" * 1000

MyFile = open("./testfile.txt" ,"wb+")
MyStr  = ''
MyStrIo = StringIO.StringIO()
MycStrIo = cStringIO.StringIO()

def strWithFiles():
    global MyFile
    print "writing string to file "
    for index in range(1000):
        MyFile.write(testbuf) 
    pass

def strWithStringIO():
    global MyStrIo
    print "writing string to StrinIO "
    for index in range(1000):
        MyStrIo.write(testbuf)

def strWithStr():
    global MyStr
    print "Writing String to STR "
    for index in range(500):
        MyStr =  MyStr +  testbuf

def strWithCstr():
    global MycStrIo
    print "writing String to Cstring"
    for index in range(1000):
        MycStrIo.write(testbuf)

with Timer() as t:
    strWithFiles()
print('##Request took %.03f sec.' % t.interval)

with Timer() as t:                                                                                
    strWithStringIO()
print('###Request took %.03f sec.' % t.interval)  

with Timer() as t:                                                                                
    strWithCstr()
print('####Request took %.03f sec.' % t.interval)  

with Timer() as t:
    read1 = 'x' + MyFile.read(-1)
print('file read ##Request took %.03f sec.' % t.interval)

with Timer() as t:
    read2 = 'x' + MyStrIo.read(-1)
print('stringIo read ###Request took %.03f sec.' % t.interval)

with Timer() as t:
    read3 = 'x' + MycStrIo.read(-1)
print('CString read ####Request took %.03f sec.' % t.interval)




MyFile.close()
  1. 虽然 Python 文档站点说它cStringIO比它快,StringIO但结果表明它StringIO在连接中具有更好的性能,为什么?

  2. 另一方面是,读取cStringIOStringIO(它的行为类似于文件)更快,因为我读取文件的实现并且cStringIO在 C 中,那么为什么字符串连接很慢?

  3. 有没有其他方法可以比这些方法更快地处理字符串?

4

1 回答 1

13

性能更好的原因StringIO是在幕后它只是保留了所有已写入字符串的列表,并且仅在必要时将它们组合起来。因此,写入操作就像将对象附加到列表一样简单。但是,该cStringIO模块没有这种奢侈,必须将每个字符串的数据复制到其缓冲区中,并在必要时调整其缓冲区的大小(这在写入大量数据时会产生大量冗余的数据复制)。

由于您正在编写许多较大的字符串,这意味着StringIOcStringIO. 从StringIO您写入的对象中读取时,它可以通过计算写入它的字符串长度的总和来优化所需的复制量,并预先分配该大小的缓冲区。

但是,StringIO这并不是加入一系列字符串的最快方式。这是因为它提供了额外的功能(寻找缓冲区的不同部分并在那里写入数据)。如果不需要此功能,您只需将列表字符串连接在一起,那么str.join这是最快的方法。

joined_string = "".join(testbuf for index in range(1000))
# or building the list of strings to join separately
strings = []
for i in range(1000):
    strings.append(testbuf)
joined_string = "".join(strings)
于 2015-02-20T22:19:22.850 回答