在我看来,你在问题中的例子是过度设计。由于涉及的乘法和加法的剪切数量,您的方法最终会比正常的长乘法更慢。当您一次可以乘以大约 9 时,不要限制自己一次只使用一个基数!将base10字符串转换为hugeval,然后对其进行操作。不要直接对字符串进行操作。你会发疯的。这是一些演示加法和乘法的代码。更改M
为使用更大的类型。你也可以使用 std::vector,但是你会错过一些优化。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <iomanip>
#ifdef _DEBUG
#include <assert.h>
#define ASSERT(x) assert(x)
#else
#define ASSERT(x)
#endif
namespace Arithmetic
{
const int M = 64;
const int B = (M-1)*32;
struct Flags
{
Flags() : C(false),Z(false),V(false),N(false){}
void Clear()
{
C = false;
Z = false;
V = false;
N = false;
}
bool C,Z,V,N;
};
static unsigned int hvAdd(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, Flags& f)
{
unsigned int c;
f.Clear();
//b = -(signed)b;
c = a + b;
f.N = (c >> 31UL) & 0x1;
f.C = (c < a) && (c < b);
f.Z = !c;
f.V = (((signed)a < (signed)b) != f.N);
return c;
}
static unsigned int hvSub(unsigned int a, unsigned int b, Flags& f)
{
unsigned int c;
f.Clear();
c = a - b;
//f.N = ((signed)c < 0);
f.N = (c >> 31UL) & 0x1;
f.C = (c < a) && (c < b);
f.Z = !c;
f.V = (((signed)a < (signed)b) != f.N);
return c;
}
struct HugeVal
{
HugeVal()
{
std::fill(part, part + M, 0);
}
HugeVal(const HugeVal& h)
{
std::copy(h.part, h.part + M, part);
}
HugeVal(const std::string& str)
{
Flags f;
unsigned int tmp = 0;
std::fill(part, part + M, 0);
for(unsigned int i=0; i < str.length(); ++i){
unsigned int digit = (unsigned int)str[i] - 48UL;
unsigned int carry_last = 0;
unsigned int carry_next = 0;
for(int i=0; i<M; ++i){
tmp = part[i]; //the value *before* the carry add
part[i] = hvAdd(part[i], carry_last, f);
carry_last = 0;
if(f.C)
++carry_last;
for(int j=1; j<10; ++j){
part[i] = hvAdd(part[i], tmp, f);
if(f.C)
++carry_last;
}
}
part[0] = hvAdd(part[0], digit, f);
int index = 1;
while(f.C && index < M){
part[index] = hvAdd(part[index], 1, f);
++index;
}
}
}
/*
HugeVal operator= (const HugeVal& h)
{
*this = HugeVal(h);
}
*/
HugeVal operator+ (const HugeVal& h) const
{
HugeVal tmp;
Flags f;
int index = 0;
unsigned int carry_last = 0;
for(int j=0; j<M; ++j){
if(carry_last){
tmp.part[j] = hvAdd(tmp.part[j], carry_last, f);
carry_last = 0;
}
tmp.part[j] = hvAdd(tmp.part[j], part[j], f);
if(f.C)
++carry_last;
tmp.part[j] = hvAdd(tmp.part[j], h.part[j], f);
if(f.C)
++carry_last;
}
return tmp;
}
HugeVal operator* (const HugeVal& h) const
{
HugeVal tmp;
for(int j=0; j<M; ++j){
unsigned int carry_next = 0;
for(int i=0;i<M; ++i){
Flags f;
unsigned int accum1 = 0;
unsigned int accum2 = 0;
unsigned int accum3 = 0;
unsigned int accum4 = 0;
/* Split into 16-bit values */
unsigned int j_LO = part[j]&0xFFFF;
unsigned int j_HI = part[j]>>16;
unsigned int i_LO = h.part[i]&0xFFFF;
unsigned int i_HI = h.part[i]>>16;
size_t index = i+j;
size_t index2 = index+1;
/* These multiplications are safe now. Can't overflow */
accum1 = j_LO * i_LO;
accum2 = j_LO * i_HI;
accum3 = j_HI * i_LO;
accum4 = j_HI * i_HI;
if(carry_next){ //carry from last iteration
accum1 = hvAdd(accum1, carry_next, f); //add to LSB
carry_next = 0;
if(f.C) //LSB produced carry
++carry_next;
}
/* Add the lower 16-bit parts of accum2 and accum3 to accum1 */
accum1 = hvAdd(accum1, (accum2 << 16), f);
if(f.C)
++carry_next;
accum1 = hvAdd(accum1, (accum3 << 16), f);
if(f.C)
++carry_next;
if(carry_next){ //carry from LSB
accum4 = hvAdd(accum4, carry_next, f); //add to MSB
carry_next = 0;
ASSERT(f.C == false);
}
/* Add the higher 16-bit parts of accum2 and accum3 to accum4 */
/* Can't overflow */
accum4 = hvAdd(accum4, (accum2 >> 16), f);
ASSERT(f.C == false);
accum4 = hvAdd(accum4, (accum3 >> 16), f);
ASSERT(f.C == false);
if(index < M){
tmp.part[index] = hvAdd(tmp.part[index], accum1, f);
if(f.C)
++carry_next;
}
carry_next += accum4;
}
}
return tmp;
}
void Print() const
{
for(int i=(M-1); i>=0; --i){
printf("%.8X", part[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
unsigned int part[M];
};
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
std::string a1("273847238974823947823941");
std::string a2("324230432432895745949");
Arithmetic::HugeVal a = a1;
Arithmetic::HugeVal b = a2;
Arithmetic::HugeVal d = a + b;
Arithmetic::HugeVal e = a * b;
a.Print();
b.Print();
d.Print();
e.Print();
system("pause");
}