我正在尝试使用 AES/GCM/NoPadding 加密和解密数据。我安装了 JCE Unlimited Strength Policy Files 并运行了下面的（简单的）基准测试。我使用 OpenSSL 完成了相同的操作，并且能够在我的 PC 上实现超过1 GB/s 的加密和解密。
通过下面的基准测试，我只能在同一台 PC 上使用 Java 8获得3 MB/s 的加密和解密。知道我做错了什么吗？
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
final byte[] data = new byte[64 * 1024];
final byte[] encrypted = new byte[64 * 1024];
final byte[] key = new byte[32];
final byte[] iv = new byte[12];
final Random random = new Random(1);
random.nextBytes(data);
random.nextBytes(key);
random.nextBytes(iv);
System.out.println("Benchmarking AES-256 GCM encryption for 10 seconds");
long javaEncryptInputBytes = 0;
long javaEncryptStartTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
final Cipher javaAES256 = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
byte[] tag = new byte[16];
long encryptInitTime = 0L;
long encryptUpdate1Time = 0L;
long encryptDoFinalTime = 0L;
while (System.currentTimeMillis() - javaEncryptStartTime < 10000) {
random.nextBytes(iv);
long n1 = System.nanoTime();
javaAES256.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES"), new GCMParameterSpec(16 * Byte.SIZE, iv));
long n2 = System.nanoTime();
javaAES256.update(data, 0, data.length, encrypted, 0);
long n3 = System.nanoTime();
javaAES256.doFinal(tag, 0);
long n4 = System.nanoTime();
javaEncryptInputBytes += data.length;
encryptInitTime = n2 - n1;
encryptUpdate1Time = n3 - n2;
encryptDoFinalTime = n4 - n3;
}
long javaEncryptEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Time init (ns): " + encryptInitTime);
System.out.println("Time update (ns): " + encryptUpdate1Time);
System.out.println("Time do final (ns): " + encryptDoFinalTime);
System.out.println("Java calculated at " + (javaEncryptInputBytes / 1024 / 1024 / ((javaEncryptEndTime - javaEncryptStartTime) / 1000)) + " MB/s");
System.out.println("Benchmarking AES-256 GCM decryption for 10 seconds");
long javaDecryptInputBytes = 0;
long javaDecryptStartTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
final GCMParameterSpec gcmParameterSpec = new GCMParameterSpec(16 * Byte.SIZE, iv);
final SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
long decryptInitTime = 0L;
long decryptUpdate1Time = 0L;
long decryptUpdate2Time = 0L;
long decryptDoFinalTime = 0L;
while (System.currentTimeMillis() - javaDecryptStartTime < 10000) {
long n1 = System.nanoTime();
javaAES256.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keySpec, gcmParameterSpec);
long n2 = System.nanoTime();
int offset = javaAES256.update(encrypted, 0, encrypted.length, data, 0);
long n3 = System.nanoTime();
javaAES256.update(tag, 0, tag.length, data, offset);
long n4 = System.nanoTime();
javaAES256.doFinal(data, offset);
long n5 = System.nanoTime();
javaDecryptInputBytes += data.length;
decryptInitTime += n2 - n1;
decryptUpdate1Time += n3 - n2;
decryptUpdate2Time += n4 - n3;
decryptDoFinalTime += n5 - n4;
}
long javaDecryptEndTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Time init (ns): " + decryptInitTime);
System.out.println("Time update 1 (ns): " + decryptUpdate1Time);
System.out.println("Time update 2 (ns): " + decryptUpdate2Time);
System.out.println("Time do final (ns): " + decryptDoFinalTime);
System.out.println("Total bytes processed: " + javaDecryptInputBytes);
System.out.println("Java calculated at " + (javaDecryptInputBytes / 1024 / 1024 / ((javaDecryptEndTime - javaDecryptStartTime) / 1000)) + " MB/s");
}
编辑： 我把它作为一个有趣的练习来改进这个简单的基准。
我已经使用 ServerVM 进行了更多测试，删除了 nanoTime 调用并引入了预热，但正如我预期的那样，这些都没有对基准测试结果有任何改进。它是扁平的，每秒3兆字节。