sql - Postgres 列不存在

Question

其他人编写了一个有效的 SQL Server 查询，我负责将其移植到 Postgres。

除了非常基本的 SQL 命令之外，我真的不了解这两个数据库（我正在按照教程的方式进行操作，并将继续以任何一种方式进行，但我希望尽快解决这个问题）。

无论如何，我在第 4 行遇到了错误，

错误：timeloggedtoday.date_logged 列不存在

我认为这来自第 89 行附近的部分（标有 **），但我无法弄清楚语法应该是什么——我尝试从文档中复制 WITH/AS 部分，但要么我是仍然犯错误或错误在其他地方。下面可能有很多重复/无关的代码，但我认为最好将它们全部包含在内，因为当我更改为 Postgres 语法时，很容易引入其他错误。

编辑：

如果我删除有问题的部分，错误将更改为

错误：列 timelogged1daysago.date_logged 不存在

这是下一批类似的代码，让我相信我在命名我的临时表时犯了一些语法错误（正确的术语？）但我看不出有什么问题，而且很难在文档中找到相关部分......毫不奇怪，谷歌搜索“With”或“As”毫无帮助。

SELECT users.author,
       users.display_name,
       timeloggedToday.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_TODAY",
       timeloggedToday.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_TODAY",
       timeloggedToday.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_TODAY",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timeloggedToday.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timeloggedToday.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_TODAY",
       timelogged1daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_1DAYSAGO",
       timelogged1daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_1DAYSAGO",
       timelogged1daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_1DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged1daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged1daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_1DAYSAGO",
       timelogged2daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_2DAYSAGO",
       timelogged2daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_2DAYSAGO",
       timelogged2daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_2DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged2daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged2daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_2DAYSAGO",
       timelogged3daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_3DAYSAGO",
       timelogged3daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_3DAYSAGO",
       timelogged3daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_3DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged3daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged3daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_3DAYSAGO",
       timelogged4daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_4DAYSAGO",
       timelogged4daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_4DAYSAGO",
       timelogged4daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_4DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged4daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged4daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_4DAYSAGO",
       timelogged5daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_5DAYSAGO",
       timelogged5daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_5DAYSAGO",
       timelogged5daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_5DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged5daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged5daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_5DAYSAGO",
       timelogged6daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_6DAYSAGO",
       timelogged6daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_6DAYSAGO",
       timelogged6daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_6DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged6daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged6daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_6DAYSAGO",
       timelogged7daysago.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_7DAYSAGO",
       timelogged7daysago.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_7DAYSAGO",
       timelogged7daysago.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_7DAYSAGO",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timelogged7daysago.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timelogged7daysago.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_7DAYSAGO",
       lastReportedTime.last_time_logged
FROM
  (SELECT lower_child_name AS "author",
          cwd_user.display_name
   FROM cwd_membership
   LEFT JOIN cwd_user ON (cwd_membership.lower_child_name = cwd_user.user_name
                          AND cwd_user.directory_id = cwd_membership.directory_id)
   WHERE lower_parent_name = 'jira-developers'
     AND cwd_membership.directory_id = 10100) users
**LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '0 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timeloggedToday ON timeloggedToday.lower_user_name = users.author**
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-1 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged1daysago ON timelogged1daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-2 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged2daysago ON timelogged2daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-3 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged3daysago ON timelogged3daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-4 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged4daysago ON timelogged4daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-5 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged5daysago ON timelogged5daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-6 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged6daysago ON timelogged6daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '-7 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timelogged7daysago ON timelogged7daysago.lower_user_name = users.author
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          Max(startdate) AS "last_time_logged"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name) lastReportedTime ON lastReportedTime.lower_user_name = users.author

编辑：更简单的查询

我想我已经编辑了一些无关的东西，希望能找到这个错误。无论如何，这个较短的查询至少给了我同样的错误，所以这可能更容易帮助我调试：

SELECT users.author,
       users.display_name,
       timeloggedToday.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_TODAY",
       timeloggedToday.time_in_hours "TIME_IN_HOURS_TODAY",
       timeloggedToday.difference_days "DIFFERENCE_DAYS_TODAY",
       CASE
           WHEN Ifnull(timeloggedToday.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
           WHEN timeloggedToday.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time'
           ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
       END "STATUS_TODAY",
       lastReportedTime.last_time_logged
FROM
  (SELECT lower_child_name AS "author",
          cwd_user.display_name
   FROM cwd_membership
   LEFT JOIN cwd_user ON (cwd_membership.lower_child_name = cwd_user.user_name
                          AND cwd_user.directory_id = cwd_membership.directory_id)
   WHERE lower_parent_name = 'jira-developers'
     AND cwd_membership.directory_id = 10100) users
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
     AND startdate - Now() = INTERVAL '0 days'
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now()),
            worklog.startdate
   ORDER BY app_user.lower_user_name,
            to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d'),
            Date(Now())) timeloggedToday ON timeloggedToday.lower_user_name = users.author

LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          Max(startdate) AS "last_time_logged"
   FROM worklog
   LEFT JOIN app_user ON worklog.author = app_user.user_key
   GROUP BY app_user.lower_user_name) lastReportedTime ON lastReportedTime.lower_user_name = users.author

Answer 1

已编辑：引用的大写字母正在破坏查询。在下面第二个失败的输出中，您可以看到 Postgres 不喜欢大写。"除非你强制使用引号，否则它有将所有内容小写的习惯。

--fails
select a
from
(select 1 as "A") as t;

--fails
select A
from
(select 1 as "A") as t;

--works
select "A"
from
(select 1 as "A") as t;

psql:new.sql:5: ERROR:  column "a" does not exist
LINE 1: select a
               ^
psql:new.sql:10: ERROR:  column "a" does not exist
LINE 1: select A
               ^
 A 
───
 1
(1 row)


select ...
timeloggedToday.date_logged "DATE_LOGGED_TODAY",
-- should be: timeloggedToday."DATE_LOGGED" "DATE_LOGGED_TODAY",

...

LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT app_user.lower_user_name,
          to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d') AS "DATE_LOGGED",
          Sum(timeworked) / 3600 "TIME_IN_HOURS",
          startdate - Now() "DIFFERENCE_DAYS"
   ...
  ) timeloggedToday ON timeloggedToday.lower_user_name = users.author;

我会考虑摆脱大写和引号。只会让人头疼。作为旁注，您可以通过以下方式编写一次左连接：

-- instead of enumerating each possible interval  
WHERE to_char(Now() - INTERVAL '8 days', '%Y-%m-%d') < to_char(startdate, '%Y-%m-%d')
-- select the interval
now()::date - start_date as diff
-- then build up your columns like:
case(case when diff=0 then date_logged else null end) as date_logged_today
case(case when diff=1 then date_logged else null end) as date_logged_yesterday
-- and so on ...

你也可以做

CASE
   WHEN Ifnull(timeloggedToday.time_in_hours, 0) = 0 THEN 'No Time Logged'
   WHEN timeloggedToday.time_in_hours < 3.0 THEN 'User has not logged sufficient time' 
   ELSE 'user has logged sufficient time'
 END "STATUS_TODAY",

变成一个函数来摆脱繁琐的冗余。