Maybe using an HTML hidden field will solve your problem, it will not prevent them from being submitted but they will not update your JSF backing beans.
<input type="hidden" value="#{yourBean.value}" />
This input can be used as usual via JavaScript, you can also assign directly the bean value to a js variable on your page.
As per your comment, i've updated my suggestion. Your can also use a JS table that will hold all your table values just add on each row some JS as shown below:
<script>table['#{yourBean.someId}'] = '#{yourBean.value}';</script>
dont forget to declare the js table variable outside your datatable.