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我正在尝试使用 Python 2.7.8 在 CentOS 6.5 上安装 matplotlib-1.4.0。我试过用 pip 和从源代码安装。我最初收到一条错误消息，指出我需要更新版本的 Freetype2，然后我将其（版本 2.5.3）安装到 /usr/local/bin、/usr/local/include 和 /usr/local/lib。Freetype2 (2.3.11) 的旧版本位于 /usr/bin、/usr/include/freetype2/freetype 和 /usr/lib 中。

现在，当我尝试安装 matplotlib（python setup.py build）时，看起来包含路径都指向错误（旧）版本的 Freetype2，我不知道如何更改适当的路径以指向新版本Freetype2 的版本。实际的错误消息如下，并且非常混乱。我在网上找不到太多关于他的错误的信息，但我可以看到错误的 Freetype2 路径，所以我猜这就是导致问题的原因。有小费吗？

在其他线程上找到了有关添加 /usr/include/freetype 符号链接以指向 /usr/local/include/freetype2 的提示，但这没有帮助。

building 'matplotlib.ft2font' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -m64 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mtune=generic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -Iextern -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7 -c src/ft2font.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/ft2font.o
In file included from /usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/ndarraytypes.h:1761:0,
                 from /usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/ndarrayobject.h:17,
                 from src/file_compat.h:7,
                 from src/ft2font.cpp:7:
/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/npy_1_7_deprecated_api.h:15:2: warning: #warning "Using deprecated NumPy API, disable it by " "#defining NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_1_7_API_VERSION" [-Wcpp]
In file included from src/ft2font.cpp:7:0:
src/file_compat.h:31:0: warning: "npy_fseek" redefined [enabled by default]
/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/npy_common.h:86:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
src/file_compat.h:32:0: warning: "npy_ftell" redefined [enabled by default]
/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include/numpy/npy_common.h:91:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
src/ft2font.cpp: In member function ‘Py::Object FT2Image::py_write_bitmap(const Py::Tuple&)’:
src/ft2font.cpp:184:15: warning: unused variable ‘offset’ [-Wunused-variable]
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -m64 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mtune=generic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -Iextern -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7 -c src/mplutils.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/mplutils.o
In file included from /usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7/Python.h:8:0,
                 from src/mplutils.h:18,
                 from src/mplutils.cpp:6:
/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h:1182:0: warning: "_POSIX_C_SOURCE" redefined [enabled by default]
/usr/include/features.h:162:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h:1204:0: warning: "_XOPEN_SOURCE" redefined [enabled by default]
/usr/include/features.h:164:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -m64 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mtune=generic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -Iextern -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7 -c extern/CXX/cxxsupport.cxx -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxxsupport.o
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -m64 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mtune=generic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -Iextern -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7 -c extern/CXX/cxx_extensions.cxx -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxx_extensions.o
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -m64 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mtune=generic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -Iextern -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7 -c extern/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.cxx -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -m64 -mfpmath=sse -msse2 -mtune=generic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -fPIC -DPY_ARRAY_UNIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib_ft2font_ARRAY_API -DPYCXX_ISO_CPP_LIB=1 -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include -I. -Iextern -I/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/include/python2.7 -c extern/CXX/cxxextensions.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxxextensions.o
g++ -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/ft2font.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/mplutils.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxxsupport.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxx_extensions.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxxextensions.o -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib64 -L/usr/lib -L/usr/lib64 -L/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib -lfreetype -lstdc++ -lm -lpython2.7 -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/matplotlib/ft2font.so
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/local/lib/libpython2.7.a(abstract.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S against `_Py_NotImplementedStruct' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/local/lib/libpython2.7.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
error: command 'g++' failed with exit status 1
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4 回答 4

1

虽然我使用的是 python-2.6，但我只是通过完全相同的 freetype 错误找到了一种方法：基本上你可以简单地下载 matplotlib python 存档并将 freetype-2.4 的要求编辑为 freetype-2.3。这一切都是在 virtualenv 中自然完成的。

  1. 获取当前最新 matplotlib 的副本

    点安装--下载。matplotlib==1.4.0

  2. 解压结果 tar -xzvf matplotlib-1.4.0.tar.gz

  3. 将 freetype 的明确要求从 2.4 编辑到 2.3（第 945 行）

    vi matplotlib-1.4.0/setupext.py

    min_version='2.4'，版本=版本）

  4. 重新创建档案

    tar -czvf matplotlib-1.4.0.tar.gz

  5. 安装要求

    点安装 numpy

    pip install geojson==1.0.6

  6. 安装修改后的本地存档，并观察它的编译情况

    pip install --verbose matplotlib-1.4.0.tar.gz

于 2014-09-15T02:54:53.630 回答
1

我终于有时间回到这个，它与 Freetype 无关。问题是在构建过程中选择了错误的 libpython2.7 版本。具体在这一行：

g++ -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/ft2font.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/mplutils.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxxsupport.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxx_extensions.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/extern/CXX/cxxextensions.o -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib64 -L/usr/lib -L/usr/lib64 -L/usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib -lfreetype -lstdc++ -lm -lpython2.7 -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/matplotlib/ft2font.so

第一个 -L 目录是 /usr/local/lib，它包含的 python 库 (libpython2.7.a) 版本与我应该编译的版本不同。我暂时移动了这个文件，然后构建成功（它在 /usr/local/python2/2.7.8/x86_64/gcc46/nonet/lib 中找到了正确的版本）。

我不确定 /usr/local/lib 中的 python 库来自哪里。如果它是系统版本，那么这可能被认为是 matplotlib 构建脚本中的错误。

于 2015-01-08T23:37:41.847 回答
0

从源代码编译 matplotlib-1.4.3 时，我也遇到了这个问题。在这个错误之后，我只是export LDFLAGS="/home/ubuntu/softwares/python-2.7.11/lib"，然后python setup.py install。错误消失了，我可以成功安装 matplotlib。

于 2016-05-16T03:47:45.260 回答
0

如果你想在CentOS 6上安装与Python 2.6matplotlib兼容的最新版本（我写这篇文章时是 6.9），我就是这样做的。

记录为root，键入：

sudo yum install -y epel-release
sudo yum install -y python-pip
sudo yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ python-argparse python-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install numpy==1.11.3  # latest version working with Python 2.6
pip install --upgrade distribute  # required by matplotlib 1.4
pip install -I setuptools  # "distribute" installation will remove setuptools, so we need to reinstall it
pip install matplotlib==1.4.3  # latest version working with Python 2.6
于 2017-04-19T12:56:53.153 回答