1

说我有路gui/site/junior/profile.py

我如何得到这个?:

gui
gui/site
gui/site/junior

如果您告诉我如何遍历每条路径,则可以奖励:D

4

4 回答 4

2

您可以使用 shell 的内置拆分工具。IFS指定要拆分的内容。

oldIFS=$IFS
IFS=/
set -f
set -- $path
set +f
IFS=$oldIFS
for component in "$@"; do
    echo "$component"
done

这可以通过多种方式进行重构,但我希望更改IFS为仅管理实际拆分。

set将字符串拆分为位置参数的用法有点晦涩,但值得了解。

如果它最初是未设置的,您应该适当地注意取消IFS设置,但我对此有所了解。

于 2014-08-22T13:41:29.513 回答
2

一个破折号的答案:

path="gui/site with spaces/junior/profile.py"
oldIFS=$IFS
IFS=/
set -- $(dirname "$path")
IFS=$oldIFS
accumulated=""
for dir in "$@"; do 
  accumulated="${accumulated}${dir}/"
  echo "$accumulated"
done
gui/
gui/site with spaces/
gui/site with spaces/junior/
于 2014-08-22T13:43:57.197 回答
2

您可以使用 awk 循环:

awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="/"}
     {  for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
           for (j=1; j<i; j++)
              printf "%s/", $j
           printf "%s\n", $i
        }
     }' <<< "gui/site/junior/profile.py"

视为一个班轮:

$ awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="/"}{for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) { for (j=1; j<i; j++) printf "%s%s", $j, OFS; printf "%s\n", $i}}' <<< "gui/site/junior/profile.py"
gui
gui/site
gui/site/junior
gui/site/junior/profile.py

这利用了NF,它计算当前记录有多少个字段。基于此,它从第一个循环到最后一个,每次首先打印到该值。

于 2014-08-22T12:31:22.817 回答
1

Perl 变体:

perl -F/ -nlE 'say join("/",@F[0..$_])||"/"for(0..$#F-1)' <<< "gui/site with spaces/junior/profile.py"

生产

gui
gui/site with spaces
gui/site with spaces/junior

如果你有 NULL 分隔路径名,你可以添加0到参数:

perl -F/ -0nlE 'say join("/",@F[0..$_])||"/"for(0..$#F-1)'
          ^

例如从

printf "/some/path/name/here/file.py\0" |  perl -F/ -nlE 'say join("/",@F[0..$_])||"/"for(0..$#F-1)'
#                                   ^^

生产

/
/some
/some/path
/some/path/name
/some/path/name/here

为了迭代路径,您可以使用下一个:

origpath="some/long/path/here/py.py"

do_something() {
        local path="$1"
        #add here what you need to do with the partial path
        echo "Do something here with the ==$path=="
}

while read -r part
do
        do_something "$part"
done < <(perl -F/ -nlE 'say join("/",@F[0..$_])||"/"for(0..$#F-1)' <<< "$origpath")

它产生:

Do something here with the ==some==
Do something here with the ==some/long==
Do something here with the ==some/long/path==
Do something here with the ==some/long/path/here==
于 2014-08-22T13:24:40.237 回答