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我将如何使用 xor 按位运算在 c 中执行逐字节比较?比较两个文件时

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    FILE *fp1, *fp2;
    int ch1, ch2;
    char fname1[40], fname2[40] ;

    printf("Enter name of first file :") ;
    gets(fname1);

    printf("Enter name of second file:");
    gets(fname2);

    fp1 = fopen( fname1,  "r" );
    fp2 = fopen( fname2,  "r" ) ;

    if ( fp1 == NULL )
       {
       printf("Cannot open %s for reading ", fname1 );
       exit(1);
       }
    else if (fp2 == NULL)
       {
       printf("Cannot open %s for reading ", fname2 );
       exit(1);
       }
    else
       {
       ch1  =  getc( fp1 ) ;
       ch2  =  getc( fp2 ) ;

       while( (ch1!=EOF) && (ch2!=EOF) && (ch1 == ch2))
        {
            ch1 = getc(fp1);
            ch2 = getc(fp2) ;
        }

        if (ch1 == ch2)
            printf("Files are identical n");
        else if (ch1 !=  ch2)
            printf("Files are Not identical n");

        fclose ( fp1 );
        fclose ( fp2 );
       }
return(0);
 }

我收到以下警告,然后当我运行它时说我的 test2.txt 为空,但里面有数据?

hb@hb:~/Desktop$ gcc -o check check.c
check.c: In function ‘main’:
check.c:21:8: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘exit’ [enabled by default]
check.c:26:8: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘exit’ [enabled by default]
hb@hb:~/Desktop$ 


hb@hb:~/Desktop$ ./check
Enter name of first file :test1.txt
Enter name of second file:test2.txt
Cannot open test2.txt for reading hb@hb:~/Desktop$

有任何想法吗?

4

1 回答 1

1

有很多方法可以做到这一点,如果你有两个文件并排,最简单的就是并排读取它们并比较缓冲区。

#define BUFFERSIZE 4096
FILE *filp1, *filp2;
char *buf1, *buf2;
bool files_equal;
int read1, read2;


filp1 = fopen("file1", "rb");
filp2 = fopen("file2", "rb");

// Don't forget to check that they opened correctly.

buf1 = malloc(sizeof(*buf1)*BUFFERSIZE);
buf2 = malloc(sizeof(*buf2)*BUFFERSIZE);

files_equal = true;

while ( true ) {
    read1 = fread(buf1, sizeof(*buf1), BUFFERSIZE, filp1);
    read2 = fread(buf2, sizeof(*buf2), BUFFERSIZE, filp2);

    if (read1 != read2 || memcmp( buf1, buf2, read1)) { 
         files_equal = false;
         break;
    }
}

如果在读取文件时发生错误,您可能会得到一些误报,但您可能会为此添加一些额外的检查。

另一方面,如果您的文件位于两台不同的计算机上,或者您想要处理大量文件并找出其中任何一个是否相等。最好的方法是使用校验和。

一个好的校验和将来自一个好的散列函数。根据您的安全要求,常见实现使用:

  • SHA-1、SHA-2 或 SHA-3
  • MD5

许多其他的也存在。维基

于 2014-07-16T22:25:13.757 回答