好的，所以我正在尝试使用这个名为 jquery-impromptu.js 的第 3 方 js 库，js 代码如下所示：
/*! jQuery-Impromptu - v5.2.4 - 2014-05-26
* http://trentrichardson.com/Impromptu
* Copyright (c) 2014 Trent Richardson; Licensed MIT */
(function($) {
"use strict";
/**
* setDefaults - Sets the default options
* @param message String/Object - String of html or Object of states
* @param options Object - Options to set the prompt
* @return jQuery - container with overlay and prompt
*/
$.prompt = function(message, options) {
// only for backwards compat, to be removed in future version
if(options !== undefined && options.classes !== undefined && typeof options.classes === 'string'){
options = { box: options.classes };
}
$.prompt.options = $.extend({},$.prompt.defaults,options);
$.prompt.currentPrefix = $.prompt.options.prefix;
// Be sure any previous timeouts are destroyed
if($.prompt.timeout){
clearTimeout($.prompt.timeout);
}
$.prompt.timeout = false;
var opts = $.prompt.options,
$body = $(document.body),
$window = $(window);
//build the box and fade
var msgbox = '<div class="'+ $.prompt.options.prefix +'box '+ opts.classes.box +'">';
if(opts.useiframe && ($('object, applet').length > 0)) {
msgbox += '<iframe src="javascript:false;" style="display:block;position:absolute;z-index:-1;" class="'+ opts.prefix +'fade '+ opts.classes.fade +'"></iframe>';
} else {
msgbox +='<div class="'+ opts.prefix +'fade '+ opts.classes.fade +'"></div>';
}
msgbox += '<div class="'+ opts.prefix +' '+ opts.classes.prompt +'">'+
'<form action="javascript:false;" onsubmit="return false;" class="'+ opts.prefix +'form '+ opts.classes.form +'">'+
'<div class="'+ opts.prefix +'close '+ opts.classes.close +'">'+ opts.closeText +'</div>'+
'<div class="'+ opts.prefix +'states"></div>'+
'</form>'+
'</div>'+
'</div>';
$.prompt.jqib = $(msgbox).appendTo($body);
$.prompt.jqi = $.prompt.jqib.children('.'+ opts.prefix);//.data('jqi',opts);
$.prompt.jqif = $.prompt.jqib.children('.'+ opts.prefix +'fade');
//if a string was passed, convert to a single state
if(message.constructor === String){
message = {
state0: {
title: opts.title,
html: message,
buttons: opts.buttons,
position: opts.position,
focus: opts.focus,
defaultButton: opts.defaultButton,
submit: opts.submit
}
};
}
//build the states
$.prompt.options.states = {};
var k,v;
for(k in message){
v = $.extend({},$.prompt.defaults.state,{name:k},message[k]);
$.prompt.addState(v.name, v);
if($.prompt.currentStateName === ''){
$.prompt.currentStateName = v.name;
}
}
//Events
$.prompt.jqi.on('click', '.'+ opts.prefix +'buttons button', function(e){
var $t = $(this),
$state = $t.parents('.'+ opts.prefix +'state'),
stateobj = $.prompt.options.states[$state.data('jqi-name')],
msg = $state.children('.'+ opts.prefix +'message'),
clicked = stateobj.buttons[$t.text()] || stateobj.buttons[$t.html()],
forminputs = {};
// if for some reason we couldn't get the value
if(clicked === undefined){
for(var i in stateobj.buttons){
if(stateobj.buttons[i].title === $t.text() || stateobj.buttons[i].title === $t.html()){
clicked = stateobj.buttons[i].value;
}
}
}
//collect all form element values from all states.
$.each($.prompt.jqi.children('form').serializeArray(),function(i,obj){
if (forminputs[obj.name] === undefined) {
forminputs[obj.name] = obj.value;
} else if (typeof forminputs[obj.name] === Array || typeof forminputs[obj.name] === 'object') {
forminputs[obj.name].push(obj.value);
} else {
forminputs[obj.name] = [forminputs[obj.name],obj.value];
}
});
// trigger an event
var promptsubmite = new $.Event('impromptu:submit');
promptsubmite.stateName = stateobj.name;
promptsubmite.state = $state;
$state.trigger(promptsubmite, [clicked, msg, forminputs]);
if(!promptsubmite.isDefaultPrevented()){
$.prompt.close(true, clicked,msg,forminputs);
}
});
// if the fade is clicked blink the prompt
var fadeClicked = function(){
if(opts.persistent){
var offset = (opts.top.toString().indexOf('%') >= 0? ($window.height()*(parseInt(opts.top,10)/100)) : parseInt(opts.top,10)),
top = parseInt($.prompt.jqi.css('top').replace('px',''),10) - offset;
//$window.scrollTop(top);
$('html,body').animate({ scrollTop: top }, 'fast', function(){
var i = 0;
$.prompt.jqib.addClass(opts.prefix +'warning');
var intervalid = setInterval(function(){
$.prompt.jqib.toggleClass(opts.prefix +'warning');
if(i++ > 1){
clearInterval(intervalid);
$.prompt.jqib.removeClass(opts.prefix +'warning');
}
}, 100);
});
}
else {
$.prompt.close(true);
}
};
// listen for esc or tab keys
var keyDownEventHandler = function(e){
var key = (window.event) ? event.keyCode : e.keyCode;
//escape key closes
if(key === 27) {
fadeClicked();
}
//enter key pressed trigger the default button if its not on it, ignore if it is a textarea
if(key === 13){
var $defBtn = $.prompt.getCurrentState().find('.'+ opts.prefix +'defaultbutton');
var $tgt = $(e.target);
if($tgt.is('textarea,.'+opts.prefix+'button') === false && $defBtn.length > 0){
e.preventDefault();
$defBtn.click();
}
}
//constrain tabs, tabs should iterate through the state and not leave
if (key === 9){
var $inputels = $('input,select,textarea,button',$.prompt.getCurrentState());
var fwd = !e.shiftKey && e.target === $inputels[$inputels.length-1];
var back = e.shiftKey && e.target === $inputels[0];
if (fwd || back) {
setTimeout(function(){
if (!$inputels){
return;
}
var el = $inputels[back===true ? $inputels.length-1 : 0];
if (el){
el.focus();
}
},10);
return false;
}
}
};
$.prompt.position();
$.prompt.style();
$.prompt.jqif.click(fadeClicked);
$window.resize({animate:false}, $.prompt.position);
$.prompt.jqi.find('.'+ opts.prefix +'close').click($.prompt.close);
$.prompt.jqib.on("keydown",keyDownEventHandler)
.on('impromptu:loaded', opts.loaded)
.on('impromptu:close', opts.close)
.on('impromptu:statechanging', opts.statechanging)
.on('impromptu:statechanged', opts.statechanged);
// Show it
$.prompt.jqif[opts.show](opts.overlayspeed);
$.prompt.jqi[opts.show](opts.promptspeed, function(){
var $firstState = $.prompt.jqi.find('.'+ opts.prefix +'states .'+ opts.prefix +'state').eq(0);
$.prompt.goToState($firstState.data('jqi-name'));
$.prompt.jqib.trigger('impromptu:loaded');
});
// Timeout
if(opts.timeout > 0){
$.prompt.timeout = setTimeout(function(){ $.prompt.close(true); },opts.timeout);
}
return $.prompt.jqib;
};
$.prompt.defaults = {
prefix:'jqi',
classes: {
box: '',
fade: '',
prompt: '',
form: '',
close: '',
title: '',
message: '',
buttons: '',
button: '',
defaultButton: ''
},
title: '',
closeText: '×',
buttons: {
Ok: true
},
loaded: function(e){},
submit: function(e,v,m,f){},
close: function(e,v,m,f){},
statechanging: function(e, from, to){},
statechanged: function(e, to){},
opacity: 0.6,
zIndex: 999,
overlayspeed: 'slow',
promptspeed: 'fast',
show: 'fadeIn',
focus: 0,
defaultButton: 0,
useiframe: false,
top: '15%',
position: {
container: null,
x: null,
y: null,
arrow: null,
width: null
},
persistent: true,
timeout: 0,
states: {},
state: {
name: null,
title: '',
html: '',
buttons: {
Ok: true
},
focus: 0,
defaultButton: 0,
position: {
container: null,
x: null,
y: null,
arrow: null,
width: null
},
submit: function(e,v,m,f){
return true;
}
}
};
/**
* currentPrefix String - At any time this show be the prefix
* of the current prompt ex: "jqi"
*/
$.prompt.currentPrefix = $.prompt.defaults.prefix;
/**
* currentStateName String - At any time this is the current state
* of the current prompt ex: "state0"
*/
$.prompt.currentStateName = "";
/**
* setDefaults - Sets the default options
* @param o Object - Options to set as defaults
* @return void
*/
$.prompt.setDefaults = function(o) {
$.prompt.defaults = $.extend({}, $.prompt.defaults, o);
};
/**
* setStateDefaults - Sets the default options for a state
* @param o Object - Options to set as defaults
* @return void
*/
$.prompt.setStateDefaults = function(o) {
$.prompt.defaults.state = $.extend({}, $.prompt.defaults.state, o);
};
/**
* position - Repositions the prompt (Used internally)
* @return void
*/
$.prompt.position = function(e){
var restoreFx = $.fx.off,
$state = $.prompt.getCurrentState(),
stateObj = $.prompt.options.states[$state.data('jqi-name')],
pos = stateObj? stateObj.position : undefined,
$window = $(window),
bodyHeight = document.body.scrollHeight, //$(document.body).outerHeight(true),
windowHeight = $(window).height(),
documentHeight = $(document).height(),
height = bodyHeight > windowHeight ? bodyHeight : windowHeight,
top = parseInt($window.scrollTop(),10) + ($.prompt.options.top.toString().indexOf('%') >= 0?
(windowHeight*(parseInt($.prompt.options.top,10)/100)) : parseInt($.prompt.options.top,10));
// when resizing the window turn off animation
if(e !== undefined && e.data.animate === false){
$.fx.off = true;
}
$.prompt.jqib.css({
position: "absolute",
height: height,
width: "100%",
top: 0,
left: 0,
right: 0,
bottom: 0
});
$.prompt.jqif.css({
position: "fixed",
height: height,
width: "100%",
top: 0,
left: 0,
right: 0,
bottom: 0
});
// tour positioning
if(pos && pos.container){
var offset = $(pos.container).offset();
if($.isPlainObject(offset) && offset.top !== undefined){
$.prompt.jqi.css({
position: "absolute"
});
$.prompt.jqi.animate({
top: offset.top + pos.y,
left: offset.left + pos.x,
marginLeft: 0,
width: (pos.width !== undefined)? pos.width : null
});
top = (offset.top + pos.y) - ($.prompt.options.top.toString().indexOf('%') >= 0? (windowHeight*(parseInt($.prompt.options.top,10)/100)) : parseInt($.prompt.options.top,10));
$('html,body').animate({ scrollTop: top }, 'slow', 'swing', function(){});
}
}
// custom state width animation
else if(pos && pos.width){
$.prompt.jqi.css({
position: "absolute",
left: '50%'
});
$.prompt.jqi.animate({
top: pos.y || top,
left: pos.x || '50%',
marginLeft: ((pos.width/2)*-1),
width: pos.width
});
}
// standard prompt positioning
else{
$.prompt.jqi.css({
position: "absolute",
top: top,
left: '50%',//$window.width()/2,
marginLeft: (($.prompt.jqi.outerWidth(false)/2)*-1)
});
}
// restore fx settings
if(e !== undefined && e.data.animate === false){
$.fx.off = restoreFx;
}
};
/**
* style - Restyles the prompt (Used internally)
* @return void
*/
$.prompt.style = function(){
$.prompt.jqif.css({
zIndex: $.prompt.options.zIndex,
display: "none",
opacity: $.prompt.options.opacity
});
$.prompt.jqi.css({
zIndex: $.prompt.options.zIndex+1,
display: "none"
});
$.prompt.jqib.css({
zIndex: $.prompt.options.zIndex
});
};
/**
* get - Get the prompt
* @return jQuery - the prompt
*/
$.prompt.get = function(state) {
return $('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix);
};
/**
* addState - Injects a state into the prompt
* @param statename String - Name of the state
* @param stateobj Object - options for the state
* @param afterState String - selector of the state to insert after
* @return jQuery - the newly created state
*/
$.prompt.addState = function(statename, stateobj, afterState) {
var state = "",
$state = null,
arrow = "",
title = "",
opts = $.prompt.options,
$jqistates = $('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'states'),
defbtn,k,v,i=0;
stateobj = $.extend({},$.prompt.defaults.state, {name:statename}, stateobj);
if(stateobj.position.arrow !== null){
arrow = '<div class="'+ opts.prefix + 'arrow '+ opts.prefix + 'arrow'+ stateobj.position.arrow +'"></div>';
}
if(stateobj.title && stateobj.title !== ''){
title = '<div class="lead '+ opts.prefix + 'title '+ opts.classes.title +'">'+ stateobj.title +'</div>';
}
state += '<div id="'+ opts.prefix +'state_'+ statename +'" class="'+ opts.prefix + 'state" data-jqi-name="'+ statename +'" style="display:none;">'+
arrow + title +
'<div class="'+ opts.prefix +'message '+ opts.classes.message +'">' + stateobj.html +'</div>'+
'<div class="'+ opts.prefix +'buttons '+ opts.classes.buttons +'"'+ ($.isEmptyObject(stateobj.buttons)? 'style="display:none;"':'') +'>';
for(k in stateobj.buttons){
v = stateobj.buttons[k],
defbtn = stateobj.focus === i || (isNaN(stateobj.focus) && stateobj.defaultButton === i) ? ($.prompt.currentPrefix + 'defaultbutton ' + opts.classes.defaultButton) : '';
if(typeof v === 'object'){
state += '<button class="'+ opts.classes.button +' '+ $.prompt.currentPrefix + 'button '+ defbtn;
if(typeof v.classes !== "undefined"){
state += ' '+ ($.isArray(v.classes)? v.classes.join(' ') : v.classes) + ' ';
}
state += '" name="' + opts.prefix + '_' + statename + '_button' + v.title.replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/gi,'') + '" id="' + opts.prefix + '_' + statename + '_button' + v.title.replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/gi,'') + '" value="' + v.value + '">' + v.title + '</button>';
} else {
state += '<button class="'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix + 'button '+ opts.classes.button +' '+ defbtn +'" name="' + opts.prefix + '_' + statename + '_button' + k.replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/gi,'') + '" id="' + opts.prefix + '_' + statename + '_button' + k.replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/gi,'') + '" value="' + v + '">' + k + '</button>';
}
i++;
}
state += '</div></div>';
$state = $(state);
$state.on('impromptu:submit', stateobj.submit);
if(afterState !== undefined){
$jqistates.find('#'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'state_'+ afterState).after($state);
}
else{
$jqistates.append($state);
}
$.prompt.options.states[statename] = stateobj;
return $state;
};
/**
* removeState - Removes a state from the prompt
* @param state String - Name of the state
* @param newState String - Name of the state to transition to
* @return Boolean - returns true on success, false on failure
*/
$.prompt.removeState = function(state, newState) {
var $state = $.prompt.getState(state),
rm = function(){ $state.remove(); };
if($state.length === 0){
return false;
}
// transition away from it before deleting
if($state.css('display') !== 'none'){
if(newState !== undefined && $.prompt.getState(newState).length > 0){
$.prompt.goToState(newState, false, rm);
}
else if($state.next().length > 0){
$.prompt.nextState(rm);
}
else if($state.prev().length > 0){
$.prompt.prevState(rm);
}
else{
$.prompt.close();
}
}
else{
$state.slideUp('slow', rm);
}
return true;
};
/**
* getState - Get the state by its name
* @param state String - Name of the state
* @return jQuery - the state
*/
$.prompt.getState = function(state) {
return $('#'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'state_'+ state);
};
$.prompt.getStateContent = function(state) {
return $.prompt.getState(state);
};
/**
* getCurrentState - Get the current visible state
* @return jQuery - the current visible state
*/
$.prompt.getCurrentState = function() {
return $.prompt.getState($.prompt.getCurrentStateName());
};
/**
* getCurrentStateName - Get the name of the current visible state
* @return String - the current visible state's name
*/
$.prompt.getCurrentStateName = function() {
return $.prompt.currentStateName;
};
/**
* goToState - Goto the specified state
* @param state String - name of the state to transition to
* @param subState Boolean - true to be a sub state within the currently open state
* @param callback Function - called when the transition is complete
* @return jQuery - the newly active state
*/
$.prompt.goToState = function(state, subState, callback) {
var $jqi = $.prompt.get(),
jqiopts = $.prompt.options,
$state = $.prompt.getState(state),
stateobj = jqiopts.states[$state.data('jqi-name')],
promptstatechanginge = new $.Event('impromptu:statechanging');
// subState can be ommitted
if(typeof subState === 'function'){
callback = subState;
subState = false;
}
$.prompt.jqib.trigger(promptstatechanginge, [$.prompt.getCurrentStateName(), state]);
if(!promptstatechanginge.isDefaultPrevented() && $state.length > 0){
$.prompt.jqi.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'parentstate').removeClass($.prompt.currentPrefix +'parentstate');
if(subState){ // hide any open substates
// get rid of any substates
$.prompt.jqi.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'substate').not($state)
.slideUp(jqiopts.promptspeed)
.removeClass('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'substate')
.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'arrow').hide();
// add parent state class so it can be visible, but blocked
$.prompt.jqi.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'state:visible').addClass($.prompt.currentPrefix +'parentstate');
// add substate class so we know it will be smaller
$state.addClass($.prompt.currentPrefix +'substate');
}
else{ // hide any open states
$.prompt.jqi.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'state').not($state)
.slideUp(jqiopts.promptspeed)
.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'arrow').hide();
}
$.prompt.currentStateName = stateobj.name;
$state.slideDown(jqiopts.promptspeed,function(){
var $t = $(this);
// if focus is a selector, find it, else its button index
if(typeof(stateobj.focus) === 'string'){
$t.find(stateobj.focus).eq(0).focus();
}
else{
$t.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'defaultbutton').focus();
}
$t.find('.'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'arrow').show(jqiopts.promptspeed);
if (typeof callback === 'function'){
$.prompt.jqib.on('impromptu:statechanged', callback);
}
$.prompt.jqib.trigger('impromptu:statechanged', [state]);
if (typeof callback === 'function'){
$.prompt.jqib.off('impromptu:statechanged', callback);
}
});
if(!subState){
$.prompt.position();
}
}
return $state;
};
/**
* nextState - Transition to the next state
* @param callback Function - called when the transition is complete
* @return jQuery - the newly active state
*/
$.prompt.nextState = function(callback) {
var $next = $('#'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'state_'+ $.prompt.getCurrentStateName()).next();
if($next.length > 0){
$.prompt.goToState( $next.attr('id').replace($.prompt.currentPrefix +'state_',''), callback );
}
return $next;
};
/**
* prevState - Transition to the previous state
* @param callback Function - called when the transition is complete
* @return jQuery - the newly active state
*/
$.prompt.prevState = function(callback) {
var $prev = $('#'+ $.prompt.currentPrefix +'state_'+ $.prompt.getCurrentStateName()).prev();
if($prev.length > 0){
$.prompt.goToState( $prev.attr('id').replace($.prompt.currentPrefix +'state_',''), callback );
}
return $prev;
};
/**
* close - Closes the prompt
* @param callback Function - called when the transition is complete
* @param clicked String - value of the button clicked (only used internally)
* @param msg jQuery - The state message body (only used internally)
* @param forvals Object - key/value pairs of all form field names and values (only used internally)
* @return jQuery - the newly active state
*/
$.prompt.close = function(callCallback, clicked, msg, formvals){
if($.prompt.timeout){
clearTimeout($.prompt.timeout);
$.prompt.timeout = false;
}
if($.prompt.jqib){
$.prompt.jqib.fadeOut('fast',function(){
$.prompt.jqib.trigger('impromptu:close', [clicked,msg,formvals]);
$.prompt.jqib.remove();
$(window).off('resize',$.prompt.position);
});
}
$.prompt.currentStateName = "";
};
/**
* Enable using $('.selector').prompt({});
* This will grab the html within the prompt as the prompt message
*/
$.fn.prompt = function(options){
if(options === undefined){
options = {};
}
if(options.withDataAndEvents === undefined){
options.withDataAndEvents = false;
}
$.prompt($(this).clone(options.withDataAndEvents).html(),options);
};
})(jQuery);
现在，如果我$.prompt从 调用函数$(document.ready)，如下所示：
$(document).ready(function() {
$.prompt('Hello World!');
});
或者如果我在任何函数之外运行它，就像这样
$.prompt('Hello World!');
它可以工作并在页面加载时显示带有“Hello World”的提示，但如果我从 onclick 函数调用它，如下所示：
function onBtnCick() {
$.prompt('Hello World!');
}
在 html 方面，我有：
<a href='...' onclick='onBtnClick();'>...</a>
当我单击该链接时它什么也没做，但我知道 onBtnClick 函数正在运行，因为如果我单击该链接，则：
function onBtnCick() {
alert('testing');
}
它显示了一个弹出窗口，其中显示了“测试”。它只是不能从 onBtnClick 函数调用的 $.prompt 函数。
我一直在尝试寻找这个问题的答案，我认为这与无法直接访问 jquery 闭包有关，但我仍然不清楚该怎么做。
单击链接时，如何使此 $.prompt 功能起作用？
根据要求，我添加了一个 JSFiddle 来演示该问题。你会注意到...
$(document).ready(function() {
$.prompt('Page Loaded');
});
工作，但不是
function onBtnClick() {
$.prompt('Button Clicked');
}
这是JSFiddle：