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在 iOS 8 中使用 WKWebView,我如何从本机端运行 JavaScript 函数或以其他方式从本机端与 JavaScript 通信?似乎没有类似于 UIWebView 的方法stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:

(我可以- addScriptMessageHandler:name:configuration.userContentController对象上使用以允许从 JS 到本机的通信,但我正在寻找相反的方向。)

4

7 回答 7

75

(在这里提出问题后不久,我为此提交了雷达。)

前几天刚刚添加了一个新方法(感谢jcesarmobile指出):

添加-[WKWebView evaluateJavaScript:completionHandler:]
http://trac.webkit.org/changeset/169765

该方法适用于 iOS 8 beta 3 及更高版本。这是新的方法签名:

/* @abstract Evaluates the given JavaScript string. 
 @param javaScriptString The JavaScript string to evaluate. 
 @param completionHandler A block to invoke when script evaluation completes
     or fails. 
 @discussion The completionHandler is passed the result of the script evaluation
     or an error. 
*/ 
- (void)evaluateJavaScript:(NSString *)javaScriptString
         completionHandler:(void (^)(id, NSError *))completionHandler; 

文档可在此处获得:https ://developer.apple.com/documentation/webkit/wkwebview/1415017-evaluatejavascript 。

于 2014-06-14T23:15:36.650 回答
26

细节

  • Xcode 9.1,斯威夫特 4
  • Xcode 10.2 (10E125)、斯威夫特 5

描述

该脚本被插入到将显示在 WKWebView 中的页面中。此脚本将返回页面 URL(但您可以编写另一个 JavaScript 代码)。这意味着脚本事件是在网页上生成的,但它会在我们的函数中处理:

func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {...}

解决方案

extension WKUserScript {
    enum Defined: String {
        case getUrlAtDocumentStartScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentStart"
        case getUrlAtDocumentEndScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentEnd"

        var name: String { return rawValue }

        private var injectionTime: WKUserScriptInjectionTime {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return .atDocumentStart
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return .atDocumentEnd
            }
        }

        private var forMainFrameOnly: Bool {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return false
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return false
            }
        }

        private var source: String {
            switch self {
            case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript:
                return "webkit.messageHandlers.\(name).postMessage(document.URL)"
            }
        }

        fileprivate func create() -> WKUserScript {
            return WKUserScript(source: source,
                                injectionTime: injectionTime,
                                forMainFrameOnly: forMainFrameOnly)
        }
    }
}

extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
    func add(script: WKUserScript.Defined, scriptMessageHandler: WKScriptMessageHandler) {
        userContentController.addUserScript(script.create())
        userContentController.add(scriptMessageHandler, name: script.name)
    }
}

用法

初始化 WKWebView

 let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
 config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)
 config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)

 webView = WKWebView(frame:  UIScreen.main.bounds, configuration: config)
 webView.navigationDelegate = self
 view.addSubview(webView)

捕捉事件

extension ViewController: WKScriptMessageHandler {
    func userContentController (_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
        if  let script = WKUserScript.Defined(rawValue: message.name),
            let url = message.webView?.url {
                switch script {
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: print("start: \(url)")
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: print("end: \(url)")
                }
        }
    }
}

完整代码示例

import UIKit
import WebKit

class ViewController: UIViewController, WKNavigationDelegate {

    private var webView = WKWebView()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let config = WKWebViewConfiguration()
        config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)
        config.add(script: .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, scriptMessageHandler: self)

        webView = WKWebView(frame:  UIScreen.main.bounds, configuration: config)
        webView.navigationDelegate = self
        view.addSubview(webView)
    }

    override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
        super.viewDidAppear(animated)
        webView.load(urlString: "http://apple.com")
    }
}

extension ViewController: WKScriptMessageHandler {
    func userContentController (_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
        if  let script = WKUserScript.Defined(rawValue: message.name),
            let url = message.webView?.url {
                switch script {
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: print("start: \(url)")
                    case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: print("end: \(url)")
                }
        }
    }
}

extension WKWebView {
    func load(urlString: String) {
        if let url = URL(string: urlString) {
            load(URLRequest(url: url))
        }
    }
}

extension WKUserScript {
    enum Defined: String {
        case getUrlAtDocumentStartScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentStart"
        case getUrlAtDocumentEndScript = "GetUrlAtDocumentEnd"

        var name: String { return rawValue }

        private var injectionTime: WKUserScriptInjectionTime {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return .atDocumentStart
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return .atDocumentEnd
            }
        }

        private var forMainFrameOnly: Bool {
            switch self {
                case .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript: return false
                case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript: return false
            }
        }

        private var source: String {
            switch self {
            case .getUrlAtDocumentEndScript, .getUrlAtDocumentStartScript:
                return "webkit.messageHandlers.\(name).postMessage(document.URL)"
            }
        }

        fileprivate func create() -> WKUserScript {
            return WKUserScript(source: source,
                                injectionTime: injectionTime,
                                forMainFrameOnly: forMainFrameOnly)
        }
    }
}

extension WKWebViewConfiguration {
    func add(script: WKUserScript.Defined, scriptMessageHandler: WKScriptMessageHandler) {
        userContentController.addUserScript(script.create())
        userContentController.add(scriptMessageHandler, name: script.name)
    }
}

信息列表

添加您的 Info.plist 传输安全设置

<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
    <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
    <true/>
</dict>

结果

在此处输入图像描述

资源

文档对象属性和方法

于 2016-11-21T22:13:33.300 回答
6

这可能不是一个理想的方法,但根据您的用例,您可以在感染用户脚本后重新加载 WKWebView:

NSString *scriptSource = @"alert('WKWebView JS Call!')";

WKUserScript *userScript = [[WKUserScript alloc] initWithSource:scriptSource
                                                  injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentEnd
                                               forMainFrameOnly:YES];

[wkWebView.configuration.userContentController addUserScript:userScript];
[wkWebView reload];
于 2014-06-07T01:58:20.243 回答
2

这是对我有用的东西:

在 WKWebView 上创建一个扩展,该扩展定义了一个“runJavaScriptInMainFrame:”方法。在扩展方法中,使用 NSInvocationOperation 调用未记录的 '_runJavaScriptInMainFrame:' 方法。

extension WKWebView {
    func runJavaScriptInMainFrame(#scriptString: NSString) -> Void {
        let selector : Selector = "_runJavaScriptInMainFrame:"
        let invocation = NSInvocationOperation(target: self, selector: selector, object: scriptString)
        NSOperationQueue.mainQueue().addOperation(invocation)
    }
}

要使用,请致电:

webview.runJavacriptInMainFrame:(scriptString: "some javascript code")

感谢 Larsaronen 提供了指向 WKWebView 的私有 API 的链接。

于 2014-06-13T14:26:23.173 回答
0

有传言说这是一个错误,因为有一个类似于(?)的私有函数,类似于 UIWebView 中公开可用的函数,用于评估来自 obj-C 的 javascript。

于 2014-06-06T00:41:21.090 回答
0

我刚开始自己​​研究 WKWebView API,所以这可能不是最好的方法,但我认为您可以使用以下代码来做到这一点:

NSString *scriptSource = @"console.log('Hi this is in JavaScript');";

WKUserScript *userScript = [[WKUserScript alloc]
    initWithSource:scriptSource
    injectionTime:WKUserScriptInjectionTimeAtDocumentStart 
    forMainFrameOnly:YES];

[myWKController addUserScript:userScript];

(来自 WWDC'14 演讲)

于 2014-06-05T00:04:26.083 回答
0

运行 JS 代码以从 base64String 加载 .pdf 的方法示例

  private func setData(_ base64String: String) {
    webView.evaluateJavaScript(
        "externalInterfaceLoadBase64('\(base64String)', scale = 1.0)",
        completionHandler: { _, error in
            if let error = error {
                debugPrint("Evaluating JavaScript error: \(error)")
            }
        }
    )
}
于 2021-07-20T16:53:19.400 回答