如何检查导致脚本或eval
块终止的异常类型?我需要知道错误的类型以及异常发生的位置。
1 回答
Perl 方式
惯用的 Perl 是我们要么忽略所有错误,要么捕获它们以记录或转发到其他地方:
eval { func() }; # ignore error
或者:
eval { func() };
if ($@) {
carp "Inner function failed: $@";
do_something_with($@);
}
或(使用Try::Tiny - 请参阅该页面以了解您可能希望在 Perl 的内置异常处理中使用它的原因):
try { func() }
catch {
carp "Inner function failed: $_";
do_something_with($_);
};
如果要检查异常类型,请使用正则表达式:
if ( $@ =~ /open file "(.*?)" for reading:/ ) {
# ...
}
行和文件也在那个字符串中。
但这很讨厌,因为您必须知道确切的字符串。如果您真的想要良好的错误处理,请使用CPAN中的异常模块。
例外::类
$@ doesn't have to be a string, it can be an object. Exception::Class lets you declare and throw exception objects Java-style. You can pass arbitrary information (filename, etc.) with the error when you throw it and get that information out using object methods rather than regex parsing - including the file and line number of the exception.
If you're using a third party module that does not use Error::Exception, consider
$SIG{__DIE__} = sub { Exception::Class::Base->throw( error => join '', @_ ); };
This will transform all errors into Exception::Class objects.
Error::Exception sets up proper stringification for Exception::Class objects.