4

我正在尝试使用 runtime.connectNative 和 postMessage 实现 chrome 扩展。我正在关注chrome 文档,下载了我试图在没有任何更改的情况下运行的本机消息传递示例,而本机主机应用程序的代码可以在此处找到。

但是,我收到错误:未捕获的类型错误:无法读取未定义的属性“connectNative”。

该错误是从 javascript 扩展文件触发的,在这一行:
port = chrome.runtime.connectNative(hostName);

在从清单中加载扩展时,如下所示:

"app": {
   "launch": {
      "local_path": "main.html"
   }
}

任何想法如何解决这个问题?

Chrome 版本 34,在 Windows 7、8.1 上测试

4

2 回答 2

8

直接的问题是您没有正确运行示例代码。更大的问题是谷歌没有提供关于如何使用这个示例代码的全面文档。

您引用的 Native Messaging 示例仅链接到 Chrome 扩展的示例代码。在四处搜索之后,我能够找到本机消息传递主机应用程序的相关示例代码。要同时获取 Chrome 扩展程序和本机消息传递主机应用程序的示例代码,您需要下载nativeMessaging.zip。在那个 zip 文件中,您还可以找到一些关于如何在 Windows、Linux 和 Mac OS X 上安装本机消息传递主机的简要说明。我现在告诉您这些说明不完整,因为它们没有告诉您如何安装Chrome 扩展程序。此外,用于安装和卸载本机消息传递主机的脚本在 OS X 上无法按原样运行。请参阅下面的安装说明和更正的脚本。

如何安装示例扩展和本机主机应用程序

  1. 下载并解压缩 nativeMessaging.zip 文件。
  2. 安装 Chrome 扩展程序
    1. 在 Chromechrome://extensions/的地址栏中输入
    2. 单击“加载解压的扩展...”按钮
    3. 导航到解压缩的nativeMessaging目录并选择app要导入的目录
  3. 安装本机消息传递主机应用程序
    1. 对于 OS X 和 Linux,您需要为某些文件添加执行权限。运行命令:chmod a+rx nativeMessaging/host/install_host.sh nativeMessaging/host/native-messaging-example-host nativeMessaging/host/uninstall_host.sh
    2. 对于 OS X,您需要修复nativeMessaging/host/install_host.shnativeMessaging/host/uninstall_host.sh. 请参阅下面的更正脚本。
    3. 对于 OS X、Linux 和 Windows,请按照nativeMessaging/README.txt
  4. 运行 Chrome 扩展程序
    1. 在 Chromechrome://apps/的地址栏中输入
    2. 单击本机消息传递示例应用程序图标
    3. 应用加载后,您应该会看到一个名为“连接”的按钮。单击该按钮,您应该会看到本机消息传递主机应用程序自动启动。

已更正nativeMessaging/host/install_host.sh

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

set -e

DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$0" )" && pwd )"
if [ $(uname -s) == 'Darwin' ]; then
  if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
    TARGET_DIR="/Library/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
  else
    TARGET_DIR="$HOME/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
  fi
else
  if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
    TARGET_DIR="/etc/opt/chrome/native-messaging-hosts"
  else
    TARGET_DIR="$HOME/.config/google-chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
  fi
fi

HOST_NAME=com.google.chrome.example.echo

# Create directory to store native messaging host.
mkdir -p "$TARGET_DIR"

# Copy native messaging host manifest.
cp "$DIR/$HOST_NAME.json" "$TARGET_DIR"

# Update host path in the manifest.
HOST_PATH="$DIR/native-messaging-example-host"
ESCAPED_HOST_PATH=${HOST_PATH////\\/}
sed -i -e "s/HOST_PATH/$ESCAPED_HOST_PATH/" "$TARGET_DIR/$HOST_NAME.json"

# Set permissions for the manifest so that all users can read it.
chmod o+r "$TARGET_DIR/$HOST_NAME.json"

echo Native messaging host $HOST_NAME has been installed.

已更正nativeMessaging/host/uninstall_host.sh

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

set -e

if [ $(uname -s) == 'Darwin' ]; then
  if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
    TARGET_DIR="/Library/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
  else
    TARGET_DIR="$HOME/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
  fi
else
  if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
    TARGET_DIR="/etc/opt/chrome/native-messaging-hosts"
  else
    TARGET_DIR="$HOME/.config/google-chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
  fi
fi

HOST_NAME=com.google.chrome.example.echo
rm "$TARGET_DIR/com.google.chrome.example.echo.json"
echo Native messaging host $HOST_NAME has been uninstalled.
于 2014-08-07T23:35:53.003 回答
1

我想提供一个 python 3 版本的脚本来替换native-messaging-example-host。它使用 Chrome v86 进行了测试,并按预期工作。请注意,当 tkinter 窗口关闭时,python 内核崩溃 - 这是因为线程内部的二进制数据交换导致线程被硬锁定(更多信息在这里)。我添加了一个从 chrome 应用程序发送的命令退出,以停止线程等待另一个标准输入。收到后python不会在退出时崩溃。

Python 3 版本(用 3.7.4 测试):

# A simple native messaging host. Shows a Tkinter dialog with incoming messages
# that also allows to send message back to the webapp.

import struct
import sys
import threading
import queue as Queue

try:
  import tkinter as Tkinter
  import tkinter.messagebox
except ImportError:
  Tkinter = None

# On Windows, the default I/O mode is O_TEXT. Set this to O_BINARY
# to avoid unwanted modifications of the input/output streams.
if sys.platform == "win32":
  import os, msvcrt
  msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdin.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
  msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)

# Helper function that sends a message to the webapp.
def send_message(message):
   # Write message size.
  sys.stdout.buffer.write(struct.pack('I', len(message)))
  # Write the message itself.
  sys.stdout.write(message)
  sys.stdout.flush()

# Thread that reads messages from the webapp.
def read_thread_func(queue):
  message_number = 0
  while 1:
    # Read the message length (first 4 bytes).
    text_length_bytes = sys.stdin.buffer.read(4)

    if len(text_length_bytes) == 0:
      if queue:
        queue.put(None)
      sys.exit(0)

    # Unpack message length as 4 byte integer.
    text_length = struct.unpack('@I', text_length_bytes)[0]

    # Read the text (JSON object) of the message.
    text = sys.stdin.buffer.read(text_length).decode('utf-8')

    if text == '{"text":"exit"}':
      break

    if queue:
      queue.put(text)
    else:
      # In headless mode just send an echo message back.
      send_message('{"echo": %s}' % text)

if Tkinter:
  class NativeMessagingWindow(tkinter.Frame):
    def __init__(self, queue):
      self.queue = queue

      tkinter.Frame.__init__(self)
      self.pack()

      self.text = tkinter.Text(self)
      self.text.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10, columnspan=2)
      self.text.config(state=tkinter.DISABLED, height=10, width=40)

      self.messageContent = tkinter.StringVar()
      self.sendEntry = tkinter.Entry(self, textvariable=self.messageContent)
      self.sendEntry.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)

      self.sendButton = tkinter.Button(self, text="Send", command=self.onSend)
      self.sendButton.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)

      self.after(100, self.processMessages)

    def processMessages(self):
      while not self.queue.empty():
        message = self.queue.get_nowait()
        if message == None:
          self.quit()
          return
        self.log("Received %s" % message)

      self.after(100, self.processMessages)

    def onSend(self):
      text = '{"text": "' + self.messageContent.get() + '"}'
      self.log('Sending %s' % text)
      try:
        send_message(text)
      except IOError:
        tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('Native Messaging Example',
                              'Failed to send message.')
        sys.exit(1)

    def log(self, message):
      self.text.config(state=tkinter.NORMAL)
      self.text.insert(tkinter.END, message + "\n")
      self.text.config(state=tkinter.DISABLED)


def Main():
  if not Tkinter:
    send_message('"Tkinter python module wasn\'t found. Running in headless ' +
                 'mode. Please consider installing Tkinter."')
    read_thread_func(None)
    sys.exit(0)

  queue = Queue.Queue()

  main_window = NativeMessagingWindow(queue)
  main_window.master.title('Native Messaging Example')

  thread = threading.Thread(target=read_thread_func, args=(queue,))
  thread.daemon = True
  thread.start()

  main_window.mainloop()

  sys.exit(0)


if __name__ == '__main__':
  Main()

免责声明:我使用2to3实用程序来初始转换为 python 3。我还采用了来自 nativeMessage API 示例的webextensions (firefox) 版本的更改(它被简化并且不使用 tkinter gui)。

于 2020-11-25T11:01:27.333 回答