xml - Powershell：使用命名空间向 XML 文档添加元素

Question

我正在尝试编写一个使用 VMWare 的 vcloud REST API 添加 NIC 的 powershell cmdlet（VMWare 自己的 powerCLI 似乎不允许这样做）。为了做到这一点，我需要使用这个 XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><vcloud:RasdItemsList
    xmlns:rasd="http://schemas.dmtf.org/wbem/wscim/1/cim-schema/2/CIM_ResourceAllocationSettingData"
    xmlns:vcloud="http://www.vmware.com/vcloud/v1.5"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    href="https://vcloud.example.com/api/vApp/vm-89c84bd6-c6f2-4e4c-8a7d-c44a3489e2e4/virtualHardwareSection/networkCards"
    type="application/vnd.vmware.vcloud.rasdItemsList+xml">
    <vcloud:Link
        href="https://vcloud.example.com/api/vApp/vm-89c84bd6-c6f2-4e4c-8a7d-c44a3489e2e4/virtualHardwareSection/networkCards"
        rel="edit"
        type="application/vnd.vmware.vcloud.rasdItemsList+xml"/>
</vcloud:RasdItemsList>

并在最后一个 vcloud:Link 下方添加以下元素。

    <ovf:Item>
        <rasd:Address></rasd:Address>
        <rasd:AddressOnParent>0</rasd:AddressOnParent>
        <rasd:AutomaticAllocation>false</rasd:AutomaticAllocation>
        <rasd:Connection
            vcloud:ipAddressingMode="none"
            vcloud:primaryNetworkConnection="true">VM Network</rasd:Connection>
        <rasd:Description>E1000 ethernet adapter on "VM Network"</rasd:Description>
        <rasd:ElementName>Network adapter 0</rasd:ElementName>
        <rasd:InstanceID>1</rasd:InstanceID>
        <rasd:ResourceSubType>E1000</rasd:ResourceSubType>
        <rasd:ResourceType>10</rasd:ResourceType>
    </ovf:Item>

现在，我将原始 XML 作为 $xmlDoc 放入 PS 中，并且我尝试了以下代码：

$xmlElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("ovf:Item")
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:Address")
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:AddressOnParent")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:AutomaticAllocation")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("false")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:Connection")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("none")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlAtt = $xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("vcloud:primaryNetworkConnection")
$xmlAtt.Value = "True"
$xmlSubElt.Attributes.Append($xmlAtt)
$xmlAtt = $xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("vcloud:ipAddressingMode")
$xmlAtt.Value = "NONE"
$xmlSubElt.Attributes.Append($xmlAtt)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:Description")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("Network Adapter 0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:ElementName")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("Network Adapter 0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:InstanceID")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:ResourceSubType")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("E1000")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:ResourceType")
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("10")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlDoc.LastChild.AppendChild($xmlElt);

这是创建的 XML 的相关位：

<Item>
  <Address />
  <AddressOnParent>0</AddressOnParent>
  <AutomaticAllocation>false</AutomaticAllocation>
  <Connection primaryNetworkConnection="True" ipAddressingMode="NONE">none</Connection>
  <Description>Network Adapter 0</Description>
  <ElementName>Network Adapter 0</ElementName>
  <InstanceID>0</InstanceID>
  <ResourceSubType>E1000</ResourceSubType>
  <ResourceType>10</ResourceType>
</Item>

如您所见，它大部分都有效，但不幸的是，它似乎正在删除 XML 命名空间前缀。它可能仍然有效，但我真的很想匹配格式。我对 XML 和 Powershell 交互还很陌生，所以我的问题是：

如何让它输出命名空间？
有没有一种更简单的方法可以手动创建我只是愚蠢地忽略的每个元素？

score 4 · Accepted Answer

解决了我自己的问题。我需要将命名空间从“rasdItemsList”xpath 加载到 System.Xml.XmlNamespaceManager 中，然后在创建元素时查找每个的 URI。

$nsm = New-Object System.Xml.XmlNamespaceManager($xmldoc.nametable)
$nsm.addnamespace("xsi", $xmldoc.rasdItemsList.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("xsi"))
$nsm.addnamespace("rasd", $xmldoc.rasdItemsList.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("rasd"))
$nsm.addnamespace("vcloud", $xmldoc.rasdItemsList.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("vcloud"))

$xmlElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("vcloud:Item", $nsm.LookupNamespace("vcloud"))
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:Address", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:AddressOnParent", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:AutomaticAllocation", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("false")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:Connection", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("none")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlAtt = $xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("vcloud:primaryNetworkConnection", $nsm.LookupNamespace("vcloud"))
$xmlAtt.Value = "True"
$xmlSubElt.Attributes.Append($xmlAtt)
$xmlAtt = $xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("vcloud:ipAddressingMode", $nsm.LookupNamespace("vcloud"))
$xmlAtt.Value = "NONE"
$xmlSubElt.Attributes.Append($xmlAtt)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:Description", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("Network Adapter 0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:ElementName", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("Network Adapter 0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:InstanceID", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("0")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:ResourceSubType", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("E1000")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlSubElt = $xmlDoc.CreateElement("rasd:ResourceType", $nsm.LookupNamespace("rasd"))
$xmlSubText = $xmlDoc.CreateTextNode("10")
$xmlSubElt.AppendChild($xmlSubText)
$xmlElt.AppendChild($xmlSubElt)
$xmlDoc.LastChild.AppendChild($xmlElt);

score 0 · Accepted Answer

为什么不使用 PowerCLI？

New-NetworkAdapter -VM $vm -NetworkName "VM Network" -MacAddress  'aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff' -WakeOnLan -StartConnected

xml - Powershell：使用命名空间向 XML 文档添加元素

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