有几种方法可以做到这一点。我只介绍一种方式。
创建一个背景面板,您可以在其中绘制背景图像(在下面的示例中,BackgroundPanel
图像仅作为 forresty 背景)。将该面板设置为框架的内容窗格。
创建另一个地面面板,您还可以在其中绘制一些东西(在下面的示例中,如果它只GroundPanel
绘制了兔子兔子的图像。
创建前景面板并将其添加到地面面板。您可以将前景组件添加到其中。(在下面的例子中,前景图像是草山,我还给它添加了一个按钮
所有面板的 opaque 属性都应设置为 false,以允许其后面的面板以任何透明度显示。

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.InputMap;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.KeyStroke;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
public class ThreeTier {
public static final int DIM_WIDTH = 600;
public static final int DIM_HEIGHT = 400;
private BufferedImage backgroundImage;
private BufferedImage groundImage;
private BufferedImage foregroundImage;
public ThreeTier() {
initImages();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setContentPane(new BackgroundPanel());
frame.add(new GroundPanel());
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
private void initImages() {
try {
backgroundImage = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/background.png"));
foregroundImage = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/foreground.png"));
groundImage = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/bugsBunny.png"));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ThreeTier.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
class BackgroundPanel extends JPanel {
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(backgroundImage, 0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT, this);
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(ThreeTier.DIM_WIDTH, ThreeTier.DIM_HEIGHT);
}
}
class GroundPanel extends JPanel {
private static final String RIGHT_ACTION = "rightAction";
private int imageX = 50;
private int imageY = 140;
public GroundPanel() {
setOpaque(false);
add(new ForegroundPanel());
InputMap im = getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW);
im.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("RIGHT"), RIGHT_ACTION);
getActionMap().put(RIGHT_ACTION, new AbstractAction() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (imageX >= DIM_WIDTH) {
imageX = 0 - groundImage.getWidth();
repaint();
} else {
imageX += 10;
repaint();
}
}
});
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(groundImage, imageX, imageY, groundImage.getWidth(), groundImage.getHeight(), this);
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(ThreeTier.DIM_WIDTH, ThreeTier.DIM_HEIGHT);
}
}
class ForegroundPanel extends JPanel {
public ForegroundPanel() {
setOpaque(false);
setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.TRAILING, 10, 0));
JButton button = new JButton("I'm in the Foreground!");
add(button);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(foregroundImage, 0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT, this);
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(ThreeTier.DIM_WIDTH, ThreeTier.DIM_HEIGHT);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new ThreeTier();
}
});
}
}
更新
当然,您总是可以只使用JLayeredPane
. 这就是它的用途。看这个例子

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JLayeredPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.border.LineBorder;
public class LayeredPaneDemo {
public static final int DIM_WIDTH = 600;
public static final int DIM_HEIGHT = 400;
public LayeredPaneDemo() {
ContainerPanel container = new ContainerPanel();
JLabel title = new JLabel("Lame Google Map");
title.setFont(new Font("verdana", Font.BOLD, 36));
title.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
panel.add(container);
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.add(panel);
frame.add(title, BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new LayeredPaneDemo();
}
});
}
public class ContainerPanel extends JPanel {
public ContainerPanel() {
JLayeredPane layeredPane = new JLayeredPane();
layeredPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT));
BackgroundPanel bg = new BackgroundPanel();
GroundPanel gg = new GroundPanel();
ForegroundPanel fg = new ForegroundPanel();
bg.setBounds(0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT);
layeredPane.add(bg, new Integer(1));
gg.setBounds(0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT);
layeredPane.add(gg, new Integer(2));
fg.setBounds(0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT);
layeredPane.add(fg, new Integer(3));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
add(layeredPane);
setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.BLUE, 10));
}
}
public class ForegroundPanel extends JPanel {
public ForegroundPanel() {
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 3));
buttonPanel.setOpaque(false);
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("UP"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("Left"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("Right"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("Down"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
FlowLayout flow = (FlowLayout) getLayout();
flow.setAlignment(FlowLayout.TRAILING);
flow.setHgap(0);
flow.setVgap(0);
add(buttonPanel);
setOpaque(false);
}
}
public class GroundPanel extends JPanel {
Image image = null;
public GroundPanel() {
try {
image = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/california.png"));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(LayeredPaneDemo.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
setOpaque(false);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT, this);
}
}
public class BackgroundPanel extends JPanel {
public BackgroundPanel() {
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
setBackground(Color.WHITE);
try {
Image img = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/google.jpg"));
add(new JLabel(new ImageIcon(img)));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(LayeredPaneDemo.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
}
}