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我正在尝试运行加载夹具的测试。其中一个模型具有 的GenericForeign密钥ContentType和 的外键auth.Users。它将用户与他们创建的内容相关联。--natural我用键（如下所示）创建了夹具，并且可以将外键解析为名称。

python manage.py dumpdata mtm --natural --indent=4

运行我的测试时，我收到以下错误：

DeserializationError: Problem installing fixture 'fix.json': User matching query does not  exist.

由 manage.py 转储的示例数据库对象：

{
"pk": 7, 
"model": "xx.vendor", 
"fields": {
    "phone_number": "777777777777777", 
    "alternative_phone_number": "", 
    "object_id": 1, 
    "contact_email": "", 
    "user": [
        "john"
    ], 
    "content_type": [
        "xx", 
        "axe"
    ], 
    "contact_person": "jimmy"
}
},

完整追溯：

    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 178, in __call__
    self._pre_setup()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 749, in _pre_setup
    self._fixture_setup()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 881, in _fixture_setup
    'skip_validation': True,
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 159, in call_command
    return klass.execute(*args, **defaults)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 55, in handle
    self.loaddata(fixture_labels)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 84, in loaddata
    self.load_label(fixture_label)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/commands/loaddata.py", line 134, in load_label
    for obj in objects:
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/serializers/json.py", line 76, in Deserializer
    six.reraise(DeserializationError, DeserializationError(e), sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/serializers/json.py", line 70, in Deserializer
    for obj in PythonDeserializer(objects, **options):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/serializers/python.py", line 124, in Deserializer
    obj = field.rel.to._default_manager.db_manager(db).get_by_natural_key(*field_value)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 167, in get_by_natural_key
    return self.get(**{self.model.USERNAME_FIELD: username})
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 151, in get
    return self.get_queryset().get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 307, in get
    self.model._meta.object_name)

编辑：

我已经确认供应商模型引用的所有用户都存在于数据库中。

更新 1：

我的项目使用 ContentType 的 GenericForeign 键和 auth.Users 的外键。我使用 --natural 选项转储了数据，但这导致了上述问题。现在我删除了 --natural 选项，而是转储了所有 3 个应用程序 myApp、auth、contenttypes 的数据。当我运行测试时，我得到“无法加载 contenttypes.ContentType(pk=50): columns app_label, model are not unique”。我认为这是由于导入模型时动态创建的内容类型。这有什么办法？

4

1 回答 1

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它们可能存在于“数据库”中。但是它们是否存在于您的测试数据库中？当你运行测试时，Django 会创建一个测试数据库。因此，您必须从您的数据库中转储用户并将它们也加载为固定装置。

固定装置是维护的噩梦。我建议您在测试时使用模型妈妈或工厂男孩之类的东西来创建您的固定装置。就我个人而言，我最喜欢 model mommy API，但你的口味可能会有所不同。

于 2014-03-20T21:24:25.803 回答