我有一个 SpatialPolygonsDataFrame,其中包含 11589 个“多边形”类的空间对象。这些对象中有 10699 个正好由 1 个多边形组成。然而,这些空间对象的其余部分由多个多边形(2 到 22 个)组成。
如果一个对象由多个多边形组成,则可能出现三种情况:
1)附加的多边形可以在第一个多边形描述的空间区域中描述一个“洞”。2)额外的多边形也可以描述额外的地理区域,即区域的形状非常复杂,并且通过将多个部分放在一起来描述。3) 通常它是 1) 和 2) 的混合。
我的问题是:如何绘制这样一个基于多个多边形的空间对象?
我已经能够提取和绘制第一个多边形的信息,但我还没有弄清楚如何一次绘制如此复杂的空间对象的所有多边形。
您可以在下面找到我的代码。问题是第 15 行的最后一行。
# Load packages
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
library(maptools)
library(rgdal)
library(ggmap)
library(rgeos)
# Get data
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Download shape information from the internet
URL <- "http://www.geodatenzentrum.de/auftrag1/archiv/vektor/vg250_ebenen/2012/vg250_2012-01-01.utm32s.shape.ebenen.zip"
td <- tempdir()
setwd(td)
temp <- tempfile(fileext = ".zip")
download.file(URL, temp)
unzip(temp)
# Get shape file
shp <- file.path(tempdir(),"vg250_0101.utm32s.shape.ebenen/vg250_ebenen/vg250_gem.shp")
# Read in shape file
x <- readShapeSpatial(shp, proj4string = CRS("+init=epsg:25832"))
# Transform the geocoding from UTM to Longitude/Latitude
x <- spTransform(x, CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84"))
# Extract relevant information
att <- attributes(x)
Poly <- att$polygons
# Pick an geographic area which consists of multiple polygons
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Output a frequency table of areas with N polygons
order.of.polygons.in.shp <- sapply(x@polygons, function(x) x@plotOrder)
length.vector <- unlist(lapply(order.of.polygons.in.shp, length))
table(length.vector)
# Get geographic area with the most polygons
polygon.with.max.polygons <- which(length.vector==max(length.vector))
# Check polygon
# x@polygons[polygon.with.max.polygons]
# Get shape for the geographic area with the most polygons
### HERE IS THE PROBLEM ###
### ONLY information for the first polygon is extracted ###
Poly.coords <- data.frame(slot(Poly[[polygon.with.max.polygons ]]@Polygons[[1]], "coords"))
# Plot
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Calculate centroid for the first polygon of the specified area
coordinates(Poly.coords) <- ~X1+X2
proj4string(Poly.coords) <- CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84")
center <- gCentroid(Poly.coords)
# Download a map which is centered around this centroid
al1 = get_map(location = c(lon=center@coords[1], lat=center@coords[2]), zoom = 10, maptype = 'roadmap')
# Plot map
ggmap(al1) +
geom_path(data=as.data.frame(Poly.coords), aes(x=X1, y=X2))