我已经开始考虑做一些类似的事情,所以这可能会给你一个开始。
对于第一个版本,您可以从查看Form的“AllowTransparency”、“TransparencyKey”和“TopMost”属性开始。
(我发现 TransparencyKey 不适用于白色(255,255,255),但特定的非白色可以正常工作......不知道为什么)。
这将作为一个可点击的表单,位于其他表单之上......但由于它是透明的,因此您无法在透明部分显示图像。但是,如果您只需要一个适合目标应用程序的 hud,这可能是最简单的方法。
如果这个顶级表单没有出现在游戏前面......您可以尝试将游戏置于窗口模式。
在全屏模式下运行时,游戏一般通过ActiveX、Direct3D、OpenGL、DirectDraw等直接绘制到屏幕上。
在这些之上绘图需要将代码注入 DirectX、OpenGL 或其他引擎的绘图/更新/刷新函数(基本上是告诉 DirectX3D 在每个绘图周期结束时绘制您的东西)。有一些现有的软件可以做到这一点:例如,Steam Overlay、fraps、xfire。
一个快速的谷歌搜索发现“游戏覆盖”虽然我没有下载或尝试过,但它说它可以为你在游戏之上覆盖表单应用程序。
(似乎该计划隶属于一家刚刚解散的公司,无论如何我似乎无法让它为我工作......)
可以通过进行本地 Windows 调用来创建一个不完全透明但可单击的表单。我将看看我是否可以在接下来的几天内创建一个示例。
我找到了一个旧的测试项目并对其进行了一些清理。
基本上,当运行时,它会在屏幕前面绘制 500 条可点击的随机红线。然后它绘制 1000 条随机白线(即擦除)。然后重复。
在编写代码时,我想获得一些概念证明:如何能够在表单的整个表面上绘图,如何以编程方式使表单在多个屏幕上变为全尺寸,如何利用后台工作人员,以及此概念证明如何作为透明覆盖工作。
指示:
- 创建一个名为 TranparentOverlay_simpleExample 的新 Windows 窗体项目
- 在设计视图中,在 Form1 上设置以下属性:
- 背景颜色:白色
- FormBorderStyle:无
- 位置:-1280, 0(即屏幕的左上角,一个屏幕可能只有 0,0)
- TopMost:真
- 透明键:白色
- WindowState:最大化
现在输入 Form1 的代码视图并将其替换为以下内容:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace TransparentOverlay_simpleExample
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
BackgroundWorker bw = new BackgroundWorker();
Random rand = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool BringWindowToTop(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SetWindowPos")]
public static extern IntPtr SetWindowPos(IntPtr hWnd, int hWndInsertAfter, int x, int Y, int cx, int cy, int wFlags);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint wMsg, UIntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam); //used for maximizing the screen
const int WM_SYSCOMMAND = 0x0112; //used for maximizing the screen.
const int myWParam = 0xf120; //used for maximizing the screen.
const int myLparam = 0x5073d; //used for maximizing the screen.
int oldWindowLong;
[Flags]
enum WindowStyles : uint
{
WS_OVERLAPPED = 0x00000000,
WS_POPUP = 0x80000000,
WS_CHILD = 0x40000000,
WS_MINIMIZE = 0x20000000,
WS_VISIBLE = 0x10000000,
WS_DISABLED = 0x08000000,
WS_CLIPSIBLINGS = 0x04000000,
WS_CLIPCHILDREN = 0x02000000,
WS_MAXIMIZE = 0x01000000,
WS_BORDER = 0x00800000,
WS_DLGFRAME = 0x00400000,
WS_VSCROLL = 0x00200000,
WS_HSCROLL = 0x00100000,
WS_SYSMENU = 0x00080000,
WS_THICKFRAME = 0x00040000,
WS_GROUP = 0x00020000,
WS_TABSTOP = 0x00010000,
WS_MINIMIZEBOX = 0x00020000,
WS_MAXIMIZEBOX = 0x00010000,
WS_CAPTION = WS_BORDER | WS_DLGFRAME,
WS_TILED = WS_OVERLAPPED,
WS_ICONIC = WS_MINIMIZE,
WS_SIZEBOX = WS_THICKFRAME,
WS_TILEDWINDOW = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW = WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_THICKFRAME | WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX,
WS_POPUPWINDOW = WS_POPUP | WS_BORDER | WS_SYSMENU,
WS_CHILDWINDOW = WS_CHILD,
//Extended Window Styles
WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME = 0x00000001,
WS_EX_NOPARENTNOTIFY = 0x00000004,
WS_EX_TOPMOST = 0x00000008,
WS_EX_ACCEPTFILES = 0x00000010,
WS_EX_TRANSPARENT = 0x00000020,
//#if(WINVER >= 0x0400)
WS_EX_MDICHILD = 0x00000040,
WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW = 0x00000080,
WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE = 0x00000100,
WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE = 0x00000200,
WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP = 0x00000400,
WS_EX_RIGHT = 0x00001000,
WS_EX_LEFT = 0x00000000,
WS_EX_RTLREADING = 0x00002000,
WS_EX_LTRREADING = 0x00000000,
WS_EX_LEFTSCROLLBAR = 0x00004000,
WS_EX_RIGHTSCROLLBAR = 0x00000000,
WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT = 0x00010000,
WS_EX_STATICEDGE = 0x00020000,
WS_EX_APPWINDOW = 0x00040000,
WS_EX_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW = (WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE | WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE),
WS_EX_PALETTEWINDOW = (WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE | WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW | WS_EX_TOPMOST),
//#endif /* WINVER >= 0x0400 */
//#if(WIN32WINNT >= 0x0500)
WS_EX_LAYERED = 0x00080000,
//#endif /* WIN32WINNT >= 0x0500 */
//#if(WINVER >= 0x0500)
WS_EX_NOINHERITLAYOUT = 0x00100000, // Disable inheritence of mirroring by children
WS_EX_LAYOUTRTL = 0x00400000, // Right to left mirroring
//#endif /* WINVER >= 0x0500 */
//#if(WIN32WINNT >= 0x0500)
WS_EX_COMPOSITED = 0x02000000,
WS_EX_NOACTIVATE = 0x08000000
//#endif /* WIN32WINNT >= 0x0500 */
}
public enum GetWindowLongConst
{
GWL_WNDPROC = (-4),
GWL_HINSTANCE = (-6),
GWL_HWNDPARENT = (-8),
GWL_STYLE = (-16),
GWL_EXSTYLE = (-20),
GWL_USERDATA = (-21),
GWL_ID = (-12)
}
public enum LWA
{
ColorKey = 0x1,
Alpha = 0x2,
}
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern int GetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern int SetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex, int dwNewLong);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool SetLayeredWindowAttributes(IntPtr hwnd, uint crKey, byte bAlpha, uint dwFlags);
/// <summary>
/// Make the form (specified by its handle) a window that supports transparency.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Handle">The window to make transparency supporting</param>
public void SetFormTransparent(IntPtr Handle)
{
oldWindowLong = GetWindowLong(Handle, (int)GetWindowLongConst.GWL_EXSTYLE);
SetWindowLong(Handle, (int)GetWindowLongConst.GWL_EXSTYLE, Convert.ToInt32( oldWindowLong | (uint)WindowStyles.WS_EX_LAYERED | (uint)WindowStyles.WS_EX_TRANSPARENT));
}
/// <summary>
/// Make the form (specified by its handle) a normal type of window (doesn't support transparency).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Handle">The Window to make normal</param>
public void SetFormNormal(IntPtr Handle)
{
SetWindowLong(Handle, (int)GetWindowLongConst.GWL_EXSTYLE, Convert.ToInt32(oldWindowLong | (uint)WindowStyles.WS_EX_LAYERED));
}
/// <summary>
/// Makes the form change White to Transparent and clickthrough-able
/// Can be modified to make the form translucent (with different opacities) and change the Transparency Color.
/// </summary>
public void SetTheLayeredWindowAttribute()
{
uint transparentColor = 0xffffffff;
SetLayeredWindowAttributes(this.Handle, transparentColor, 125, 0x2);
this.TransparencyKey = Color.White;
}
/// <summary>
/// Finds the Size of all computer screens combined (assumes screens are left to right, not above and below).
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The width and height of all screens combined</returns>
public static Size getFullScreensSize()
{
int height = int.MinValue;
int width = 0;
foreach (Screen screen in System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens)
{
//take largest height
height = Math.Max(screen.WorkingArea.Height, height);
width += screen.Bounds.Width;
}
return new Size(width, height);
}
/// <summary>
/// Finds the top left pixel position (with multiple screens this is often not 0,0)
/// </summary>
/// <returns>Position of top left pixel</returns>
public static Point getTopLeft()
{
int minX = int.MaxValue;
int minY = int.MaxValue;
foreach (Screen screen in System.Windows.Forms.Screen.AllScreens)
{
minX = Math.Min(screen.WorkingArea.Left, minX);
minY = Math.Min(screen.WorkingArea.Top, minY);
}
return new Point( minX, minY );
}
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
MaximizeEverything();
SetFormTransparent(this.Handle);
SetTheLayeredWindowAttribute();
BackgroundWorker tmpBw = new BackgroundWorker();
tmpBw.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(bw_DoWork);
this.bw = tmpBw;
this.bw.RunWorkerAsync();
}
private void MaximizeEverything()
{
this.Location = getTopLeft();
this.Size = getFullScreensSize();
SendMessage(this.Handle, WM_SYSCOMMAND, (UIntPtr)myWParam, (IntPtr)myLparam);
}
private void bw_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
BackgroundWorker worker = sender as BackgroundWorker;
int numRedLines = 500;
int numWhiteLines = 1000;
Size fullSize = getFullScreensSize();
Point topLeft = getTopLeft();
using (Pen redPen = new Pen(Color.Red, 10f), whitePen = new Pen(Color.White, 10f)) {
using (Graphics formGraphics = this.CreateGraphics()) {
while (true) {
bool makeRedLines = true;
for (int i = 0; i < numRedLines + numWhiteLines; i++)
{
if (i > numRedLines)
{
makeRedLines = false;
}
//Choose points for random lines...but don't draw over the top 100 px of the screen so you can
//still find the stop run button.
int pX = rand.Next(0, (-1 * topLeft.X) + fullSize.Width);
int pY = rand.Next(100, (-1 * topLeft.Y) + fullSize.Height);
int qX = rand.Next(0, (-1 * topLeft.X) + fullSize.Width);
int qY = rand.Next(100, (-1 * topLeft.Y) + fullSize.Height);
if (makeRedLines)
{
formGraphics.DrawLine(redPen, pX, pY, qX, qY);
}
else
{
formGraphics.DrawLine(whitePen, pX, pY, qX, qY);
}
Thread.Sleep(10);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
枚举列表是在原生 Windows 调用中使用的值,将 RGB 颜色(如白色)转换为 uint 使得处理原生 Windows 有点痛苦。
但是,最后,我们现在有了一个覆盖所有屏幕的不可见画布,我们可以像绘制任何其他图形对象一样在它上面绘制(因此绘制文本或图片就像绘制线条一样容易)。
(我认为,如果您为图形对象绘制半透明图片,则可以使自己成为半透明叠加层,而不是完全不透明/透明的叠加层)。
此示例无法在全屏 3d 游戏上放置叠加层,但适用于在窗口模式下运行的相同游戏。
(PS 我刚刚在军团要塞 2 中对此进行了测试,它在窗口模式下绘制,但不是全屏,所以我猜旧共和国会类似)。
以下链接可能对尝试挂接到 Direct3D 版本 9、10 和 11 的绘图例程的任何人有用。
http://spazzarama.com/2011/03/14/c-screen-capture-and-overlays-for-direct3d-9-10-and-11-using-api-hooks/
https://github.com/spazzarama/Direct3DHook
它没有提供全功能覆盖,但上面的示例项目成功地为我在 Team Fortress 2 顶部写入了每秒帧数。它对如何开始使用它有很好的说明。它应该会指导您完成设置SlimDX Runtime和EasyHook的过程。