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如果 XML 有多个顶级项，我如何使用 Python ElementTree 读取 XML 文件？

我有一个想要使用 Python ElementTree 读取的 XML 文件。

不幸的是，它有多个顶级标签。我会环绕<doc>...</doc>XML，除了我必须在and字段<doc> 之后放置。但弄清楚终点在哪里并非易事。<?xml><!DOCTYPE><!DOCTYPE>

我有的：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE FOO BAR "foo.dtd" [
<!ENTITY ...>
<!ENTITY ...>
<!ENTITY ...>
]>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>

我想要的是：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE FOO BAR "foo.dtd" [
<!ENTITY ...>
<!ENTITY ...>
<!ENTITY ...>
]>
<DOC>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
<ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
</DOC>

注意标签 ARTICLE 的名称可能会更改，因此我无法对其进行 grep。

任何人都可以向我建议如何<doc>...</doc>在 XML 标头之后添加封闭，或者建议另一种解决方法？

4

1 回答 1

0

我编写了以下函数来在 XML 处理指令之后添加一个顶级标签。您现在可以在我的通用 Python 库中找到此代码，即common.myelementtree.add_toplevel_tag

import re
xmlprocre = re.compile("(\s*<[\?\!])")
def add_toplevel_tag(string):
    """
After all the XML processing instructions, add an enclosing top-level <DOC> tag, and return it.
e.g.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE FOO BAR "foo.dtd" [ <!ENTITY ...> <!ENTITY ...> <!ENTITY ...> ]> <ARTICLE> ...
</ARTICLE> <ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE> <ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE> <ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE>
=>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE FOO BAR "foo.dtd" [ <!ENTITY ...> <!ENTITY ...> <!ENTITY ...> ]><DOC> <ARTICLE> ...
</ARTICLE> <ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE> <ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE> <ARTICLE> ... </ARTICLE></DOC>
"""
    def _advance_proc(string, idx):
        # If possible, advance over whitespace and one processing
        # instruction starting at string index idx, and return its index.
        # If not possible, return None
        # Find the beginning of the processing instruction
        m = xmlprocre.match(string[idx:])
        if m is None: return None
        #print "Group", m.group(1)
        idx = idx + len(m.group(1))
        #print "Remain", string[idx:]

        # Find closing > bracket
        bracketdebt = 1
        while bracketdebt > 0:
            if string[idx] == "<": bracketdebt += 1
            elif string[idx] == ">": bracketdebt -= 1
            idx += 1
        #print "Remain", string[idx:]
        return idx
    loc = 0
    while 1:
        # Advance one processing instruction
        newloc = _advance_proc(string, loc)
        if newloc is None: break
        else: loc = newloc
    return string[:loc] + "<DOC>" + string[loc:] + "</DOC>"
于 2010-01-22T20:57:49.410 回答