我想我要问你的问题是“你确定表是分区的吗？” 一般来说，无论您是否将数据暂存到临时位置，插入到正确分区的表中都应该沿着分区函数中使用的主键正确对齐数据。
下面的示例创建一个具有简单分区的目录并将记录插入到分区表中（基于您所透露的结构松散，因为分区表需要它的分区列至少是主键的一部分，这还没有被显示在原始示例中）。提供的结果显示了单次插入后预期文件（ 20140101 和 20140102 ）的增长，最后显示了分区中这些行的实际分配。后面的查询可以帮助您确定您的数据是否被正确分配，如果没有，您可以从示例的其余部分收集一些关于如何解决该问题的见解！
下面的代码已修改以显示 SWITCH 用法，如下面的评论中所述：
创建测试目录：
USE master;
GO
-- Make a data directory;
-- EXECUTE xp_cmdshell 'mkdir D:\MSSQL\DATA\PartitionExample\';
-- Create a catalog for testing;
IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.databases
WHERE name = 'PartitionExample' )
BEGIN
--DROP DATABASE [PartitionExample];
CREATE DATABASE [PartitionExample]
ON PRIMARY (
NAME = [PartitionExample_dat],
FILENAME = 'D:\MSSQL\DATA\PartitionExample\PartitionExample.mdf',
SIZE = 3MB,
FILEGROWTH = 1MB )
LOG ON (
NAME = [PartitionExample_log],
FILENAME = 'D:\MSSQL\DATA\PartitionExample\PartitionExample.ldf',
SIZE = 512KB,
FILEGROWTH = 512KB );
END;
GO
-- Add filegroups and files for partitions;
IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT *
FROM PartitionExample.sys.sysfiles
WHERE name LIKE 'fg[_]DateRange[_]________[_]dat' )
BEGIN
-- Filegroups
ALTER DATABASE [PartitionExample]
ADD FILEGROUP [fg_DateRange_20140101];
ALTER DATABASE [PartitionExample]
ADD FILEGROUP [fg_DateRange_20140102];
ALTER DATABASE [PartitionExample]
ADD FILEGROUP [fg_DateRange_20140103];
-- Files
ALTER DATABASE [PartitionExample]
ADD FILE (
NAME = [fg_DateRange_20140101_dat],
FILENAME = 'D:\MSSQL\DATA\PartitionExample\fg_DateRange_20140101.ndf',
SIZE = 512KB,
FILEGROWTH = 512KB )
TO FILEGROUP [fg_DateRange_20140101];
ALTER DATABASE PartitionExample
ADD FILE (
NAME = [fg_DateRange_20140102_dat],
FILENAME = 'D:\MSSQL\DATA\PartitionExample\fg_DateRange_20140102.ndf',
SIZE = 512KB,
FILEGROWTH = 512KB )
TO FILEGROUP [fg_DateRange_20140102];
ALTER DATABASE PartitionExample
ADD FILE (
NAME = [fg_DateRange_20140103_dat],
FILENAME = 'D:\MSSQL\DATA\PartitionExample\fg_DateRange_20140103.ndf',
SIZE = 512KB,
FILEGROWTH = 512KB )
TO FILEGROUP [fg_DateRange_20140103];
END;
GO
构建分区方案/功能
-- Use the newly created catalog;
USE [PartitionExample];
GO
-- Set up partition function and scheme;
IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.partition_functions
WHERE name = 'pf_DateRange' )
BEGIN
--DROP PARTITION SCHEME [ps_DateRange];
--DROP PARTITION FUNCTION [pf_DateRange];
CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION [pf_DateRange] ( DATETIME )
AS RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUES ( '20140101', '20140102', '20140103' );
CREATE PARTITION SCHEME [ps_DateRange]
AS PARTITION [pf_DateRange] TO ( [PRIMARY],
[fg_DateRange_20140101], [fg_DateRange_20140102], [fg_DateRange_20140103] );
END;
GO
创建分区表并填充：
-- Create table;
IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM sys.objects
WHERE name = 'Inventory'
AND type = 'U' )
BEGIN
--DROP TABLE dbo.Inventory;
CREATE TABLE dbo.Inventory
(
Inventory_PK INTEGER IDENTITY( 1, 1 ) NOT NULL,
AcquisitionDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY ( Inventory_PK, AcquisitionDate ),
Vendor_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Model_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Qty BIGINT NOT NULL
) ON ps_DateRange( AcquisitionDate );
END;
GO
-- "Stage" data, for initial population purposes
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM dbo.Inventory )
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INTEGER;
CREATE TABLE dbo.t_StageInventory
(
Inventory_PK INTEGER IDENTITY( 1, 1 ) NOT NULL,
AcquisitionDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY ( Inventory_PK, AcquisitionDate ),
Vendor_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Model_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Qty BIGINT NOT NULL
) ON ps_DateRange( AcquisitionDate );
SET @i = 0;
WHILE ( @i < 100 )
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.t_StageInventory ( Vendor_Name, Model_Name,
AcquisitionDate, Qty )
VALUES ( 'VendorName', 'ModelName', '20140101', 1 );
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
SET @i = 0;
WHILE ( @i < 100 )
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.t_StageInventory ( Vendor_Name, Model_Name,
AcquisitionDate, Qty )
VALUES ( 'VendorName', 'ModelName', '20140102', 1 );
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
-- Insert data into the partitioned table;
INSERT INTO dbo.Inventory ( AcquisitionDate, Vendor_Name,
Model_Name, Qty )
SELECT AcquisitionDate, Vendor_Name, Model_Name, Qty
FROM dbo.t_StageInventory;
DROP TABLE dbo.t_StageInventory;
SET NOCOUNT OFF;
END;
GO
查看数据分布：
SELECT ObjectName = OBJECT_NAME( p.object_id ),
PartitionSchemeName = ps.name,
PartitionFunctionName = pf.name,
PartitionNumber = p.partition_number,
FileGroup = fg.name,
Rows = p.rows
FROM sys.partitions p
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i
ON p.object_id = i.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.partition_schemes ps
ON i.data_space_id = ps.data_space_id
INNER JOIN sys.partition_functions pf
ON ps.function_id = pf.function_id
INNER JOIN sys.destination_data_spaces dds
ON dds.partition_scheme_id = ps.data_space_id
AND dds.destination_id = p.partition_number
INNER JOIN sys.filegroups fg
ON dds.data_space_id = fg.data_space_id
WHERE p.object_id = OBJECT_ID( 'Inventory' );
现在测试已经设置好了，我们可以继续为 SWITCH 做准备了！暂存表再次填充：
新的阶段：
-- "Stage" data from ETL
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @i INTEGER;
CREATE TABLE dbo.t_StageInventory
(
Inventory_PK INTEGER IDENTITY( 1, 1 ) NOT NULL,
AcquisitionDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY ( Inventory_PK, AcquisitionDate ),
Vendor_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Model_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Qty BIGINT NOT NULL
) ON ps_DateRange( AcquisitionDate );
SET @i = 0;
WHILE ( @i < 10 )
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.t_StageInventory ( Vendor_Name, Model_Name,
AcquisitionDate, Qty )
VALUES ( 'VendorName', 'ModelName', '20140102', 1 );
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
SET @i = 0;
WHILE ( @i < 100 )
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dbo.t_StageInventory ( Vendor_Name, Model_Name,
AcquisitionDate, Qty )
VALUES ( 'VendorName', 'ModelName', '20140103', 1 );
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
填充暂存表后，我们需要确定必须从报表稳定表传输哪些行并移动它们。
重新分期数据：
-- Re-stage existing partition data;
DECLARE @UpperBound DATETIME,
@LowRange DATETIME,
@HighRange DATETIME;
SET @UpperBound = '99991231';
SELECT @LowRange = MIN( CAST( pprv.value AS DATETIME ) ),
@HighRange = MAX( ISNULL( CAST( prv.value AS DATETIME ), @UpperBound ) )
FROM sys.partitions p
INNER JOIN sys.indexes i
ON p.object_id = i.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.partition_schemes ps
ON i.data_space_id = ps.data_space_id
INNER JOIN sys.partition_functions pf
ON ps.function_id = pf.function_id
INNER JOIN sys.destination_data_spaces dds
ON dds.partition_scheme_id = ps.data_space_id
AND dds.destination_id = p.partition_number
INNER JOIN sys.filegroups fg
ON dds.data_space_id = fg.data_space_id
LEFT JOIN sys.partition_range_values prv
ON ps.function_id = prv.function_id
AND p.partition_number = prv.boundary_id
LEFT JOIN sys.partition_range_values pprv
ON ps.function_id = prv.function_id
AND p.partition_number - 1 = pprv.boundary_id
WHERE p.object_id = OBJECT_ID( 't_StageInventory' )
AND rows <> 0;
INSERT INTO dbo.t_StageInventory( AcquisitionDate, Vendor_Name, Model_Name, Qty )
SELECT AcquisitionDate, Vendor_Name, Model_Name, Qty
FROM dbo.Inventory
WHERE AcquisitionDate >= @LowRange
AND AcquisitionDate < @HighRange;
切换出，然后进入
CREATE TABLE dbo.t_SwapInventory
(
Inventory_PK INTEGER IDENTITY( 1, 1 ) NOT NULL,
AcquisitionDate DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY ( Inventory_PK, AcquisitionDate ),
Vendor_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Model_Name VARCHAR( 80 ) NULL,
Qty BIGINT NOT NULL
) ON ps_DateRange( AcquisitionDate );
-- Dynamic here...
DECLARE @t_Partition TABLE
(
partition_number INTEGER
);
INSERT INTO @t_Partition ( partition_number )
SELECT DISTINCT p.partition_number
FROM sys.partitions p
WHERE p.object_id = OBJECT_ID( 't_StageInventory' )
AND p.rows <> 0;
SET @i = @@ROWCOUNT;
DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR( MAX ),
@Partition INTEGER;
WHILE ( @i > 0 )
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @Partition = partition_number
FROM @t_Partition;
DELETE @t_Partition
WHERE partition_number = @Partition;
SET @SQL = N'
ALTER TABLE dbo.Inventory
SWITCH PARTITION ' + LEFT( @Partition, 1024 ) + '
TO dbo.t_SwapInventory PARTITION ' + LEFT( @Partition, 1024 ) + ';';
EXECUTE dbo.sp_executesql @statement = @SQL;
SET @SQL = N'
ALTER TABLE dbo.t_StageInventory
SWITCH PARTITION ' + LEFT( @Partition, 1024 ) + '
TO dbo.Inventory PARTITION ' + LEFT( @Partition, 1024 ) + ';';
EXECUTE dbo.sp_executesql @statement = @SQL;
SET @i = @i - 1;
END;
GO
DROP TABLE dbo.t_SwapInventory;
DROP TABLE dbo.t_StageInventory;
SET NOCOUNT OFF;
至此，可以运行上面的查看数据分布查询以进行额外验证。