我见过几个类似的问题，但没有一个能完全解决我的问题。
我正在尝试对 XML 进行签名，然后使用 C# 使用公钥对其进行验证。
我使用密钥对 XML 进行签名，然后将密钥导出到 XML。然后将密钥和签名的 XML 带到另一台计算机，使用 导入密钥rsa.FromXmlString(doc.InnerXml)，并验证 XML 签名。
如果我将公钥和私钥都导出到 XML 使用rsa.ToXmlString(True). 但是，我只想使用 . 导出我的公钥rsa.ToXmlString(False)。如果我只导出公钥并将其导入第二台计算机并尝试验证 XML 签名，则表示签名无效。
首先，我应该能够仅使用公钥来验证签名的 XML 吗？
其次，如果这是真的，为什么我的验证 XML 函数只适用于 pub/priv 密钥对而不是只适用于公钥？
您对如何调试此问题有任何智慧吗？我不确定还能做什么，因为signedXml.CheckSignature(Key);没有提供任何有关失败原因的信息。
我的导入密钥、导出密钥、签署 XML 和验证 XML 功能如下。如果您需要更多信息，请与我们联系。
public static void ImportKeyFromFile(string ContainerName, string inputFile)
{
try
{
// Create new XmlDocument.
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
// Load XML Document.
doc.Load(inputFile);
// Create the CspParameters object and set the key container
// name used to store the RSA key pair.
CspParameters cp = new CspParameters();
cp.KeyContainerName = ContainerName;
// Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider that accesses
// the key container MyKeyContainerName.
RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cp);
// Get RSA Parameters from xml document.
rsa.FromXmlString(doc.InnerXml);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
public static void ExportKeyToFile(string ContainerName, string outputPath, bool private_key)
{
try
{
// Create the CspParameters object and set the key container
// name used to store the RSA key pair.
CspParameters cp = new CspParameters();
cp.KeyContainerName = ContainerName;
// Create a new instance of RSACryptoServiceProvider that accesses
// the key container MyKeyContainerName.
RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cp);
// Create new XmlDocument.
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
// Store rsa key.
doc.InnerXml = rsa.ToXmlString(private_key);
// Save Document.
doc.Save(outputPath);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
public static Boolean VerifyXml(XmlDocument Doc, RSA Key)
{
// Check arguments.
if (Doc == null)
throw new ArgumentException("Doc");
if (Key == null)
throw new ArgumentException("Key");
// Create a new SignedXml object and pass it
// the XML document class.
SignedXml signedXml = new SignedXml(Doc);
// Find the "Signature" node and create a new
// XmlNodeList object.
XmlNodeList nodeList = Doc.GetElementsByTagName("Signature");
// Throw an exception if no signature was found.
if (nodeList.Count <= 0)
{
throw new CryptographicException("Verification failed: No Signature was found in the document.");
}
// Load the first <signature> node.
signedXml.LoadXml((XmlElement)nodeList[0]);
// Check the signature and return the result.
return signedXml.CheckSignature(Key);
}
public static void SignXml(XmlDocument xmlDoc, RSA Key)
{
// Check arguments.
if (xmlDoc == null)
throw new ArgumentException("xmlDoc");
if (Key == null)
throw new ArgumentException("Key");
// Create a SignedXml object.
SignedXml signedXml = new SignedXml(xmlDoc);
// Add the key to the SignedXml document.
signedXml.SigningKey = Key;
// Create a reference to be signed.
Reference reference = new Reference();
reference.Uri = "";
// Add an enveloped transformation to the reference.
XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform env = new XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform();
reference.AddTransform(env);
// Add the reference to the SignedXml object.
signedXml.AddReference(reference);
// Compute the signature.
signedXml.ComputeSignature();
// Get the XML representation of the signature and save
// it to an XmlElement object.
XmlElement xmlDigitalSignature = signedXml.GetXml();
// Append the element to the XML document.
xmlDoc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(xmlDoc.ImportNode(xmlDigitalSignature, true));
}