11

我有一个正在测试的简单网站。它在本地主机上运行,​​我可以在我的网络浏览器中访问它。索引页就是“运行”这个词。 urllib.urlopen将成功读取页面但urllib2.urlopen不会。这是一个演示问题的脚本(这是实际脚本,而不是不同测试脚本的简化):

import urllib, urllib2
print urllib.urlopen("http://127.0.0.1").read()  # prints "running"
print urllib2.urlopen("http://127.0.0.1").read() # throws an exception

这是堆栈跟踪:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "urltest.py", line 5, in <module>
    print urllib2.urlopen("http://127.0.0.1").read()
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 121, in urlopen
    return _opener.open(url, data)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 380, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 491, in http_response
    'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 412, in error
    result = self._call_chain(*args)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 353, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 575, in http_error_302
    return self.parent.open(new)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 380, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 491, in http_response
    'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 418, in error
    return self._call_chain(*args)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 353, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "C:\Python25\lib\urllib2.py", line 499, in http_error_default
    raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp)
urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 504: Gateway Timeout

有任何想法吗?我可能最终需要一些更高级的功能urllib2,所以我不想仅仅求助于 using urllib,而且我想了解这个问题。

4

4 回答 4

16

听起来您已经定义了 urllib2 正在使用的代理设置。当它尝试代理“127.0.0.01/”时,代理放弃并返回 504 错误。

Obscure python urllib2 代理陷阱

proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support)
print opener.open("http://127.0.0.1").read()

# Optional - makes this opener default for urlopen etc.
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
print urllib2.urlopen("http://127.0.0.1").read()
于 2008-10-14T15:49:47.223 回答
1

先调用 urllib2.open 然后调用 urllib.open 是否有相同的结果?只是想知道第一次调用 open 是否会导致 http 服务器忙于超时?

于 2008-10-14T15:06:05.237 回答
1

我不知道发生了什么,但您可能会发现这有助于弄清楚:

>>> import urllib2
>>> urllib2.urlopen('http://mit.edu').read()[:10]
'<!DOCTYPE '
>>> urllib2._opener.handlers[1].set_http_debuglevel(100)
>>> urllib2.urlopen('http://mit.edu').read()[:10]
connect: (mit.edu, 80)
send: 'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: identity\r\nHost: mit.edu\r\nConnection: close\r\nUser-Agent: Python-urllib/2.5\r\n\r\n'
reply: 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n'
header: Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2008 15:52:03 GMT
header: Server: MIT Web Server Apache/1.3.26 Mark/1.5 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.8.9 OpenSSL/0.9.7c
header: Last-Modified: Tue, 14 Oct 2008 04:02:15 GMT
header: ETag: "71d3f96-2895-48f419c7"
header: Accept-Ranges: bytes
header: Content-Length: 10389
header: Connection: close
header: Content-Type: text/html
'<!DOCTYPE '
于 2008-10-14T15:53:19.510 回答
1

urllib.urlopen() 向服务器抛出以下请求:

GET / HTTP/1.0
Host: 127.0.0.1
User-Agent: Python-urllib/1.17

而 urllib2.urlopen() 抛出这个:

GET / HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: identity
Host: 127.0.0.1
Connection: close
User-Agent: Python-urllib/2.5

因此,您的服务器要么不理解 HTTP/1.1,要么不理解额外的标头字段。

于 2008-10-14T15:54:10.460 回答