c# - 如何在 C# 中执行 SHA1 文件校验和？

Question

如何使用SHA1CryptoServiceProvider()文件创建文件的 SHA1 校验和？

Answer 1

using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C:\file\location", FileMode.Open))
using (BufferedStream bs = new BufferedStream(fs))
{
    using (SHA1Managed sha1 = new SHA1Managed())
    {
        byte[] hash = sha1.ComputeHash(bs);
        StringBuilder formatted = new StringBuilder(2 * hash.Length);
        foreach (byte b in hash)
        {
            formatted.AppendFormat("{0:X2}", b);
        }
    }
}

formatted包含 SHA-1 哈希的字符串表示形式。此外，通过使用 aFileStream而不是字节缓冲区，ComputeHash以块的形式计算哈希，因此您不必一次性加载整个文件，这对大文件很有帮助。

Answer 2

使用 ComputeHash 方法。看这里：

计算哈希

示例片段：

using(var cryptoProvider = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider())
{
    string hash = BitConverter
            .ToString(cryptoProvider.ComputeHash(buffer));

    //do something with hash
}

其中 buffer 是文件的内容。

Answer 3

如果您已经将文件作为流读取，则以下技术会在您读取它时计算哈希。唯一需要注意的是，您需要消耗整个流。

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            String sourceFileName = "C:\\test.txt";
            Byte[] shaHash;

            //Use Sha1Managed if you really want sha1
            using (var shaForStream = new SHA256Managed())
            using (Stream sourceFileStream = File.Open(sourceFileName, FileMode.Open))
            using (Stream sourceStream = new CryptoStream(sourceFileStream, shaForStream, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
            {
                //Do something with the sourceStream 
                //NOTE You need to read all the bytes, otherwise you'll get an exception ({"Hash must be finalized before the hash value is retrieved."}) 
                while(sourceStream.ReadByte() != -1);                
                shaHash = shaForStream.Hash;
            }

            Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBase64String(shaHash));
        }
    }

Answer 4

您也可以尝试：

FileStream fop = File.OpenRead(@"C:\test.bin");
string chksum = BitConverter.ToString(System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1.Create().ComputeHash(fop));