2

我想知道如何在没有标准 C 或 C++ 函数的情况下将数字转换为字符串,例如:

char str[20];
int num = 1234;
// How to convert that number to string (str)?

谢谢。

4

5 回答 5

2

要获得最低位,请使用num % 10. 要将数字转换为字符,请添加'0'. 要在处理完后删除最低位,请除以 10 num /= 10;:。重复直到完成。

于 2013-11-08T17:55:41.467 回答
2

使用 C(不是 C++)

假设您正在str为您的问题预分配缓冲区:

char *itostr(int num, char *str) {
    int len = 1;
    long tmp = num;
    int sign = num < 0;
    if (sign) {
        str[0] = '-';
        tmp = -tmp;
    }
    while (num/=10) ++len;
    str[len+sign] = 0;
    while (len--) {
        str[len+sign] = '0'+tmp%10;
        tmp /= 10;
    }
    return str;
}
于 2013-11-08T18:08:24.367 回答
0

适用于所有人的“接受后的答案”,int包括INT_MIN.

static char *intTostring_helper(int i, char *s) {
  if (i < -9) {
    s = intTostring_helper(i/10, s);
  }
  *s++ = (-(i%10)) + '0' ;
  return s;
}

char *intTostring(int i, char *dest) {
  char *s = dest;
  if (i < 0) {  // If non 2s compliment, change to some IsSignBitSet() function.
    *s++ = '-';
  }
  else {
    i = -i;
  }
  s = intTostring_helper(i, s);
  *s = '\0';
  return dest;
}
于 2013-11-08T19:49:43.307 回答
0

逐个字符转换,例如字符串的最后一个字符是'4',前一个字符是'3',依此类推。使用数学来确定字符,创建“4321”字符串然后旋转它可能更容易。

于 2013-11-08T17:54:39.233 回答
-1

一个简单的方法是留下很多前导零。我喜欢它,因为它只使用基本代码,并且不需要任何动态内存分配。因此它也应该非常快:

char * convertToString(int num, str) {
    int val;

    val = num / 1000000000; str[0] = '0' + val; num -= val * 1000000000;
    val = num / 100000000;  str[1] = '0' + val; num -= val * 100000000;
    val = num / 10000000;   str[2] = '0' + val; num -= val * 10000000;
    val = num / 1000000;    str[3] = '0' + val; num -= val * 1000000;
    val = num / 100000;     str[4] = '0' + val; num -= val * 100000;
    val = num / 10000;      str[5] = '0' + val; num -= val * 10000;
    val = num / 1000;       str[6] = '0' + val; num -= val * 1000;
    val = num / 100;        str[7] = '0' + val; num -= val * 100;
    val = num / 10;         str[8] = '0' + val; num -= val * 10;
    val = num;              str[9] = '0' + val;
                            str[10] = '\0';

    return str;
}

当然,您可以对此进行大量调整 - 修改目标数组的创建方式是可能的,例如添加一个表示修剪前导 0 的布尔值。我们可以使用循环来提高效率。这是改进的方法:

void convertToStringFancier(int num, char * returnArrayAtLeast11Bytes, bool trimLeadingZeros) {
    int divisor = 1000000000;
    char str[11];
    int i;
    int val;

    for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i, divisor /= 10) {
        val = num / divisor;
        str[i] = '0' + val;
        num -= val * divisor;
    }
    str[i] = '\0';

    // Note that everything below here is just to get rid of the leading zeros and copy the array, which is longer than the actual number conversion.
    char * ptr = str;
    if (trimLeadingZeros) {
        while (*ptr == '0') { ++ptr; }
        if (*ptr == '\0') { // handle special case when the input was 0
            *(--ptr) = '0';
    }
    for (i = 0; i < 10 && *ptr != '\0'; ++i) {
    while (*ptr != '\0') {
        returnArrayAtLeast11Bytes[i] = *ptr;
    }
    returnArrayAtLeast11Bytes[i] = '\0';
}
于 2013-11-08T18:20:13.523 回答