我正在使用桌面 GUI 设计迈出第一步。我想要实现的是在表格列之一中显示。我希望它们在视觉上具有吸引力并且可以点击。
起初，我认为可以使用 JButton 和一些 hack 来做到这一点，正如这个线程中所建议的那样。但后来我意识到我不知道如何管理标签的动态宽度和拉伸图形以 100% 填充按钮。
我想实现类似于下图的东西。在 HTML+CSS 中很简单，每个标签：
但是如何在 Java 中做到这一点？
信息：我不在乎这是否是 JButton，只要它漂亮、可点击和可拖动即可。
更新
下面的样机代表我想要做的事情。它涉及JTable或多个JLists以及漂浮在单词旁边的那些标签。在 HTML+CSS 中很容易做到，但在 Java 中我几乎不可能做到。
我毫不怀疑有很多方法可以实现这一点，更好的方法是简单地编写一个 UI 委托，但让我们暂时保持它的基本...
（我已经更新了按钮代码，所以我已经将它包含在更新中）
你遇到的问题JTable只是不是为了做你想做的事。分组行和可变行高不容易实现。
这只是一个例子，但我所做的是生成一系列“模仿”您的基本要求的复合组件......
以下使用自己的camrik和SwingLabs，SwingX库 编写的`WrapLayout'
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.LinearGradientPaint;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.Stroke;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.geom.Path2D;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.AbstractButton;
import javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import javax.swing.border.MatteBorder;
import org.jdesktop.swingx.*;
public class TestTagButton {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTagButton();
}
public TestTagButton() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JPanel wordsPane = new JPanel(new VerticalLayout());
wordsPane.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
Word word = new Word("Hand");
word.addTag("body parts", 55);
List<String> translations = new ArrayList<>(3);
translations.add("Reka");
translations.add("Dion");
translations.add("Garsec");
wordsPane.add(new WordGroupPane(word, translations));
word = new Word("Roof");
word.addTag("house", 17);
word.addTag("architecture", 8);
translations = new ArrayList<>(3);
translations.add("Dach");
translations.add("Zadaszenie");
wordsPane.add(new WordGroupPane(word, translations));
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
// frame.add(new JScrollPane(wordsPane));
frame.add(wordsPane);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public static class WordGroupPane extends JPanel {
public WordGroupPane(Word word, List<String> translations) {
setOpaque(false);
setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 2));
add(new WordPane(word));
add(new TranslationsPane(translations));
}
}
public static class TranslationsPane extends JPanel {
protected static final Border SPLIT_BORDER = new MatteBorder(0, 0, 1, 0, Color.GRAY);
public TranslationsPane(List<String> translations) {
setOpaque(false);
setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));
for (String translation : translations) {
JLabel lbl = new JLabel(translation);
lbl.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.LEFT);
lbl.setBorder(SPLIT_BORDER);
add(lbl);
}
}
}
public static class WordPane extends JPanel {
public WordPane(Word word) {
setBorder(new MatteBorder(0, 0, 1, 1, Color.GRAY));
setOpaque(false);
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 0;
gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.NORTH;
gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 8, 10, 8);
JLabel label = new JLabel(word.getWord());
add(label, gbc);
gbc.gridx = 1;
gbc.weightx = 1;
gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
gbc.insets = new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0);
JPanel tagsPane = new JPanel(new WrapLayout(WrapLayout.LEFT));
tagsPane.setOpaque(false);
for (Tag tag : word.getTags()) {
TagButton tb = new TagButton(tag.getText());
Font font = tb.getFont();
font = font.deriveFont(font.getSize() - 3f);
tb.setFont(font);
tb.setTag(Integer.toString(tag.getCount()));
tb.setSelected(true);
tagsPane.add(tb);
}
add(tagsPane, gbc);
}
}
public class Word {
private String word;
private List<Tag> tags;
public Word(String word) {
this.word = word;
this.tags = new ArrayList<>(25);
}
public void addTag(String text, int count) {
addTag(new Tag(text, count));
}
public String getWord() {
return word;
}
public List<Tag> getTags() {
return tags;
}
public void addTag(Tag tag) {
tags.add(tag);
}
}
public class Tag {
private String text;
private int count;
public Tag(String text, int count) {
this.text = text;
this.count = count;
}
public String getText() {
return text;
}
public int getCount() {
return count;
}
}
public static class TagButton extends AbstractButton {
private JLabel renderer;
private String tag;
public TagButton(String text) {
this();
setText(text);
}
public TagButton() {
setModel(new DefaultButtonModel());
setMargin(new Insets(8, 8, 8, 8));
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
getModel().setPressed(true);
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
getModel().setPressed(false);
getModel().setSelected(!isSelected());
}
});
setFont(UIManager.getFont("Button.font"));
}
public void setTag(String value) {
if (tag == null ? value != null : !tag.equals(value)) {
String old = tag;
tag = value;
firePropertyChange("tag", old, tag);
revalidate();
}
}
public String getTag() {
return tag;
}
protected JLabel getRenderer() {
if (renderer == null) {
renderer = new JLabel(getText());
}
return renderer;
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
Insets margin = getMargin();
Dimension size = new Dimension();
size.width = margin.left + margin.right;
size.height = margin.top + margin.bottom;
JLabel renderer = getRenderer();
renderer.setText(getText());
size.width += renderer.getPreferredSize().width;
size.height += renderer.getPreferredSize().height;
size.width += getTagWidth();
return size;
}
protected int getTagWidth() {
JLabel renderer = getRenderer();
renderer.setText(getTag());
renderer.setFont(getFont());
return renderer.getPreferredSize().width + 16;
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
// int fullWidth = getTagWidth() + 8;
int width = getTagWidth() + 8;
int height = getHeight() - 3;
int tagWidth = getWidth() - 1 - width;
Shape insert = new TagInsert(width, height);
int x = getWidth() - width - 1;
if (!isSelected()) {
x -= getTagWidth();
}
x -= 4;
g2d.translate(x, 1);
g2d.setPaint(new Color(242, 95, 0));
g2d.fill(insert);
g2d.setPaint(new Color(222, 83, 0));
g2d.draw(insert);
Stroke stroke = g2d.getStroke();
BasicStroke stitch = new BasicStroke(1f, BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT, BasicStroke.JOIN_MITER, 10f, new float[]{3f}, 0f);
g2d.setStroke(stitch);
g2d.setColor(new Color(167, 65, 1));
g2d.drawLine(0, 2, width, 2);
g2d.drawLine(0, height - 2, width, height - 2);
g2d.setColor(new Color(249, 127, 50));
g2d.drawLine(0, 3, width, 3);
g2d.drawLine(0, height - 1, width, height - 1);
g2d.setStroke(stroke);
if (isSelected()) {
JLabel renderer = getRenderer();
renderer.setFont(getFont());
renderer.setText(getTag());
renderer.setSize(width - 8, renderer.getPreferredSize().height);
renderer.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
renderer.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
int xPos = 4;//((tagWidth - renderer.getWidth()) / 2);
int yPos = (height - renderer.getHeight()) / 2;
g2d.translate(xPos, yPos);
renderer.printAll(g2d);
g2d.translate(-xPos, -yPos);
}
g2d.translate(-x, -1);
height = getHeight() - 1;
Shape baseShape = new TagShape(tagWidth, height);
LinearGradientPaint lgpFill = new LinearGradientPaint(
new Point(0, 0),
new Point(0, getHeight() - 1),
new float[]{0f, 1f},
new Color[]{new Color(248, 248, 248), new Color(241, 241, 241)}
);
g2d.setPaint(lgpFill);
g2d.fill(baseShape);
LinearGradientPaint lgpOutline = new LinearGradientPaint(
new Point(0, 0),
new Point(0, getHeight() - 1),
new float[]{0f, 1f},
new Color[]{UIManager.getColor("Button.shadow"), UIManager.getColor("Button.darkShadow")}
);
g2d.setPaint(lgpOutline);
g2d.draw(baseShape);
JLabel renderer = getRenderer();
renderer.setFont(getFont());
renderer.setText(getText());
renderer.setSize(renderer.getPreferredSize());
renderer.setForeground(getForeground());
x = (tagWidth - renderer.getWidth()) / 2;
int y = (height - renderer.getHeight()) / 2;
renderer.setLocation(x, y);
g2d.translate(x, y);
renderer.printAll(g2d);
g2d.translate(-x, -y);
g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
// g2d.drawRect(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
protected static class TagInsert extends Path2D.Float {
public TagInsert(float width, float height) {
float gap = 3;
float radius = (height - (gap * 5)) / 4f;
moveTo(0, 0);
lineTo(width, 0);
float yPos = 0;
lineTo(width, 1);
float topY = gap;
for (int index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
float bottomY = topY + radius;
float x = width - (radius / 2);
lineTo(width, topY);
curveTo(x, topY, x, bottomY, width, bottomY);
topY += radius;
topY += gap;
lineTo(width, topY);
}
lineTo(width, height);
lineTo(0, height);
lineTo(0, 0);
}
}
protected static class TagShape extends Path2D.Float {
protected static final float RADIUS = 8;
public TagShape(float width, float height) {
moveTo(RADIUS, 0);
lineTo(width, 0);
float clip = RADIUS / 2f;
float topY = (height / 2f) - clip;
float bottomY = (height / 2f) + clip;
lineTo(width, topY);
curveTo(width - clip, topY, width - clip, bottomY, width, bottomY);
lineTo(width, height);
lineTo(RADIUS, height);
curveTo(0, height, 0, height, 0, height - RADIUS);
lineTo(0, RADIUS);
curveTo(0, 0, 0, 0, RADIUS, 0);
}
}
}
使用 javafx 按钮而不是摇摆。javafx 按钮具有 css 属性。
根据您的要求，这似乎JButton是一个很好的起点，因为它拥有您想要的大部分内容。
就宽度而言，您很可能需要子类JButton化，以便您可以在构造函数中更新宽度，如下所示：
private static class FancyButton extends JButton{
public FancyButton(String name) {
super(name);
//Calculate new width
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(newWidth, 30));
}
}
或者有一种方法来设置确定和设置宽度的按钮。