您的来电
glTexImage2D（GL_TEXTURE_2D，0，颜色，表面->w，表面->h，0，纹理格式，GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE，表面->像素）；
是个问题。
第三个参数错误：
http://www.opengl.org/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glTexImage2D.xml
内部格式
Specifies the number of color components in the texture.
Must be one of base internal formats given in Table 1,
one of the sized internal formats given in Table 2, or one
of the compressed internal formats given in Table 3, below.
我怀疑你希望你是 GL_RGBA （或者你希望 opengl 以什么格式存储你的纹理）
编辑：
我现在才看到它，但是您在片段着色器中只使用了 3 个通道。Blended 功能要求您使用 4 个通道，否则 Alpha 通道将被弄乱。
我认为您的“主要”问题出在其他地方，因为那应该只是使整个表面的颜色保持不变。（不是您看到的“垃圾”）
我很快写了这个程序，它主要做你在做的事情。我认为它比我的存储库更能帮助你，因为它直截了当。
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_opengl.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_ttf.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
SDL_Window *window = NULL;
SDL_GLContext context = NULL;
TTF_Font* font = NULL;
SDL_Surface* surface = NULL;
//OpenGL Objects
GLuint vao;
GLuint vbo;
GLuint texture;
//Shader Objects
GLuint program;
GLuint vs;
GLuint fs;
//Sampler Object
GLuint uniformSampler;
//Callback Function
APIENTRY GLvoid debugMessageCallbackFunction( GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity,
GLsizei length, const GLchar* message, GLvoid* userParam)
{
cerr << endl << "\t" << message << endl;
}
//The shaders are identical to yours
const string fragmentShaderString =
"#version 130\n" // My laptop can't do OpenGL 3.3 so 3.0 will have to do
"in vec2 texCoord;\n"
"in vec4 fragColor;\n"
"\n"
"out vec4 finalColor;\n"
"\n"
"uniform sampler2D myTextureSampler;\n"
"void main() {\n"
" finalColor = texture( myTextureSampler, texCoord ) * fragColor;\n"
"}";
const string vertexShaderString =
"#version 130\n"
"\n"
"in vec3 vert;\n"
"in vec4 color;\n"
"in vec2 texcoord;\n"
"\n"
"out vec4 fragColor;\n"
"out vec2 texCoord;\n"
"void main() {\n"
" fragColor = color;\n"
" gl_Position = vec4(vert, 1);\n"
" texCoord = texcoord;\n"
"}\n";
//Your vertices, but I changed alpha to 1.0f
const GLfloat vertices[] =
{
//X Y Z R G B A U V
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.f, 1.f,
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.f, 1.f,
-1.0f, -0.4f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.f, 0.f,
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.f, 1.f,
1.0f, -0.4f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.f, 0.f,
-1.0f, -0.4f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.f, 0.f
};
int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
//Create Window and Context
window = SDL_CreateWindow("SDL Text with OpenGL", 0, 0, 640, 480, SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
//Set Core Context
SDL_GL_SetAttribute( SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION, 3 );
SDL_GL_SetAttribute( SDL_GL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION, 1 );
SDL_GL_SetAttribute(SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_MASK, SDL_GL_CONTEXT_PROFILE_CORE);
context = SDL_GL_CreateContext(window);
//Simple OpenGL State Settings
glViewport( 0.f, 0.f, 640.f, 480.f);
glClearColor( 0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
//Init Glew
//Set glewExperimental for Core Context
glewExperimental=true;
glewInit();
//Set Blending
//Required so that the alpha channels show up from the surface
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
//Simple callback function for GL errors
glDebugMessageCallbackARB(debugMessageCallbackFunction, NULL);
//Create Shaders
vs = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
fs = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
//Source Pointers
const GLchar* vsSource= &vertexShaderString[0];
const GLchar* fsSource = &fragmentShaderString[0];
//Set Source
glShaderSource(vs, 1, &vsSource, NULL);
glShaderSource(fs, 1, &fsSource, NULL);
//Compile Shaders
glCompileShader(fs);
glCompileShader(vs);
//Create Shader Program
program = glCreateProgram();
//Attach Shaders to Program
glAttachShader(program, vs);
glAttachShader(program, fs);
//No need for shaders anymore
glDeleteShader(vs);
glDeleteShader(fs);
//Set Attribute Locations
glBindAttribLocation(program, 0, "vert");
glBindAttribLocation(program, 1, "color");
glBindAttribLocation(program, 2, "texcoord");
//Link Program
glLinkProgram(program);
//Setup VAO and VBO
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(GLfloat) * 9 * 6, vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 9 * sizeof(GLfloat), NULL);
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 9 * sizeof(GLfloat),(GLvoid*)(3*sizeof(GLfloat)));
glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 9 * sizeof(GLfloat),(GLvoid*)(7*sizeof(GLfloat)));
//Init TTF
TTF_Init();
//Open Font
font = TTF_OpenFont("DroidSansFallbackFull.ttf", 30);
SDL_Color color = {255, 255, 255, 255};
//Create Surface
surface = TTF_RenderUTF8_Blended(font, "This is TEXT!", color);
//Your format checker
GLenum format = (surface->format->BytesPerPixel==3)?GL_RGB:GL_RGBA;
//Create OpenGL Texture
glGenTextures(1, &texture);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, format, surface->w, surface->h, 0,
format, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, surface->pixels);
//Set Some basic parameters
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
//Set up Sampler
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
uniformSampler = glGetUniformLocation(program, "myTextureSampler");
//It defaults to using GL_TEXTURE0, so it's not necessary to set it
//in this program it's generally a good idea.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// DRAW STAGE
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
glUseProgram(program);
//glBindVertexArray(vao); - still in use
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);
SDL_GL_SwapWindow(window);
//Sleep for 2s before closing
SDL_Delay(2000);
}
我没有做任何错误检查或关闭任何资源，因为它只是作为参考而不是被使用。
通常我不使用glew，但是编写代码来手动获取这样一个小程序的功能似乎毫无意义。
它编译为
g++ source.cpp -g -lSDL2 -lSDL2_ttf -lGL -GLEW -o demo
在 Linux 上。您可能需要对 Windows 进行一些调整（头文件可能会略有变化，库也会发生变化），我认为它可以在 Mac 上正常工作。
编辑2：
要使用 mingw 在 Windows 上编译它，您需要将 APIENTRY 添加到回调函数，并且 main 应该有参数。更改代码以反映这一点。
经过测试，它可以在 Windows 和 linux 上运行。（前提是您的实现可以访问 GL_ARB_debug_callback 扩展，如果不只是将其注释掉）
