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我发现 EF 启动缓慢的很大一部分可能与从数据库中获取提供程序信息有关。这在运行集成测试或进行其他迭代开发时非常烦人。谁能解释为什么获取提供者信息很慢或者可以做些什么？我们正在使用 EF5。

这是一个演示此行为的示例：

void Main()
{
    Database.SetInitializer<ModelDbContext>(null);
    Database.SetInitializer<ModelCreatingDbContext>(null);

    // passing the provider information in is very fast
    var sw2 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
    var builder = new DbModelBuilder();
    builder.Entity<SqlConnectionStringBuilder>().HasKey(c => c.ConnectionString).ToTable("strings");
    var q2 = new ModelDbContext(builder.Build(new DbProviderInfo("System.Data.SqlClient", "2008")).Compile()).Set<SqlConnectionStringBuilder>().Take(1).ToString();
    Console.WriteLine(sw2.Elapsed); // < 1 second

    // letting EF determine it from the connection string is sometimes very slow
    var sw1 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
    var q = new ModelCreatingDbContext().Set<SqlConnectionStringBuilder>().Take(1).ToString();
    Console.WriteLine(sw1.Elapsed); // can be upwards of 13 seconds!

}

public class ModelDbContext : DbContext {
    public static readonly string Connection = // connection string here

    public ModelDbContext(DbCompiledModel model) 
        : base(Connection, model) { }
}

public class ModelCreatingDbContext : DbContext {
    public ModelCreatingDbContext() : base(ModelDbContext.Connection) { }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder builder) {
        builder.Entity<SqlConnectionStringBuilder>().HasKey(c => c.ConnectionString).ToTable("strings");

        base.OnModelCreating(builder);
    }
}
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