19

我需要在 SQL Server 中创建一个函数，该函数返回夏令时开始日期时间和夏令时结束日期时间。

我在网上遇到了一些例子，但是它们都使用 3 月 1 日和 11 月 1 日，这在技术上并不正确。

夏令时从 3 月第 2 个星期日凌晨 2 点开始，到 11 月第一个星期日凌晨 2 点结束。

我从下面的代码开始，但我确定它是错误的。任何帮助表示赞赏！:)

DECLARE @DSTSTART DATETIME

SELECT @DSTSTART = CASE WHEN 
DATEPART(MONTH, SYSDATETIME()) = 3
AND DATEPART(weekday, SYSDATETIME()) = 1
AND DATEDIFF(week,dateadd(week, datediff(week, 0, dateadd(month, datediff(month, 0, SYSDATETIME()), 0)), 0), SYSDATETIME() - 1) = 2
AND DATEPART(HOUR, SYSDATETIME()) = 2
THEN SYSDATETIME()
END
RETURN (@DSTSTART)
END
GO
4

4 回答 4

18

不要忘记夏令时时间表会因国家/地区而异，并且随着时间的推移也会发生变化：例如，当前的美国系统于 2007 年生效。

假设您想要美国当前的系统，这是任何给定年份的答案的一种形式。

SET DATEFIRST 7

DECLARE @year INT = 2013
DECLARE
    @StartOfMarch DATETIME ,
    @StartOfNovember DATETIME ,
    @DstStart DATETIME ,
    @DstEnd DATETIME



SET @StartOfMarch = DATEADD(MONTH, 2, DATEADD(YEAR, @year - 1900, 0))
SET @StartOfNovember = DATEADD(MONTH, 10, DATEADD(YEAR, @year - 1900, 0));
SET @DstStart = DATEADD(HOUR, 2,
                        DATEADD(day,
                                ( ( 15 - DATEPART(dw, @StartOfMarch) ) % 7 )
                                + 7, @StartOfMarch))
SET @DstEnd = DATEADD(HOUR, 2,
                      DATEADD(day,
                              ( ( 8 - DATEPART(dw, @StartOfNovember) ) % 7 ),
                              @StartOfNovember))


SELECT
    @DstStart AS DstStartInUS ,
    @DstEnd AS DstEndInUS

或作为函数，但您必须知道 DateFirst 设置为 7，否则数学将关闭。

CREATE FUNCTION GetDstStart ( @Year AS INT )
RETURNS DATETIME
AS
    BEGIN

        DECLARE
            @StartOfMarch DATETIME ,
            @DstStart DATETIME 

        SET @StartOfMarch = DATEADD(MONTH, 2,
                                    DATEADD(YEAR, @year - 1900, 0))
        SET @DstStart = DATEADD(HOUR, 2,
                                DATEADD(day,
                                        ( ( 15 - DATEPART(dw,
                                                          @StartOfMarch) )
                                          % 7 ) + 7, @StartOfMarch))
        RETURN @DstStart
    END

GO;


CREATE FUNCTION GetDstEnd ( @Year AS INT )
RETURNS DATETIME
AS
    BEGIN
        DECLARE
            @StartOfNovember DATETIME ,
            @DstEnd DATETIME

        SET @StartOfNovember = DATEADD(MONTH, 10,
                                       DATEADD(YEAR, @year - 1900, 0))
        SET @DstEnd = DATEADD(HOUR, 2,
                              DATEADD(day,
                                      ( ( 8 - DATEPART(dw,
                                                       @StartOfNovember) )
                                        % 7 ), @StartOfNovember))
        RETURN @DstEnd
    END
于 2013-11-01T19:09:18.743 回答
7

就个人而言，我认为找到 11 月的第一个星期日比找到 3 月的第二个星期日更容易。幸运的是，如果你找到了一个，你可以找到另一个，因为它们之间总是有 238 天。所以这里有一个方便的函数来查找 Dst 的结尾：

create function GetDstEnd (
                           @Year int
                          )
returns datetime
as
begin

   declare @DstEnd datetime;

   ;with FirstWeekOfNovember
   as (
       select top(7)
              cast(@Year as char(4))
            + '-11-0'
            + cast(row_number() over(order by object_id) as char(1))
            + ' 02:00:00'
              'DST_Stops'
         from sys.columns
      )
   select @DstEnd = DST_Stops
     from FirstWeekOfNovember
    where datepart(weekday,DST_Stops) = 1

   return @DstEnd;

end;

现在 Dst 的开始是相同的功能，只是提前了 238 天。

create function GetDstStart (
                             @Year int
                            )
returns datetime
as
begin;

   declare @DstStart datetime;

   ;with FirstWeekOfNovember
   as (
       select top(7)
              cast(@Year as char(4))
            + '-11-0'
            + cast(row_number() over(order by object_id) as char(1))
            + ' 02:00:00'
              'DST_Stops'
         from sys.columns
      )
   select @DstStart = dateadd(day,-238,DST_Stops)
     from FirstWeekOfNovember
    where datepart(weekday,DST_Stops) = 1

   return @DstStart;

end;
go
于 2015-05-22T19:50:14.763 回答
3

SQL Server 2016 版将一劳永逸地解决这个问题。对于早期版本，CLR 解决方案可能是最简单的。或者对于特定的 DST 规则（仅限美国），T-SQL 函数可以相对简单。

但是，我认为通用的 T-SQL 解决方案可能是可能的。只要xp_regread有效，试试这个：

CREATE TABLE #tztable (Value varchar(50), Data binary(56));
DECLARE @tzname varchar(150) = 'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation'
EXEC master.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', @tzname, 'TimeZoneKeyName', @tzname OUT;
SELECT @tzname = 'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Time Zones\' + @tzname
INSERT INTO #tztable
EXEC master.dbo.xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', @tzname, 'TZI';
SELECT                                                                                  -- See http://msdn.microsoft.com/ms725481
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data,  1, 4)) AS binary(4))      AS int) AS BiasMinutes,   -- UTC = local + bias: > 0 in US, < 0 in Europe!
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data,  5, 4)) AS binary(4))      AS int) AS ExtraBias_Std, --   0 for most timezones
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data,  9, 4)) AS binary(4))      AS int) AS ExtraBias_DST, -- -60 for most timezones: DST makes UTC 1 hour earlier
 -- When DST ends:
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 13, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdYear,       -- 0 = yearly (else once)
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 15, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdMonth,      -- 0 = no DST
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 17, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdDayOfWeek,  -- 0 = Sunday to 6 = Saturday
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 19, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdWeek,       -- 1 to 4, or 5 = last <DayOfWeek> of <Month>
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 21, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdHour,       -- Local time
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 23, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdMinute,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 25, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdSecond,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 27, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS StdMillisec,
 -- When DST starts:
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 29, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTYear,       -- See above
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 31, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTMonth,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 33, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTDayOfWeek,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 35, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTWeek,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 37, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTHour,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 39, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTMinute,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 41, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTSecond,
 CAST(CAST(REVERSE(SUBSTRING(Data, 43, 2)) AS binary(2)) AS smallint) AS DSTMillisec
FROM #tztable;
DROP TABLE #tztable

一个（复杂的）T-SQL 函数可以使用此数据来确定当前 DST 规则期间所有日期的确切偏移量。

于 2016-03-30T22:20:37.197 回答
1

我对在网上找到的将 UTC 转换为本地时间的任何解决方案都不满意，所以我想出了这个功能。在这里查看我的 SO 答案

那里有一些逻辑可以根据 DST 使用的标准日期范围计算夏令时是否有效（3 月的第二个星期日凌晨 2 点，时钟向前移动；11 月的第一个星期日恢复到标准时间）

于 2018-09-26T15:03:36.927 回答