非常感谢@CosminRatiu和Eugene的回复;多亏了这些,我发现:
...我可以用它来开发我在这里发布的示例,testhrarr.c
内核模块/驱动程序和Makefile
(下)。它演示了硬件观察点跟踪可以通过两种方式实现:使用perf
程序,它可以探测驱动程序不变;或者通过向驱动程序添加一些硬件断点代码(在示例中,由HWDEBUG_STACK
定义变量封装)。
本质上,标准原子变量类型(如 int(如runcount
变量))的调试内容很简单,只要它们在内核模块中定义为全局变量,因此它们最终会显示为全局内核符号。因此,下面的代码testhrarr_
为变量添加了 as 前缀(以避免命名冲突)。但是,由于需要取消引用,调试数组的内容可能有点棘手——这就是本文所演示的,调试testhrarr_arr
数组的第一个字节。它是在:
$ echo `cat /etc/lsb-release`
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=11.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=natty DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 11.04"
$ uname -a
Linux mypc 2.6.38-16-generic #67-Ubuntu SMP Thu Sep 6 18:00:43 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "model name"
model name : Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N450 @ 1.66GHz
model name : Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N450 @ 1.66GHz
该testhrarr
模块基本上在模块初始化时为一个小数组分配内存,设置一个计时器函数,并公开一个/proc/testhrarr_proc
文件(使用较新的proc_create
接口)。然后,尝试从/proc/testhrarr_proc
文件中读取(例如,使用cat
)将触发计时器功能,该功能将修改testhrarr_arr
数组值,并将消息转储到/var/log/syslog
. 我们预计testhrarr_arr[0]
在运行期间会发生 3 次变化;一次testhrarr_startup
,两次testhrarr_timer_function
(由于包装)。
使用perf
使用 构建模块后make
,您可以使用以下命令加载它:
sudo insmod ./testhrarr.ko
那时,/var/log/syslog
将包含:
kernel: [40277.199913] Init testhrarr: 0 ; HZ: 250 ; 1/HZ (ms): 4 ; hrres: 0.000000001
kernel: [40277.199930] Addresses: _runcount 0xf84be22c ; _arr 0xf84be2a0 ; _arr[0] 0xed182a80 (0xed182a80) ; _timer_function 0xf84bc1c3 ; my_hrtimer 0xf84be260; my_hrt.f 0xf84be27c
kernel: [40277.220329] HW Breakpoint for testhrarr_arr write installed (0xf84be2a0)
请注意,仅testhrarr_arr
作为硬件观察点的符号传递会扫描该变量的地址 ( 0xf84be2a0
),而不是数组的第一个元素的地址 ( 0xed182a80
)!正因为如此,硬件断点不会触发 - 所以行为将就好像硬件断点代码根本不存在(这可以通过取消定义来实现HWDEBUG_STACK
)!
所以,即使没有通过内核模块代码设置硬件断点,我们仍然可以perf
用来观察内存地址的变化——在 中perf
,我们指定了我们想要观察的地址(这里是 , 的第一个元素的地址testhrarr_arr
)0xed182a80
,和应该运行的进程:这里我们运行bash
,所以我们可以执行一个cat /proc/testhrarr_proc
which 将触发内核模块计时器,然后执行一个sleep 0.5
which 将允许计时器完成。该-a
参数也是需要的,否则可能会错过一些事件:
$ sudo perf record -a --call-graph --event=mem:0xed182a80:w bash -c 'cat /proc/testhrarr_proc ; sleep 0.5'
testhrarr proc: startup
[ perf record: Woken up 1 times to write data ]
[ perf record: Captured and wrote 0.485 MB perf.data (~21172 samples) ]
此时,/var/log/syslog
还将包含以下内容:
[40822.114964] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 0
[40822.114980] testhrarr jiffies 10130528 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822114975062
[40822.118956] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 1
[40822.118977] testhrarr jiffies 10130529 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822118973195
[40822.122940] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 2
[40822.122956] testhrarr jiffies 10130530 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822122951143
[40822.126962] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 3
[40822.126978] testhrarr jiffies 10130531 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822126973583
[40822.130941] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 4
[40822.130961] testhrarr jiffies 10130532 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822130955167
[40822.134940] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 5
[40822.134962] testhrarr jiffies 10130533 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822134958888
[40822.138936] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 6
[40822.138958] testhrarr jiffies 10130534 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822138955693
[40822.142940] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 7
[40822.142962] testhrarr jiffies 10130535 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822142959345
[40822.146936] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 8
[40822.146957] testhrarr jiffies 10130536 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822146954479
[40822.150949] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 9
[40822.150970] testhrarr jiffies 10130537 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 40822150963438
[40822.154974] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 10
[40822.154988] 测试 [5, 7, 9, 11, 13, ]
perf
要读取(名为 的文件)的捕获,perf.data
我们可以使用:
$ sudo perf report --call-graph flat --stdio
没有找到带有 build-id 5031df4d8668bcc45a7bdb4023909c6f8e2d3d34 的 kallsyms 或 vmlinux
[testhrarr] 构建 id 为 5031df4d8668bcc45a7bdb4023909c6f8e2d3d34 未找到,继续无符号
无法打开 /bin/cat,继续没有符号
无法打开 /usr/lib/libpixman-1.so.0.20.2,继续没有符号
无法打开 /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so,继续没有符号
无法打开 /usr/bin/Xorg,继续没有符号
# 事件:5 未知
#
# 开销命令共享对象符号
# …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………
#
87.50% Xorg [testhrarr] [k] testhrarr_timer_function
87.50%
testhrarr_timer_function
__run_hrtimer
hrtimer_interrupt
smp_apic_timer_interrupt
apic_timer_interrupt
0x30185d
0x2ed701
0x2ed8cc
0x2edba0
0x9d0386
0x8126fc8
0x81217a1
0x811bdd3
0x8070aa7
0x806281c
__libc_start_main
0x8062411
6.25% 猫 [testhrarr] [k] testhrarr_timer_function
6.25%
testhrarr_timer_function
testhrarr_proc_show
seq_read
proc_reg_read
vfs_read
sys_read
syscall_call
0xaa2416
0x8049f4d
__libc_start_main
0x8049081
3.12% 交换器 [testhrarr] [k] testhrarr_timer_function
3.12%
testhrarr_timer_function
__run_hrtimer
hrtimer_interrupt
smp_apic_timer_interrupt
apic_timer_interrupt
cpuidle_idle_call
cpu_idle
start_secondary
3.12% 猫 [testhrarr] [k] 0x356
3.12%
0xf84bc356
0xf84bc3a7
seq_read
proc_reg_read
vfs_read
sys_read
syscall_call
0xaa2416
0x8049f4d
__libc_start_main
0x8049081
#
# (对于更高级别的概述,请尝试:perf report --sort comm,dso)
#
因此,由于我们正在构建带有调试功能的内核模块(-g
在 中Makefile
),因此perf
即使实时内核不是调试内核,找到该模块的符号也不成问题。因此,它testhrarr_timer_function
在大多数情况下都正确地解释为 setter,尽管它没有报告testhrarr_startup
(但它确实报告testhrarr_proc_show
了调用它的人)。还有一些无法解决的参考0xf84bc3a7
;0xf84bc356
但是,请注意该模块是在以下位置加载的0xf84bc000
:
$ sudo cat /proc/modules | grep testhr
testhrarr 13433 0 - Live 0xf84bc000
...并且该条目也以...[k] 0x356
;开头 如果我们查看objdump
内核模块:
$ objdump -S testhrarr.ko | 少
...
00000323:
静态无效 testhrarr_startup(void)
{
...
testhrarr_arr[0] = 0; //只是第一个元素
34b: a1 80 00 00 00 移动 0x80,%eax
350: c7 00 00 00 00 00 移动 $0x0,(%eax)
hrtimer_start(&my_hrtimer, ktime_period_ns, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
356: c7 04 24 01 00 00 00 移动 $0x1,(%esp) **********
35d: 8b 15 1c 00 00 00 移动 0x1c,%edx
...
00000375:
静态 int testhrarr_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) {
...
seq_printf(m, "testhrarr proc: 启动\n");
38f: c7 44 24 04 79 00 00 移动 $0x79,0x4(%esp)
396:00
397: 8b 45 fc mov -0x4(%ebp),%eax
39a: 89 04 24 mov %eax,(%esp)
39d: e8 fc ff ff ff 调用 39e
testhrarr_startup();
3a2: e8 7c ff ff ff 呼叫 323
3a7: eb 1c jmp 3c5 **********
} 别的 {
seq_printf(m, "testhrarr proc: (正在运行, %d)\n", testhrarr_runcount);
3a9: a1 0c 00 00 00 移动 0xc,%eax
...
...所以0xf84bc356
显然是指hrtimer_start
; 和0xf84bc3a7
->3a7
指的是它的调用testhrarr_proc_show
函数;谢天谢地,这是有道理的。(请注意,我体验过不同版本的驱动程序,_start
可以显示,并且timer_function
用纯粹的地址表示;不确定这是什么原因)。
但是,一个问题perf
是它给了我这些函数发生的统计“开销”(不确定这是指什么——可能是函数进入和退出之间花费的时间?)——但我真正想要的是顺序的堆栈跟踪日志。不确定是否perf
可以为此设置 - 但肯定可以使用内核模块代码来完成硬件断点。
使用内核模块硬件断点
中的代码HWDEBUG_STACK
实现了硬件断点设置和处理。如前所述,符号的默认设置ksym_name
(如果未指定)是testhrarr_arr
,它根本不会触发硬件断点。ksym_name
参数可以在命令行中指定insmod
;在这里我们可以注意到:
$ sudo rmmod testhrarr # remove module if still loaded
$ sudo insmod ./testhrarr.ko ksym=testhrarr_arr[0]
... 结果为HW Breakpoint for testhrarr_arr[0] write installed (0x (null))
in /var/log/syslog
; - 这意味着我们不能使用带括号符号的符号进行数组访问;谢天谢地,这里的空指针只是意味着硬件断点不会再次触发;它不会使操作系统完全崩溃:)
但是,有一个全局变量用于引用testhrarr_arr
数组的第一个元素,称为testhrarr_arr_first
- 注意这个全局变量在代码中是如何特殊处理的,需要取消引用,以便获得正确的地址。所以我们这样做:
$ sudo rmmod testhrarr # remove module if still loaded
$ sudo insmod ./testhrarr.ko ksym=testhrarr_arr_first
...并且系统日志通知:
kernel: [43910.509726] Init testhrarr: 0 ; HZ: 250 ; 1/HZ (ms): 4 ; hrres: 0.000000001
kernel: [43910.509765] Addresses: _runcount 0xf84be22c ; _arr 0xf84be2a0 ; _arr[0] 0xedf6c5c0 (0xedf6c5c0) ; _timer_function 0xf84bc1c3 ; my_hrtimer 0xf84be260; my_hrt.f 0xf84be27c
kernel: [43910.538535] HW Breakpoint for testhrarr_arr_first write installed (0xedf6c5c0)
...我们可以看到 HW 断点设置在0xedf6c5c0
,也就是 的地址testhrarr_arr[0]
。现在,如果我们通过文件触发驱动程序/proc
:
$ cat /proc/testhrarr_proc
testhrarr proc: startup
...我们获得syslog
:
内核:[44069.735695] testhrarr_arr_first 值已更改
[44069.735711] Pid:29320,通讯:猫未污染 2.6.38-16-generic #67-Ubuntu
[44069.735719] 呼叫跟踪:
[44069.735737] [] ? sample_hbp_handler+0x2d/0x3b [testhrarr]
[44069.735755] [] ? __perf_event_overflow+0x90/0x240
[44069.735768] [] ? proc_alloc_inode+0x23/0x90
[44069.735778] [] ? proc_alloc_inode+0x23/0x90
[44069.735790] [] ? perf_swevent_event+0x136/0x140
[44069.735801] [] ? perf_bp_event+0x70/0x80
[44069.735812] [] ? prep_new_page+0x110/0x1a0
[44069.735824] [] ? get_page_from_freelist+0x12e/0x320
[44069.735836] [] ? seq_open+0x3d/0xa0
[44069.735848] [] ? hw_breakpoint_handler.clone.0+0x102/0x130
[44069.735861] [] ? hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify+0x22/0x30
[44069.735872] [] ? notifier_call_chain+0x45/0x60
[44069.735883] [] ? atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x22/0x30
[44069.735894] [] ? notify_die+0x2d/0x30
[44069.735904] [] ? do_debug+0x88/0x180
[44069.735915] [] ? debug_stack_correct+0x30/0x38
[44069.735928] [] ? testhrarr_startup+0x33/0x52 [testhrarr]
[44069.735940] [] ? testhrarr_proc_show+0x32/0x57 [testhrarr]
[44069.735952] [] ? seq_read+0x145/0x390
[44069.735963] [] ? seq_read+0x0/0x390
[44069.735973] [] ? proc_reg_read+0x64/0xa0
[44069.735985] [] ? vfs_read+0x9f/0x160
[44069.735995] [] ? proc_reg_read+0x0/0xa0
[44069.736003] [] ? 系统读取+0x42/0x70
[44069.736013] [] ? 系统调用+0x7/0xb
[44069.736019] 从 sample_hbp_handler 转储堆栈
[44069.740132] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 0
[44069.740146] testhrarr jiffies 10942435 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069740142485
[44069.740159] testhrarr_arr_first 值已更改
[44069.740169] Pid:4302,comm:gnome-terminal 未污染 2.6.38-16-generic #67-Ubuntu
[44069.740176] 呼叫跟踪:
[44069.740195] [] ? sample_hbp_handler+0x2d/0x3b [testhrarr]
[44069.740213] [] ? __perf_event_overflow+0x90/0x240
[44069.740227] [] ? perf_swevent_event+0x136/0x140
[44069.740239] [] ? perf_bp_event+0x70/0x80
[44069.740253] [] ? sched_clock_local+0xd3/0x1c0
[44069.740267] [] ? 格式解码+0x323/0x380
[44069.740280] [] ? hw_breakpoint_handler.clone.0+0x102/0x130
[44069.740292] [] ? hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify+0x22/0x30
[44069.740302] [] ? notifier_call_chain+0x45/0x60
[44069.740313] [] ? atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x22/0x30
[44069.740324] [] ? notify_die+0x2d/0x30
[44069.740335] [] ? do_debug+0x88/0x180
[44069.740345] [] ? debug_stack_correct+0x30/0x38
[44069.740364] [] ? init_intel_cacheinfo+0x103/0x394
[44069.740379] [] ? testhrarr_timer_function+0xed/0x160 [testhrarr]
[44069.740391] [] ? __run_hrtimer+0x6f/0x190
[44069.740404] [] ? testhrarr_timer_function+0x0/0x160 [testhrarr]
[44069.740416] [] ? hrtimer_interrupt+0x108/0x240
[44069.740430] [] ? smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x56/0x8a
[44069.740441] [] ? apic_timer_interrupt+0x31/0x38
[44069.740453] [] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x15/0x20
[44069.740465] [] ? try_to_del_timer_sync+0x67/0xb0
[44069.740476] [] ? del_timer_sync+0x29/0x50
[44069.740486] [] ? flush_delayed_work+0x13/0x40
[44069.740500] [] ? tty_flush_to_ldisc+0x12/0x20
[44069.740510] [] ? n_tty_poll+0x4f/0x190
[44069.740523] [] ? tty_poll+0x6d/0x90
[44069.740531] [] ? n_tty_poll+0x0/0x190
[44069.740542] [] ? do_poll.clone.3+0xd0/0x210
[44069.740553] [] ? do_sys_poll+0x134/0x1e0
[44069.740563] [] ? __pollwait+0x0/0xd0
[44069.740572] [] ? 轮询唤醒+0x0/0x60
...
[44069.740742] [] ? 轮询唤醒+0x0/0x60
[44069.740757] [] ? rw_verify_area+0x6c/0x130
[44069.740770] [] ? ktime_get_ts+0xf8/0x120
[44069.740781] [] ? poll_select_set_timeout+0x64/0x70
[44069.740793] [] ? sys_poll+0x5a/0xd0
[44069.740804] [] ? 系统调用+0x7/0xb
[44069.740815] [] ? init_intel_cacheinfo+0x23/0x394
[44069.740822] 从 sample_hbp_handler 转储堆栈
[44069.744130] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 1
[44069.744143] testhrarr jiffies 10942436 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069744140055
[44069.748132] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 2
[44069.748145] testhrarr jiffies 10942437 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069748141271
[44069.752131] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 3
[44069.752145] testhrarr jiffies 10942438 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069752141164
[44069.756131] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 4
[44069.756141] testhrarr jiffies 10942439 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069756138318
[44069.760130] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 5
[44069.760141] testhrarr jiffies 10942440 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069760138469
[44069.760154] testhrarr_arr_first 值已更改
[44069.760164] Pid:4302,comm:gnome-terminal 未污染 2.6.38-16-generic #67-Ubuntu
[44069.760170] 呼叫跟踪:
[44069.760187] [] ? sample_hbp_handler+0x2d/0x3b [testhrarr]
[44069.760202] [] ? __perf_event_overflow+0x90/0x240
[44069.760213] [] ? perf_swevent_event+0x136/0x140
[44069.760224] [] ? perf_bp_event+0x70/0x80
[44069.760235] [] ? sched_clock_local+0xd3/0x1c0
[44069.760247] [] ? 格式解码+0x323/0x380
[44069.760258] [] ? hw_breakpoint_handler.clone.0+0x102/0x130
[44069.760269] [] ? hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify+0x22/0x30
[44069.760279] [] ? notifier_call_chain+0x45/0x60
[44069.760289] [] ? atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x22/0x30
[44069.760299] [] ? notify_die+0x2d/0x30
[44069.760308] [] ? do_debug+0x88/0x180
[44069.760318] [] ? debug_stack_correct+0x30/0x38
[44069.760334] [] ? init_intel_cacheinfo+0x103/0x394
[44069.760345] [] ? testhrarr_timer_function+0xed/0x160 [testhrarr]
[44069.760356] [] ? __run_hrtimer+0x6f/0x190
[44069.760366] [] ? send_to_group.clone.1+0xf8/0x150
[44069.760376] [] ? testhrarr_timer_function+0x0/0x160 [testhrarr]
[44069.760387] [] ? hrtimer_interrupt+0x108/0x240
[44069.760396] [] ? fsnotify+0x1a5/0x290
[44069.760407] [] ? smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x56/0x8a
[44069.760416] [] ? apic_timer_interrupt+0x31/0x38
[44069.760428] [] ? mem_cgroup_resize_limit+0x108/0x1c0
[44069.760437] [] ? fput+0x0/0x30
[44069.760446] [] ? sys_write+0x67/0x70
[44069.760455] [] ? 系统调用+0x7/0xb
[44069.760464] [] ? init_intel_cacheinfo+0x23/0x394
[44069.760470] 从 sample_hbp_handler 转储堆栈
[44069.764134] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 6
[44069.764147] testhrarr jiffies 10942441 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069764144141
[44069.768133] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 7
[44069.768146] testhrarr jiffies 10942442 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069768142976
[44069.772134] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 8
[44069.772148] testhrarr jiffies 10942443 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069772144121
[44069.776132] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 9
[44069.776145] testhrarr jiffies 10942444 ; 转:1;ktnsec: 44069776141971
[44069.780133] testhrarr_timer_function:testhrarr_runcount 10
[44069.780141] 测试 [5, 7, 9, 11, 13, ]
...正如预期的那样,我们准确地得到了 3 次堆栈跟踪 - 一次 during testhrarr_startup
,两次 in testhrarr_timer_function
:一次 forruncount==0
和一次 for 。runcount==5
好吧,希望这对某人有所帮助,
干杯!
Makefile
CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_UNLOAD=y
# debug build:
# "CFLAGS was changed ... Fix it to use EXTRA_CFLAGS."
override EXTRA_CFLAGS+=-g -O0
obj-m += testhrarr.o
#testhrarr-objs := testhrarr.o
all:
@echo EXTRA_CFLAGS = $(EXTRA_CFLAGS)
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
testhrarr.c
/*
* [http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/html/lkmpg.html#AEN189 The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide]
* https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16920238/reliability-of-linux-kernel-add-timer-at-resolution-of-one-jiffy/17055867#17055867
* https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8516021/proc-create-example-for-kernel-module/18924359#18924359
* http://lxr.free-electrons.com/source/samples/hw_breakpoint/data_breakpoint.c
*/
#include <linux/module.h> /* Needed by all modules */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* Needed for KERN_INFO */
#include <linux/init.h> /* Needed for the macros */
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h> /* /proc entry */
#include <linux/seq_file.h> /* /proc entry */
#define ARRSIZE 5
#define MAXRUNS 2*ARRSIZE
#include <linux/hrtimer.h>
#define HWDEBUG_STACK 1
#if (HWDEBUG_STACK == 1)
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
struct perf_event * __percpu *sample_hbp;
static char ksym_name[KSYM_NAME_LEN] = "testhrarr_arr";
module_param_string(ksym, ksym_name, KSYM_NAME_LEN, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(ksym, "Kernel symbol to monitor; this module will report any"
" write operations on the kernel symbol");
#endif
static volatile int testhrarr_runcount = 0;
static volatile int testhrarr_isRunning = 0;
static unsigned long period_ms;
static unsigned long period_ns;
static ktime_t ktime_period_ns;
static struct hrtimer my_hrtimer;
static int* testhrarr_arr;
static int* testhrarr_arr_first;
static enum hrtimer_restart testhrarr_timer_function(struct hrtimer *timer)
{
unsigned long tjnow;
ktime_t kt_now;
int ret_overrun;
printk(KERN_INFO
" %s: testhrarr_runcount %d \n",
__func__, testhrarr_runcount);
if (testhrarr_runcount < MAXRUNS) {
tjnow = jiffies;
kt_now = hrtimer_cb_get_time(&my_hrtimer);
ret_overrun = hrtimer_forward(&my_hrtimer, kt_now, ktime_period_ns);
printk(KERN_INFO
" testhrarr jiffies %lu ; ret: %d ; ktnsec: %lld\n",
tjnow, ret_overrun, ktime_to_ns(kt_now));
testhrarr_arr[(testhrarr_runcount % ARRSIZE)] += testhrarr_runcount;
testhrarr_runcount++;
return HRTIMER_RESTART;
}
else {
int i;
testhrarr_isRunning = 0;
// do not use KERN_DEBUG etc, if printk buffering until newline is desired!
printk("testhrarr_arr [ ");
for(i=0; i<ARRSIZE; i++) {
printk("%d, ", testhrarr_arr[i]);
}
printk("]\n");
return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
}
}
static void testhrarr_startup(void)
{
if (testhrarr_isRunning == 0) {
testhrarr_isRunning = 1;
testhrarr_runcount = 0;
testhrarr_arr[0] = 0; //just the first element
hrtimer_start(&my_hrtimer, ktime_period_ns, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
}
}
static int testhrarr_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) {
if (testhrarr_isRunning == 0) {
seq_printf(m, "testhrarr proc: startup\n");
testhrarr_startup();
} else {
seq_printf(m, "testhrarr proc: (is running, %d)\n", testhrarr_runcount);
}
return 0;
}
static int testhrarr_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) {
return single_open(file, testhrarr_proc_show, NULL);
}
static const struct file_operations testhrarr_proc_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = testhrarr_proc_open,
.read = seq_read,
.llseek = seq_lseek,
.release = single_release,
};
#if (HWDEBUG_STACK == 1)
static void sample_hbp_handler(struct perf_event *bp,
struct perf_sample_data *data,
struct pt_regs *regs)
{
printk(KERN_INFO "%s value is changed\n", ksym_name);
dump_stack();
printk(KERN_INFO "Dump stack from sample_hbp_handler\n");
}
#endif
static int __init testhrarr_init(void)
{
struct timespec tp_hr_res;
#if (HWDEBUG_STACK == 1)
struct perf_event_attr attr;
#endif
period_ms = 1000/HZ;
hrtimer_get_res(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp_hr_res);
printk(KERN_INFO
"Init testhrarr: %d ; HZ: %d ; 1/HZ (ms): %ld ; hrres: %lld.%.9ld\n",
testhrarr_runcount, HZ, period_ms, (long long)tp_hr_res.tv_sec, tp_hr_res.tv_nsec );
testhrarr_arr = (int*)kcalloc(ARRSIZE, sizeof(int), GFP_ATOMIC);
testhrarr_arr_first = &testhrarr_arr[0];
hrtimer_init(&my_hrtimer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
my_hrtimer.function = &testhrarr_timer_function;
period_ns = period_ms*( (unsigned long)1E6L );
ktime_period_ns = ktime_set(0,period_ns);
printk(KERN_INFO
" Addresses: _runcount 0x%p ; _arr 0x%p ; _arr[0] 0x%p (0x%p) ; _timer_function 0x%p ; my_hrtimer 0x%p; my_hrt.f 0x%p\n",
&testhrarr_runcount, &testhrarr_arr, &(testhrarr_arr[0]), testhrarr_arr_first, &testhrarr_timer_function, &my_hrtimer, &my_hrtimer.function);
proc_create("testhrarr_proc", 0, NULL, &testhrarr_proc_fops);
#if (HWDEBUG_STACK == 1)
hw_breakpoint_init(&attr);
if (strcmp(ksym_name, "testhrarr_arr_first") == 0) {
// just for testhrarr_arr_first - interpret the found symbol address
// as int*, and dereference it to get the "real" address it points to
attr.bp_addr = *((int*)kallsyms_lookup_name(ksym_name));
} else {
// the usual - address is kallsyms_lookup_name result
attr.bp_addr = kallsyms_lookup_name(ksym_name);
}
attr.bp_len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1;
attr.bp_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_W ; //| HW_BREAKPOINT_R;
sample_hbp = register_wide_hw_breakpoint(&attr, (perf_overflow_handler_t)sample_hbp_handler);
if (IS_ERR((void __force *)sample_hbp)) {
int ret = PTR_ERR((void __force *)sample_hbp);
printk(KERN_INFO "Breakpoint registration failed\n");
return ret;
}
// explicit cast needed to show 64-bit bp_addr as 32-bit address
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11796909/how-to-resolve-cast-to-pointer-from-integer-of-different-size-warning-in-c-co/11797103#11797103
printk(KERN_INFO "HW Breakpoint for %s write installed (0x%p)\n", ksym_name, (void*)(uintptr_t)attr.bp_addr);
#endif
return 0;
}
static void __exit testhrarr_exit(void)
{
int ret_cancel = 0;
kfree(testhrarr_arr);
while( hrtimer_callback_running(&my_hrtimer) ) {
ret_cancel++;
}
if (ret_cancel != 0) {
printk(KERN_INFO " testhrarr Waited for hrtimer callback to finish (%d)\n", ret_cancel);
}
if (hrtimer_active(&my_hrtimer) != 0) {
ret_cancel = hrtimer_cancel(&my_hrtimer);
printk(KERN_INFO " testhrarr active hrtimer cancelled: %d (%d)\n", ret_cancel, testhrarr_runcount);
}
if (hrtimer_is_queued(&my_hrtimer) != 0) {
ret_cancel = hrtimer_cancel(&my_hrtimer);
printk(KERN_INFO " testhrarr queued hrtimer cancelled: %d (%d)\n", ret_cancel, testhrarr_runcount);
}
remove_proc_entry("testhrarr_proc", NULL);
#if (HWDEBUG_STACK == 1)
unregister_wide_hw_breakpoint(sample_hbp);
printk(KERN_INFO "HW Breakpoint for %s write uninstalled\n", ksym_name);
#endif
printk(KERN_INFO "Exit testhrarr\n");
}
module_init(testhrarr_init);
module_exit(testhrarr_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");