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我对这个错误有一个严重的问题。这是家庭作业，所以我只是在寻找一些提示......我已经查看了其他问题，但它们没有帮助，所以希望这没关系。我是 Python 新手。:) 我正在玩井字游戏。我确信它还有其他一些问题，但我现在主要担心的是这个错误。这是我的代码:::

    scoreList = []
"""keeps track of all of the scores, moves, and indexes as tuples for each
        winning board"""

def getEmptySpaces(gameBoard):
    return gameBoard.count('-')

def winner(gameBoard):
    case1 = gameBoard[0]+gameBoard[1]+gameBoard[2]
    case2 = gameBoard[0]+gameBoard[3]+gameBoard[6]
    case3 = gameBoard[0]+gameBoard[4]+gameBoard[8]
    case4 = gameBoard[1]+gameBoard[4]+gameBoard[7]
    case5 = gameBoard[2]+gameBoard[5]+gameBoard[8]
    case6 = gameBoard[2]+gameBoard[4]+gameBoard[6]
    case7 = gameBoard[3]+gameBoard[4]+gameBoard[5]
    case8 = gameBoard[6]+gameBoard[7]+gameBoard[8]

    if case1 == 'xxx' or case1 == 'ooo':
        return True
    elif case2 == 'xxx' or case2 == 'ooo':
        return True
    elif case3 == 'xxx' or case3 == 'ooo':
        return True
    elif case4 == 'xxx' or case4 == 'ooo':
        return True
    elif case5 == 'xxx' or case5 == 'ooo':
        return True
    elif case6 == 'xxx' or case6 == 'ooo':
        return True
    elif case7 == 'xxx' or case7 =='ooo':
        return True
    elif case8 == 'xxx' or case8 == 'ooo':
        return True
    else:
        return False

def draw(gameBoard):
    if getEmptySpaces(gameBoard) ==0:
        if not winner(gameBoard):
            return True
        return False
    return False

def markX(gameBoard,index):
    gameBoard = gameBoard[:index] + 'x' + gameBoard[index+1:]

def markO(gameBoard,index):
    gameBoard = gameBoard[:index] + 'o' + gameBoard[index+1:]

def fitnessFunction(gameBoard):
    #only runs if end game or if all full
    if draw(gameBoard):
        return 0
    else:
        emptySpaces = getEmptySpaces(gameBoard)
        if emptySpaces %2 == 0:
            #max won
            return (emptySpaces + 1) *1
        else:
            #max lost
            return (emptySpaces + 1) *-1

def maxTurn(gameBoard):
    if getEmptySpaces(gameBoard) %2 == 0:
        return True
    return False

def minTurn(gameBoard):
    if getEmptySpaces(gameBoard) %2 != 0:
        return True
    return False

def miniMax(gameBoard):
    if winner(gameBoard) or getEmptySpaces(gameBoard) ==0:
        return fitnessFunction(gameBoard)
    else:
        emptyIndexes = [] 
        count = 0
        for char in str(gameBoard):
            if char == "-":
                emptyIndexes.append(count)
            count +=1             
        for index in emptyIndexes:
            xChild = markX(gameBoard,index)
            output = miniMax(xChild) #returns score
            scoreList.append((output,'x',index))

            oChild = markO(gameBoard,index)
            output = miniMax(oChild) #returns score
            scoreList.append((output,'o',index))
    return scoreList

def main():
    validChars = ['x','o','-']
    valid = True
    gameBoard = input("Please enter your current board configuration: ")

    for char in gameBoard:
        if char not in validChars:
            valid = False
    while not valid or len(gameBoard) !=9:
        print("Boards is not valid.")
        gameBoard = input("Please enter your current board configuarion: ")
        for char in gameBoard:
            valid = True
            if char not in validChars:
                valid = False

    else:
        listOfScores = miniMax(gameBoard)

        if maxTurn(gameBoard):
            best = max(listOfScores, key=lambda x: x[0])
        else:
            best = min(listOfScores, key=lambda x: x[0])

        if best[0] == 0:
            print("You should mark " + best[1] + " in cell " + best[2] + ".")
            print("This will lead to a tie.")
        elif best[0] > 0:
            print("You should mark " + best[1] + " in cell " + best[2] + ".")
            print("This will lead to a win.")
        else:
            print("You should mark " + best[1] + " in cell " + best[2] + ".")
            print("This will lead to a loss.")

main()

这是回溯的错误:::

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/Abby/Desktop/CS 3610/hw2/hw2Copy.py", line 134, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:/Users/Abby/Desktop/CS 3610/hw2/hw2Copy.py", line 117, in main
    listOfScores = miniMax(gameBoard)
  File "C:/Users/Abby/Desktop/CS 3610/hw2/hw2Copy.py", line 92, in miniMax
    output = miniMax(xChild) #returns score
  File "C:/Users/Abby/Desktop/CS 3610/hw2/hw2Copy.py", line 81, in miniMax
    if winner(gameBoard) or getEmptySpaces(gameBoard) ==0:
  File "C:/Users/Abby/Desktop/CS 3610/hw2/hw2Copy.py", line 16, in winner
    case1 = gameBoard[0]+gameBoard[1]+gameBoard[2]
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable

我正在输入“----x----”作为我的输入。请给我一些关于如何摆脱这个错误的指导！我知道这段代码很乱，但目前我还可以。谢谢！

编辑::: 我得到了它的工作，但现在当我试图找到我的最高分数时，我得到了这个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Abby\Desktop\CS 3610\hw2\hw2Copy.py", line 134, in <module>
    main()
  File "C:\Users\Abby\Desktop\CS 3610\hw2\hw2Copy.py", line 120, in main
    best = max(listOfScores, key=lambda x: x[0])
TypeError: unorderable types: list() > int()

我以前用我自己的元组对此进行了测试，并且它有效，返回了一个元组，所以我不确定这里出了什么问题。请帮忙？

4

1 回答 1

6

在你的markX函数中，你应该return gameBoard[:index] + 'x' + gameBoard[index+1:]而不是做gameBoard = .... 这不会像您认为的那样覆盖变量。这是因为在 python 中，函数中定义的变量仅限于该范围。

正在发生的事情是None由函数返回，因为您从未将函数设置为返回任何内容。然后，您尝试 index None，这是不可能的，因为'NoneType' object is not subscriptable

函数也是如此markO()。

对于这样的东西，在我看来，最好使用一个类。这样您就可以处理一个变量，例如self.gameBoard，而不必一直在函数中覆盖它。

于 2013-11-01T04:26:12.517 回答