java - 未找到默认构造函数；嵌套异常 org.springframework.test.context.TestContext。()

Question

我写了这篇文章：

http://www.javacodegeeks.com/2013/07/unit-testing-of-spring-mvc-controllers-normal-controllers.html

我试图为我的控制器编写一个测试：

我的代码：

import static org.fest.assertions.Assertions.assertThat;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestContext.class, WebApplicationContext.class})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class SiteControllerTest {

    @Test
    public void shouldReturnCorrectSite() throws Exception {
        assertThat(true).isTrue();
    }



}

当我运行测试时，我遇到了这样的异常：

No default constructor found; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.() at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1007)


java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)

...

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'testContext': Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Could not instantiate bean class [org.springframework.test.context.TestContext]: No default constructor found; nested exception is java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.<init>()
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1007)

我做错了什么？

Answer 1

在原始文章中，您应该在类路径中定义 TestContext 类，例如：

@Configuration
public class TestContext {

    @Bean
    public MessageSource messageSource() {
        ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();

        messageSource.setBasename("i18n/messages");
        messageSource.setUseCodeAsDefaultMessage(true);

        return messageSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public TodoService todoService() {
        return Mockito.mock(TodoService.class);
    }
}

其他替代方法可以直接使用 xml 文件而不是 java 类进行测试：

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:testContext.xml", "classpath:exampleApplicationContext-web.xml"})