7

下面是我的代码的很大一部分,基本上,如果您向下滚动到该execute_subscripts()函数,您可以看到我运行了两个脚本,它们运行良好execfile,它们显示prints,它们将traceback错误保存到错误文件中。

我正在尝试将第二个脚本变成一个不等待自己完成然后再转到下一个脚本的脚本。

如您所见,我试图使用subprocesswithPopen来启动一个无声的隐藏窗口......但是它似乎没有运行,我不知道如何p.communicate()正确使用该函数来检索tracebacks和/或prints.

我还...需要帮助创建某种超时/终止开关,因此如果下标通过Popenexecfile路由未在 5 分钟内完成,它会跳过该循环或重试并跳过,如果它立即再次失败.

我知道我可能不应该使用strftime这个时代......但是那部分对我来说很好,所以我认为没有必要改变它。

from datetime import date, timedelta
from sched import scheduler
from time import time, sleep, strftime
import random
import traceback
import subprocess

s = scheduler(time, sleep)
random.seed()

def periodically(runtime, intsmall, intlarge, function):

     ## Get current time
    currenttime = strftime('%H:%M:%S')

    ## If currenttime is anywhere between 23:40 and 23:50 then...
    if currenttime > '23:40:00' and currenttime < '23:50:00':

        ## Open the error logging file as the variable "errors"
        errors = open('MISC/ERROR(S).txt', 'a')

        ## Try to...
        try:
            ## Call the clear subscript.
            execfile("SUBSCRIPTS/CLEAR.py", {})
        ## On exception (fail)...
        except Exception:
            ## Write the entire traceback error to file...
            errors.write(traceback.format_exc() + '\n')
            errors.write("\n\n")

        ## Close and exit the error logging file. 
        errors.close()

        ## Update time
        currenttime = strftime('%H:%M:%S')

    ## Idle time
    while currenttime >= '23:40:00' and currenttime <= '23:59:59' or currenttime >= '00:00:00' and currenttime <= '11:30:00':

        ## Update time
        currenttime = strftime('%H:%M:%S')
        print currenttime, "Idling..."
        sleep(10)

        ## Update time
        currenttime = strftime('%H:%M:%S')

    ## Initiate the scheduler.
    runtime += random.randrange(intsmall, intlarge)
    s.enter(runtime, 1, function, ())
    s.run()

def execute_subscripts():

    st = time()
    print "Running..."
    errors = open('MISC/ERROR(S).txt', 'a')

    try: 
        execfile("SUBSCRIPTS/TESTSCRIPT.py", {})
    except Exception:
        errors.write(traceback.format_exc() + '\n')
        errors.write("\n\n")

    try: 
        execfile("SUBSCRIPTS/TEST.py", {})
    except Exception:
        errors.write(traceback.format_exc() + '\n')
        errors.write("\n\n")
##    subprocess.Popen(["pythonw", "SUBSCRIPTS/TEST.py", "0"], shell=True)

    try: 
        execfile("SUBSCRIPTS/TESTSCRIPTTest.py", {})
    except Exception:
        errors.write(traceback.format_exc() + '\n')
        errors.write("\n\n")

    try: 
        execfile("SUBSCRIPTS/TESTTESTTEST.py", {})
    except Exception:
        errors.write(traceback.format_exc() + '\n')
        errors.write("\n\n")

    errors.close()
    print """The whole routine took %.3f seconds""" % (time() - st)

while True:
    periodically(50, -25, +90, execute_subscripts)

任何想法将不胜感激

添加了赏金,希望有人知道如何实现这一目标。

在此先感谢
Hyflex

我希望脚本能够执行的操作示例...

  1. 下标 1 - 在后台运行,将打印和错误从 subscript1.py 发送到 main.py,不要等待它完成,转到下标 2,10秒后超时(或尽可能接近 10 秒,或超时在调用了所有下标之后。)

  2. 下标 2 - 在后台运行,将打印和错误从 subscript2.py 发送到 main.py,在进入下标 3 之前等待它完成, 10 秒后超时(或尽可能接近 10 秒,或者毕竟超时下标已被调用。)

  3. 下标 3 - 在后台运行,将打印和错误从 subscript3.py 发送到 main.py,在进入下标 4 之前等待它完成, 10 秒后超时(或尽可能接近 10 秒,或者毕竟超时下标已被调用。)

  4. 下标 4 - 在后台运行,将打印和错误从 subscript4.py 发送到 main.py,不要等待它完成,转到下标5,10 秒后超时(或尽可能接近 10 秒,或者调用所有下标后超时。)

  5. 下标 5 - 在后台运行,将打印和错误从 subscript5.py 发送到 main.py,等待它完成后再进入下一个下标(或者在这种情况下,循环结束), 10 秒后超时(或接近10 秒,或者在调用所有下标后超时。)

shx2 的打印和追溯

[pid=9940] main running command: C:\Python27\python.exe SUB/subscript1.py (is_bg=False)
[pid=9940] main running command: C:\Python27\python.exe SUB/subscript1.py (is_bg=True)

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Test\main.py", line 21, in <module>
    bg_proc1 = run_subscript(cmd, is_bg = True)
  File "C:\Test\main.py", line 10, in run_subscript
    return (cmd > sys.stdout) & BG  # run in background
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\plumbum\commands\modifiers.py", line 81, in __rand__
    return Future(cmd.popen(), self.retcode)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\plumbum\commands\base.py", line 317, in popen
    return self.cmd.popen(args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\plumbum\commands\base.py", line 233, in popen
    return self.cmd.popen(self.args + list(args), **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\plumbum\machines\local.py", line 104, in popen
    **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\plumbum\machines\local.py", line 253, in _popen
    stderr = stderr, cwd = str(cwd), env = env, **kwargs)  # bufsize = 4096
  File "C:\Python27\lib\subprocess.py", line 703, in __init__
    errread, errwrite) = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\subprocess.py", line 851, in _get_handles
    c2pwrite = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(stdout.fileno())
UnsupportedOperation: fileno

编辑:http://i.imgur.com/rmXtrOq.png

             | --> # Sub 1.py # --> Sequential with timeout --> Started: 11:30.00 --> Estimated Completion: 11:30.01 (1 Second) --> Timeout at 11:30:10 (10 Seconds) --> # Sub 2.py # --> Sequential with timeout --> Started: 11:30.02 (or after time Sub 1.py's timeout) --> Estimated Completion: 11:30.03 (1 Second) --> Timeout at 11:30:13 (10 Seconds) --> # Sub 3.py # --> Sequential with timeout --> Started: 11:30.04 (or after time Sub 2.py's timeout) --> Estimated Completion: 11:30.08 (3 Seconds) --> Timeout at 11:30:18 (10 Seconds)
             |                                                                                                                                                  ^                                                                                                                                                                             ^
             |                                                                                                                                                  |                                                                                                                                                                             |
             | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                                                                                                                             |
             | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             |
Scheduler -->|
             | --> Sub 4.py --> Nonsequential with timeout --> Started: 11:30.00 --> Estimated Completion: 11:30.05 (5 Seconds) --> Timeout at 11:30:10 (15 Seconds)
             |
             | --> Sub 5.py --> Nonsequential with timeout --> Started: 11:30.00 --> Estimated Completion: 11:30.02 (2 Seconds) --> Timeout at 11:30:10 (10 Seconds)
             |
             | --> Sub 6.py --> Nonsequential with timeout --> Started: 11:30.00 --> Estimated Completion: 11:30.10 (10 Seconds) --> Timeout at 11:30:10 (25 Seconds)

希望这有助于直观地表示我想要实现的目标

4

2 回答 2

5

正如您在问题中已经指出的那样,您实际上是在问两个不同的问题(在后台运行并强制执行超时)。幸运的是,两者的简短答案是相同的:

使用

Plumbum极大地简化了 Python 脚本中类似于 shell 脚本的元素,除此之外,还为在后台运行命令和强制超时提供了干净的接口。

下面是一个为此使用的示例。

在此示例中,子进程都将运行相同的脚本 -- subscript1.py。它会进行一些打印,一些睡眠,有时会随机失败。

下标1.py

import os, sys, time, random
print '[pid=%s] STARTING %s' % (os.getpid(), sys.argv[0])
for i in range(3):
    t = random.randint(1,5)
    print '[pid=%s] sleeping for %s seconds' % (os.getpid(), t)
    time.sleep(t)
# fail randomly
if t == 5:
    raise RuntimeError('random error...')
print '[pid=%s] DONE %s' % (os.getpid(), sys.argv[0])


现在,下面的主脚本main.py,演示了如何在前台和后台运行子进程,有和没有超时,等待后台进程完成,以及处理子进程错误和超时。

主文件

import os, sys, time
from plumbum import FG, BG, ProcessExecutionError, ProcessTimedOut
from plumbum.cmd import python

cmd = python['subscript1.py']  # create the command to run (several times)

def run_subscript(cmd, is_bg = False):
    print '[pid=%s] main running command: %s (is_bg=%s)' % (os.getpid(), cmd, is_bg)
    if is_bg:
        return (cmd > sys.stdout) & BG  # run in background
    else:
        try:
            return cmd & FG  # run in foreground
        except ProcessExecutionError, e:
            print >>sys.stderr, e

# run a process in the foreground        
run_subscript(cmd, is_bg = False)

# run two processes in the background, and one in the foreground
bg_proc1 = run_subscript(cmd, is_bg = True)
time.sleep(1)
bg_proc2 = run_subscript(cmd, is_bg = True)
time.sleep(1)
run_subscript(cmd, is_bg = False)

# wait for the background processes to finish
for bg_proc in ( bg_proc1, bg_proc2 ):
    try:
        bg_proc.wait()
    except ProcessExecutionError, e:
        print >>sys.stderr, e

# run a foreground process, which will time out
print '[pid=%s] main running command: %s (will time out)' % (os.getpid(), cmd)
try:
    cmd.run(timeout = 2)
except ProcessTimedOut, e:
    # command timed out
    print >>sys.stderr, e
except ProcessExecutionError, e:
    # command failed (but did not time out)
    print >>sys.stderr, e

输出:

% python main.py
[pid=77311] main running command: /usr/local/bin/python subscript1.py (is_bg=False)
[pid=77314] STARTING subscript1.py
[pid=77314] sleeping for 1 seconds
[pid=77314] sleeping for 5 seconds
[pid=77314] sleeping for 3 seconds
[pid=77314] DONE subscript1.py
[pid=77311] main running command: /usr/local/bin/python subscript1.py (is_bg=True)
[pid=77316] STARTING subscript1.py
[pid=77316] sleeping for 5 seconds
[pid=77311] main running command: /usr/local/bin/python subscript1.py (is_bg=True)
[pid=77317] STARTING subscript1.py
[pid=77317] sleeping for 1 seconds
[pid=77311] main running command: /usr/local/bin/python subscript1.py (is_bg=False)
[pid=77317] sleeping for 5 seconds
[pid=77318] STARTING subscript1.py
[pid=77318] sleeping for 5 seconds
[pid=77316] sleeping for 2 seconds
[pid=77316] sleeping for 4 seconds
[pid=77317] sleeping for 5 seconds
[pid=77318] sleeping for 2 seconds
[pid=77318] sleeping for 3 seconds
[pid=77316] DONE subscript1.py
[pid=77318] DONE subscript1.py
Command line: ['/usr/local/bin/python', 'subscript1.py']
Exit code: 1
Stderr:  | Traceback (most recent call last):
         |   File "subscript1.py", line 13, in <module>
         |     raise RuntimeError('random error...')
         | RuntimeError: random error...
[pid=77311] main running command: /usr/local/bin/python subscript1.py (will time out)
('Process did not terminate within 2 seconds', ['/usr/local/bin/python', 'subscript1.py'])

编辑:

我现在意识到我的示例代码没有演示在后台运行命令对其强制执行超时。为此,只需使用cmd.bgrun(...)而不是cmd.run(...).

您收到的错误与重定向有关,并且必须与您在 Windows 上运行的事实有关。这要么是plumbum 在Windows 上的兼容性问题,要么是的代码可能并不完美,即可能有另一种使用plumbum 的方法来使其工作。不幸的是,我没有一台Windows机器来测试它......

我希望这有帮助。

于 2013-10-31T21:45:08.283 回答
3

如果我了解您要做什么,那么 subprocess.Popen() 就是要走的路。这是一个简单的类,我认为它可以提供您想要的所有功能:

from time import sleep
import subprocess
import datetime
import os

class Worker:

    def __init__(self, cmd):

        print datetime.datetime.now(), ":: starting subprocess :: %s"%cmd
        self.cmd = cmd
        self.log = "[running :: %s]\n"%cmd
        self.subp = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
        self.start_time = datetime.datetime.now()

    def wait_to_finish(self, timeout_seconds = None):

        while True:
            retcode = self.subp.poll()
            if retcode is not None:
                self.get_process_output()
                self.log += "\n[subprocess finished, return code: %d]\n"%retcode
                print datetime.datetime.now(), ":: subprocess %s exited, retcode=%d"%(self.cmd, retcode)
                return
            else:
                # process hasn't finished yet
                sleep(1)
                if timeout_seconds is not None:
                    cur_time = datetime.datetime.now()
                    if (cur_time - self.start_time).seconds > timeout_seconds:
                        print datetime.datetime.now(), ":: subprocess %s :: killing after %d seconds"%(self.cmd, timeout_seconds)
                        self.kill()
                        return

    def still_running(self):
        return (self.subp.poll() is None)

    def kill(self):
        self.subp.terminate()
        self.get_process_output()
        self.log += "\n[subprocess killed by explicit request]\n"
        return

    def get_process_output(self):
        out, err = self.subp.communicate()
        self.log += out
        self.log += err

您发出命令,班级在后台启动它。然后,您可以等待它完成,可选择超时(从进程开始的时间开始计算)。您可以获得进程输出,并在需要时显式终止进程。

这只是一个显示其功能的快速示例:

# Start two subprocesses in the background
worker1 = Worker([r'c:\python26\python.exe', 'sub1.py'])
worker2 = Worker([r'c:\python26\python.exe', 'sub2.py'])

# Wait for both to finish, kill after 10 seconds timeout
worker1.wait_to_finish(timeout_seconds = 10)
worker2.wait_to_finish(timeout_seconds = 10)

# Start another subprocess giving it 5 seconds to finish
worker3 = Worker([r'c:\python26\python.exe', 'sub3.py'])
worker3.wait_to_finish(timeout_seconds = 5)

print "----LOG1----\n" + worker1.log
print "----LOG2----\n" + worker2.log
print "----LOG3----\n" + worker3.log

子1.py:

from time import sleep
print "sub1 output: start"
sleep(5)
print "sub1 output: finish"

子2.py:

print "sub2 output: start"
erroneous_command()

子3.py:

from time import sleep
import sys
print "sub3 output: start, sleeping 15 sec"
sys.stdout.flush()
sleep(15)
print "sub3 output: finish"

这是输出:

2013-11-06 15:31:17.296000 :: starting subprocess :: ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub1.py']
2013-11-06 15:31:17.300000 :: starting subprocess :: ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub2.py']
2013-11-06 15:31:23.306000 :: subprocess ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub1.py'] exited, retcode=0
2013-11-06 15:31:23.309000 :: subprocess ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub2.py'] exited, retcode=1
2013-11-06 15:31:23.310000 :: starting subprocess :: ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub3.py']
2013-11-06 15:31:29.314000 :: subprocess ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub3.py'] :: killing after 5 seconds
----LOG1----
[running :: ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub1.py']]
sub1 output: start
sub1 output: finish

[subprocess finished, return code: 0]

----LOG2----
[running :: ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub2.py']]
sub2 output: start
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "sub2.py", line 2, in <module>
    erroneous_command()
NameError: name 'erroneous_command' is not defined

[subprocess finished, return code: 1]

----LOG3----
[running :: ['c:\\python26\\python.exe', 'sub3.py']]
sub3 output: start, sleeping 15 sec

[subprocess killed by explicit request]

就实现调度而言,我可以建议几个选项,但选择实际上取决于您的任务是什么:

1)如果可以指定任意时间点的精确调度,那么就可以实现一个完全同步的调度器:

while True:
    # check time
    # check currently running processes :: workerX.still_running()
    #   -> if some are past their timeout, kill them workerX.kill()
    # start new subprocesses according to your scheduling logic
    sleep(1)

2)如果您有几个定义明确的脚本序列,您希望每 10 秒“即发即弃”,然后将每个序列放在自己的 .py 脚本中(使用“import Worker”),并在每个10 秒,还定期检查哪些序列已退出以收集其日志。

3)如果您的序列是动态定义的并且您更喜欢“即发即弃”的方法,那么线程将是最好的方法。

于 2013-11-06T23:39:11.087 回答