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我是python新手，正在尝试使用scholar.py和TOR构建一个谷歌学术刮板。不幸的是，当我运行下面的代码时：

import scholar
import csv
import socks
import socket
import urllib2
import urllib
import httplib
from TorCtl import TorCtl

socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050, True)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
proxy_support = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http" : "127.0.0.1.8118"})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy_support)

def connectTor():
    socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050, True)
    socket.socket = socks.socksocket
    print "Connected to Tor"
    
def newId():
    socks.setdefaultproxy()
    conn = TorCtl.connect(controlAddr="127.0.0.1", controlPort=9051, passphrase="123")
    TorCtl.Connection.send_signal(conn, "NEWNYM")
    conn.close()
    connectTor()

connectTor()

for i in range(0, 10):
    print "case "+str(i+1)
    newId()
    conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("my-ip.heroku.com")
    conn.request("GET", "/")
    response = conn.getresponse()
    print(response.read())

一切都很好，并且返回了 IP 地址。但是，如果我放弃：

conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("my-ip.heroku.com")
conn.request("GET", "/")
response = conn.getresponse()
print(response.read())

并将其替换为

urllib2.install_opener(opener)
print(urllib2.urlopen("http://my-ip.heroku.com/").read())

然后我收到错误消息：“URLError urlopen 错误 [Errno 11004] getaddrinfo failed。”

Academic.py 使用 urllib2，所以我需要它来工作。任何想法表示赞赏。

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