1

我有清单:

k = ["key1", "subkey2", "subsubkey3"]

我确定这d是一个d["key1"]["subkey2"]["subsubkey3"]有效的字典。

如何将 list 转换k为 dict 的键d以便返回d[k[0]][k[1]]...

4

3 回答 3

9

您可以尝试使用reduce()with operator.getitem

>>> from operator import getitem
>>> 
>>> d = {'key1': {'subkey2': {'subsubkey3': 'value'}}}
>>> k = ["key1", "subkey2", "subsubkey3"]
>>> 
>>> reduce(getitem, k, d)
'value'

在 Python 3.x 中,您应该使用functools.reduce().


reduce()简单地接受一个 2-argument 函数并将其连续应用于列表的元素,累积结果。还有一个可选的初始化参数,我们在这里使用过。正如文档所述,reduce()大致相当于:

def reduce(function, iterable, initializer=None):
    it = iter(iterable)
    if initializer is None:
        try:
            initializer = next(it)
        except StopIteration:
            raise TypeError('reduce() of empty sequence with no initial value')
    accum_value = initializer
    for x in it:
        accum_value = function(accum_value, x)
    return accum_value

在我们的例子中,我们传递的是 aninitializer所以它不会是None。因此,我们拥有的是:

def reduce(function, iterable, initializer=None):
    it = iter(iterable)
    accum_value = initializer
    for x in it:
        accum_value = function(accum_value, x)
    return accum_value

我们function在这种情况下是getitem(a, b)(见上面的链接),它只返回a[b]. 此外, our iterableisk和 our initializeris d。所以reduce()上面的调用相当于:

accum_value = d
for x in k:
    accum_value = accum_value[x]
于 2013-10-27T17:20:37.117 回答
3
temp_d = d
for key in k:
 temp_d = temp_d[key]

此代码完成后 temp_d 将包含您的值

于 2013-10-27T17:16:33.633 回答
2

这是少数几个reduce可能是个好主意的情况之一——它所做的是连续对一个值应用相同的操作。

items = {'foo': {'bar': {'baz': 123}}}
keys = ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']
reduce(lambda d, k: d[k], keys, items) 

这相当于:

items = {'foo': …}
keys = ['foo', …]

result = items
for k in keys:
    # The RHS here is the function passed to reduce(), applied to the 
    # (intermediate) result and the current step in the loop 
    result = items[k] 
于 2013-10-27T17:20:33.670 回答