python - 提取并重命名 zip 文件夹

Question

我想在python中从一个zip文件中提取一个特定的文件夹，然后在原始文件名之后重命名它。

例如，我有一个名为test.zip包含多个文件夹和子文件夹的文件：

xl/media/image1.png
xl/drawings/stuff.png
stuff/otherstuff.png

我希望将媒体文件夹的内容提取到名为 test 的文件夹中： test/image1.png

Answer 1

采用

• 该zipfile模块，特别是ZipFile.extractall()
• os.path.splitext()test1从字符串 中获取test1.zip
• tmpfile.mkdtemp()创建一个临时目录
• shutil.move()移动整个目录树。

例如：

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Usage:
./extract.py test.zip
"""

from zipfile import ZipFile
import os
import sys
import tempfile
import shutil


ROOT_PATH = 'xl/media/'

zip_name = sys.argv[1]
zip_path = os.path.abspath(zip_name)
extraction_dir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), os.path.splitext(zip_name)[0])
temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()


with ZipFile(zip_path, 'r') as zip_file:
    # Build a list of only the members below ROOT_PATH
    members = zip_file.namelist()
    members_to_extract = [m for m in members if m.startswith(ROOT_PATH)]
    # Extract only those members to the temp directory
    zip_file.extractall(temp_dir, members_to_extract)
    # Move the extracted ROOT_PATH directory to its final location
    shutil.move(os.path.join(temp_dir, ROOT_PATH), extraction_dir)

# Uncomment if you want to delete the original zip file
# os.remove(zip_path)

print "Sucessfully extracted '%s' to '%s'" % (zip_path, extraction_dir)

使用try..except块来处理在创建目录、删除文件和解压缩 zip 时可能发生的各种异常。