在加载我的 ASP.NET 应用程序/站点时，我收到此错误消息：“遇到异常。这可能是由扩展引起的。”
然后它说要查看此文件：
C:\Users\Clay\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\VisualStudio\11.0\ActivityLog.xml
...在其中我确实找到了三个可能与该问题相关的条目，但它们是“对我来说是希腊语”。由于它们的体积庞大，我在这里只包括第一个：
<entry>
<record>676</record>
<time>2013/10/22 13:52:50.109</time>
<type>Error</type>
<source>Editor or Editor Extension</source>
<description>System.ComponentModel.Composition.CompositionException: The composition produced a single composition error, with 2 root causes. The root causes are provided below. Review the CompositionException.Errors property for more detailed information.

1) The export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider' is not assignable to type 'System.Void'.

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager.VsServiceProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager.VsServiceProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

2) The export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider")' is not assignable to type 'System.Void'.

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet

Resulting in: Cannot set import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider")' on part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

Resulting in: Cannot get export 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider")' from part 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'.
Element: Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider

 at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CompositionServices.GetExportedValueFromComposedPart(ImportEngine engine, ComposablePart part, ExportDefinition definition)
 at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CatalogExportProvider.GetExportedValue(CatalogPart part, ExportDefinition export, Boolean isSharedPart)
 at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CatalogExportProvider.CatalogExport.GetExportedValueCore()
 at System.ComponentModel.Composition.Primitives.Export.get_Value()
 at System.ComponentModel.Composition.ExportServices.GetCastedExportedValue[T](Export export)
 at System.ComponentModel.Composition.ExportServices.<>c__DisplayClass4`2.<CreateStronglyTypedLazyOfTM>b__1()
 at System.Lazy`1.CreateValue()
 at System.Lazy`1.LazyInitValue()
 at System.Lazy`1.get_Value()
 at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.Implementation.TagAggregator`1.GatherTaggers(ITextBuffer textBuffer)</description>
</entry>
解码错误为：
System.ComponentModel.Composition.CompositionException：合成产生单个合成错误，有 2 个根本原因。下面提供了根本原因。查看 CompositionException.Errors 属性以获取更多详细信息。 1) 导出“Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider”不可分配给“System.Void”类型。 导致：无法在部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared 上设置 import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager.VsServiceProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider")' .RegistryManager'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager.VsServiceProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.SVsServiceProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager 导致：无法从“Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web”部分导出“Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager”) .Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.RegistryManager 导致：无法在部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript .Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider.RegistryManager (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IRegistryManager") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared .BufferFeatureManagerProvider 导致：无法从“Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web”部分导出“Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider”) .Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.BufferFeatureManagerProvider 导致：无法在部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript .Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.BufferFeatureManagerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.IBufferFeatureManagerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification .SPARegionTaggerProvider 导致：无法从部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification 导出'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider")' .SPARegionTaggerProvider'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider 2) 导出 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider")' 不可分配给类型 'System.Void'。 导致：无法在部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web 上设置 import 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider")' .Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.Extensions.HTML.ITagNameProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet 导致：无法从“Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web”部分导出“Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider”) .Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.SPASupportedTagSet 导致：无法在部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript .Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider.TagNameProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Shared.ISPASupportedTagProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification .SPARegionTaggerProvider 导致：无法从部分 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification 导出'Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider")' .SPARegionTaggerProvider'。 元素：Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider (ContractName="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.IViewTaggerProvider") --> Microsoft.VisualStudio.JavaScript.Web.Extensions.Classification.SPARegionTaggerProvider 在 System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CompositionServices.GetExportedValueFromComposedPart（ImportEngine 引擎，ComposablePart 部分，ExportDefinition 定义） 在 System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CatalogExportProvider.GetExportedValue（CatalogPart 部分，ExportDefinition 导出，布尔 isSharedPart） 在 System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting.CatalogExportProvider.CatalogExport.GetExportedValueCore() 在 System.ComponentModel.Composition.Primitives.Export.get_Value() 在 System.ComponentModel.Composition.ExportServices.GetCastedExportedValue[T]（导出导出） 在 System.ComponentModel.Composition.ExportServices.c__DisplayClass4`2.b__1() 在 System.Lazy`1.CreateValue() 在 System.Lazy`1.LazyInitValue() 在 System.Lazy`1.get_Value() 在 Microsoft.VisualStudio.Text.Tagging.Implementation.TagAggregator`1.GatherTaggers(ITextBuffer textBuffer)