r - 从 R 运行 VBA 脚本

Question

我必须管理涉及 R 脚本和VBA-code. 我想在 R（我的大部分代码所在的位置）中运行该过程，然后不时调用VBA-code特定的计算。

我会在 R 中为 VBA 准备输入，在某处写入结果（.csv，数据库），然后在 R 脚本的其余部分中使用结果。

最好的办法当然是将整个代码移到 R 中，但目前这是不可能的。VBA-code相当复杂。将其转化为 R 将是一项具有挑战性的长期任务。

有没有可能在 R 中管理这样的工作流程？

Answer 1

Here's a method which doesn't require a VBscript wrapper. You'll need to install the RDCOMClient package

library(RDCOMClient)

# Open a specific workbook in Excel:
xlApp <- COMCreate("Excel.Application")
xlWbk <- xlApp$Workbooks()$Open("C:\\Temp\\macro_template.xlsm")

# this line of code might be necessary if you want to see your spreadsheet:
xlApp[['Visible']] <- TRUE 

# Run the macro called "MyMacro":
xlApp$Run("MyMacro")

# Close the workbook and quit the app:
xlWbk$Close(FALSE)
xlApp$Quit()

# Release resources:
rm(xlWbk, xlApp)
gc()

Answer 2

1. 编写一个调用您的 VBA 的 VBscript 包装器。请参阅从命令行或批处理文件运行 Excel 宏的方式？

2. system通过 R或shell函数运行 VBscript 。

Answer 3

我使用 RDCOM 运行 Excel 宏数月来从 SAP 中提取数据，今天尝试退出程序时它开始抛出错误。不知道为什么。这是我的解决方案，如果无法实现和平退出，则终止任务。

#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#~~ Define hard coded variables
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

# Define paths to VBA workbooks and macro name
path_xlsb <- "I:/EXAMPLE_WORKBOOK.xlsb"
xlsb_macro_name <- "launch_SAP"

#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#~~ Load or install packages
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# librarian
if(require(librarian) == FALSE){
  install.packages("librarian")
  if(require(librarian)== FALSE){stop("Unable to install and load librarian")}
}
librarian::shelf(tidyverse, readxl, RODBC, odbc,lubridate, pivottabler, xlsx, openxlsx, htmlTable)

# Load or install RDCOM Client 
if(require(RDCOMClient) == FALSE){
  install.packages("RDCOMClient", repos = "http://www.omegahat.net/R")
  if(require(RDCOMClient)== FALSE){stop("Unable to install and load RDCOMClient")}
}

#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#~~ Run VBA Macro in Excel 
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

# Kill any existing Excel processes
try(system("Taskkill /IM Excel.exe /F"),silent = TRUE)

# Kill any existing SAP processes (only relevant if you're working with SAP)
try(system("Taskkill /IM saplogon.EXE /F"),silent = TRUE)

# Open a specific workbook in Excel:
xlApp <- COMCreate("Excel.Application")
xlWbk <- xlApp$Workbooks()$Open(path_xlsb_reconnect)

# Set to true if you want to see your spreadsheet:
xlApp[['Visible']] <- TRUE 

# Run the macro 
Sys.sleep(2) # Wait for the workbook to load
xlApp$Run(xlsb_macro_name)

# Attempt to close the workbook peacefully  
Sys.sleep(2) # Wait for 2 seconds
try(xlApp$Quit())
try(rm(xlWbk, xlApp))
try(gc())

# Kill any Excel processes
try(system("Taskkill /IM Excel.exe /F"),silent = TRUE)

# Kill any existing SAP processes (only relevant if you're working with SAP)
try(system("Taskkill /IM saplogon.EXE /F"),silent = TRUE)