3

我有一个 .CSV 文件 (file.csv)，其数据全部用双引号括起来。该文件的示例格式如下：

column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6, column7, Column8, Column9, Column10
"12","B000QRIGJ4","4432","string with quotes, and with a comma, and colon: in between","4432","author1, name","890","88","11-OCT-11","12"
"4432","B000QRIGJ4","890","another, string with quotes, and with more than, two commas: in between","455","author2, name","12","455","12-OCT-11","55"
"11","B000QRIGJ4","77","string with, commas and (paranthesis) and : colans, in between","12","author3, name","333","22","13-OCT-11","232"

第 9 个字段是格式为"DD-MMM-YY"的日期字段。我必须将其转换为YYYY/MM/DD格式。我正在尝试使用下面的代码，但没有用。

awk -F, '
 BEGIN {
 split("JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC", month, " ")
 for (i=1; i<=12; i++) mdigit[month[i]]=i
 }
 { m=substr($9,4,3)
 $9 = sprintf("%02d/%02d/"20"%02d",mdigit[m],substr($9,1,2),substr($9,8,20))
 print
 }' OFS="," file.csv > temp_file.csv

执行上述代码后文件 temp_file.csv 的输出如下图所示。

column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7,Column8,00/00/2000,Column10
"12","B000QRIGJ4","4432","string with quotes, and with a comma, and colon: in between","4432","author1,00/00/2000,"890","88","11-OCT-11","12"
"4432","B000QRIGJ4","890","another, string with quotes, and with more than, two commas: in between","455",00/00/2002, name","12","455","12-OCT-11","55"
"11","B000QRIGJ4","77","string with, commas and (paranthesis) and : colans, in between","12","author3,00/00/2000,"333","22","13-OCT-11","232"

据我了解，问题在于双引号中的逗号，因为我的代码也将它们考虑在内...请就以下问题提出建议：

1）双引号所有字段中的所有值有什么区别吗？如果它们有任何区别，我如何从所有值中删除它们，除了带有逗号的字符串？2）对我的代码进行任何修改，以便我可以将格式为“DD-MMM-YYYY”的第 9 个字段格式化为YYYY/MM/DD

4

3 回答 3

2

我强烈建议您使用正确的 CSV 解析器。例如，在 Perl 中使用Text::CSV_XS将正确且理智地完成工作。例如这个单行：

perl -MText::CSV_XS -E'$csv=Text::CSV_XS->new({eol=>"\n", allow_whitespace=>1});@m=qw(JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC);@m{@m}=(1 .. @m);while(my $row=$csv->getline(ARGV)){($d,$m,$y)=split("-",$row->[8]);$row->[8]=sprintf"%02d/%02d/%04d",$d,$m{$m},$y if $m{$m};$csv->print(STDOUT, $row)}' file.csv > temp_file.csv
于 2014-02-23T10:13:35.367 回答
1

你可以试试awk这个

awk -F"\"" 'BEGIN { OFS="\"" }{ "date -d "$18" +%Y/%m/%d" | getline $18; print $0; }' yourfile.txt

输出：

"12","B000QRIGJ4","4432","string with quotes, and with a comma, and colon: in between","4432","author1,name","890","88","2011/10/11","12"
"4432","B000QRIGJ4","890","another, string with quotes, and with more than, two commas: in between","455","author2,name","12","455","2011/10/12","55"
"11","B000QRIGJ4","77","string with, commas and (paranthesis) and : colans, in between","12","author3,name","333","22","2011/10/13","232"
于 2013-10-16T05:29:01.700 回答
1

您可以尝试以下单线：

awk '
BEGIN {
    FS = OFS = ","
    split("JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC", month, / /)
    for (i=1; i<=12; i++) {
        mm[month[i]]=i
    }
}
NR>1 { 
    gsub(/\"/, "", $(NF-1))
    split($(NF-1), d, /-/)
    $(NF-1)=q "20" d[3] "/" mm[d[2]] "/" d[1] q}1' q='"' file

输出：

column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6, column7, Column8, Column9, Column10
"12","B000QRIGJ4","4432","string with quotes, and with a comma, and colon: in between","4432","author1, name","890","88","2011/10/11","12"
"4432","B000QRIGJ4","890","another, string with quotes, and with more than, two commas: in between","455","author2, name","12","455","2011/10/12","55"
"11","B000QRIGJ4","77","string with, commas and (paranthesis) and : colans, in between","12","author3, name","333","22","2011/10/13","232"
于 2014-02-23T07:22:37.080 回答