已编辑：下面的代码反映了您答案中的最后建议...
我无法从一种形式保存到两种不同的模型...我尝试遵循 rails casts #196 并在 stackoverflow 上查看了其他几个示例，但我还没有弄清楚如何做到这一点，因为我的情况是有点不同……
所以，我有两个模型：
class Patient < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :date_of_birth, :patient_name
has_many :samples
end
class Sample < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :approved, :patientID, :result, patient_attributes: [:patient_name, :date_of_birth]
belongs_to :patient
accepts_nested_attributes_for :patient
end
我在我看到的大多数示例（包括 railscasts）中发现的是在患者表单中创建一个新样本，并且“accepts_nestes_attributes_for”在“患者”模型中......但我想要做的正是相反，即在新样本表单中创建一个新患者。
这是我的观点，我有一个样本的正常形式，然后是患者部分的部分形式：
_form.html.erb
<%= form_for(@sample) do |f| %>
<% if @sample.errors.any? %>
<div id="error_explanation">
<h2><%= pluralize(@sample.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this sample from being saved:</h2>
<ul>
<% @sample.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>
<li><%= msg %></li>
<% end %>
</ul>
</div>
<% end %>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :result %><br />
<%= f.text_area :result %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :approved %><br />
<%= f.check_box :approved %>
</div>
<div><%= render 'patient', f: f %></div>
<div class="actions">
<%= f.submit %>
</div>
<% end %>
病人.html.erb
<%= f.fields_for :patient do |p| %>
<div class="field">
<%= p.label :patient_name %><br />
<%= p.text_field :patient_name %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= p.label :date_of_birth %><br />
<%= p.date_select :date_of_birth %>
</div>
<% end %>
当我单击提交按钮时，一切似乎都正常，但没有任何内容保存到患者表中。
这是日志：
Started POST "/samples" for 127.0.0.1 at 2013-10-12 23:32:03 +0100
Processing by SamplesController#create as HTML
Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"13OKZ8DaGJ4zTb35q+ymSzx7r+Ipxou1u+XrR4jtyeI=", "sample"=>{"result"=>"teste 3", "approved"=>"0"}, "patient"=>{"patient_name"=>"Joao", "date_of_birth(1i)"=>"2013", "date_of_birth(2i)"=>"10", "date_of_birth(3i)"=>"10"}, "commit"=>"Create Sample"}
(0.1ms) begin transaction
SQL (0.5ms) INSERT INTO "samples" ("approved", "created_at", "patientID", "result", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?) [["approved", false], ["created_at", Sat, 12 Oct 2013 22:32:03 UTC +00:00], ["patientID", nil], ["result", "teste 3"], ["updated_at", Sat, 12 Oct 2013 22:32:03 UTC +00:00]]
(2.4ms) commit transaction
Redirected to http://localhost:3000/samples/3
Completed 302 Found in 6ms (ActiveRecord: 2.9ms)
正如您在日志中看到的，它仅保存到示例表中。我可以这样使用accepts_nested_attributes_for吗？有没有办法实现我想要的？还是我应该尝试不同的方法？
更新：这是我的患者和示例控制器的代码：
患者控制器.rb
def new
@patient = Patient.new
respond_to do |format|
format.html # new.html.erb
format.json { render json: @patient }
end
end
def create
@patient = Patient.new(params[:patient])
respond_to do |format|
if @patient.save
format.html { redirect_to @patient, notice: 'Patient was successfully created.' }
format.json { render json: @patient, status: :created, location: @patient }
else
format.html { render action: "new" }
format.json { render json: @patient.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end
samples_controller.rb
def new
@sample = Sample.new
@sample.build_patient #suggested by El Key
respond_to do |format|
format.html # new.html.erb
format.json { render json: @sample }
end
end
def create
@sample = Sample.new(params[:sample])
respond_to do |format|
if @sample.save
format.html { redirect_to @sample, notice: 'Sample was successfully created.' }
format.json { render json: @sample, status: :created, location: @sample }
else
format.html { render action: "new" }
format.json { render json: @sample.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end
这是我遵循 El Key 建议后的更新日志：
Started POST "/samples" for 127.0.0.1 at 2013-10-17 00:20:05 +0100
Processing by SamplesController#create as HTML
Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"NZXQUdd8tQc206LdEuYF5iO5+89wlfza0VbbvgBGNuI=", "sample"=>{"result"=>"teste 9", "patientID"=>"", "approved"=>"0", "patient_attributes"=>{"patient_name"=>"Sergio", "date_of_birth(1i)"=>"2013", "date_of_birth(2i)"=>"10", "date_of_birth(3i)"=>"2"}}, "commit"=>"Create Sample"}
Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 1ms
ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error - Can't mass-assign protected attributes: patient_attributes:
如您所见，现在我遇到了“无法批量分配受保护的属性”的问题，但是这不应该因为我在示例模型上有“患者属性”而起作用吗？
在我解决这个问题后，我将尝试在提交之前先检查患者是否存在，并尝试在患者姓名上执行 SAYT ......但这是未来的一步！
谢谢你的帮助
在遵循 El-Key 的建议和建议后，我找到了解决方案
更新，最终代码 - 我的解决方案
模型/样本.rb
class Sample < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :approved, :patient_id, :result, :patient_attributes
belongs_to :patient
accepts_nested_attributes_for :patient
end
模型/患者.rb
class Patient < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :date_of_birth, :patient_name
has_many :samples
end
控制器/samples_controller
def new
@sample = Sample.new
@sample.build_patient
respond_to do |format|
format.html # new.html.erb
format.json { render json: @sample }
end
end
def create
@sample = Sample.new(params[:sample])
respond_to do |format|
if @sample.save
format.html { redirect_to @sample, notice: 'Sample was successfully created.' }
format.json { render json: @sample, status: :created, location: @sample }
else
format.html { render action: "new" }
format.json { render json: @sample.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end
意见/样本/_form.html.erb
<%= form_for(@sample) do |f| %>
<% if @sample.errors.any? %>
<div id="error_explanation">
<h2><%= pluralize(@sample.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this sample from being saved:</h2>
<ul>
<% @sample.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>
<li><%= msg %></li>
<% end %>
</ul>
</div>
<% end %>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :result %><br />
<%= f.text_area :result %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :patient_id, 'Patient ID' %><br />
<%= f.text_area :patient_id %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= f.label :approved %><br />
<%= f.check_box :approved %>
</div>
<div><%= render 'patient', f: f %></div>
<div class="actions">
<%= f.submit %>
</div>
<% end %>
意见/样本/_patient.html.erb
<%= f.fields_for :patient do |p| %>
<div class="field">
<%= p.label :patient_name %><br />
<%= p.text_field :patient_name %>
</div>
<div class="field">
<%= p.label :date_of_birth %><br />
<%= p.date_select :date_of_birth %>
</div>
<% end %>