192

为什么可以像这样在 JavaScript 中调用函数,用 node.js 测试:

~$ node
> function hi() { console.log("Hello, World!"); };
undefined
> hi
[Function: hi]
> hi()
Hello, World!
undefined
> hi)( // WTF?
Hello, World!
undefined
>

为什么最后一个电话hi)(,,工作?它是 node.js 中的错误、V8 引擎中的错误、官方未定义的行为,还是对所有解释器都有效的 JavaScript?

4

3 回答 3

201

这是由于 REPL 如何评估输入,最终是:

(hi)()

添加额外的括号以强制它成为Expression

  // First we attempt to eval as expression with parens.
  // This catches '{a : 1}' properly.
  self.eval('(' + evalCmd + ')',
      // ...

目的是将{...}其视为Object文字/初始化程序而不是

var stmt = '{ "foo": "bar" }';
var expr = '(' + stmt + ')';

console.log(eval(expr)); // Object {foo: "bar"}
console.log(eval(stmt)); // SyntaxError: Unexpected token :

而且,正如 leesei 所提到的,这已针对 0.11.x 进行了更改,它将仅包装{ ... }而不是所有输入:

  if (/^\s*\{/.test(evalCmd) && /\}\s*$/.test(evalCmd)) {
    // It's confusing for `{ a : 1 }` to be interpreted as a block
    // statement rather than an object literal.  So, we first try
    // to wrap it in parentheses, so that it will be interpreted as
    // an expression.
    evalCmd = '(' + evalCmd + ')\n';
  } else {
    // otherwise we just append a \n so that it will be either
    // terminated, or continued onto the next expression if it's an
    // unexpected end of input.
    evalCmd = evalCmd + '\n';
  }
于 2013-10-11T06:12:11.153 回答
84

似乎是 Node REPL 的 bug,将这两行放在 a 中.js会导致语法错误。

function hi() { console.log("Hello, World!"); }
hi)(

错误:

SyntaxError: Unexpected token )
    at Module._compile (module.js:439:25)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10)
    at Module.load (module.js:356:32)
    at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12)
    at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:497:10)
    at startup (node.js:119:16)
    at node.js:901:3

提交的问题#6634

转载于 v0.10.20。


v0.11.7 已修复此问题。

$ nvm run 0.11.7
Running node v0.11.7
> function hi() { console.log("Hello, World!"); }
undefined
>  hi)(
SyntaxError: Unexpected token )
    at Object.exports.createScript (vm.js:44:10)
    at REPLServer.defaultEval (repl.js:117:23)
    at REPLServer.b [as eval] (domain.js:251:18)
    at Interface.<anonymous> (repl.js:277:12)
    at Interface.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:103:17)
    at Interface._onLine (readline.js:194:10)
    at Interface._line (readline.js:523:8)
    at Interface._ttyWrite (readline.js:798:14)
    at ReadStream.onkeypress (readline.js:98:10)
    at ReadStream.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:106:17)
> 
于 2013-10-11T05:44:58.523 回答
60

对于这个问题https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/5698有一个 4 个月前提出的错误

问题在于,REPL 将语句括在括号中。所以

foo)(

变成

(foo)()

实际解释可以在这里找到https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/5698#issuecomment-19487718

于 2013-10-11T06:14:56.157 回答