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我是 ruby​​ on rails 的新手，我只是在阅读http://ruby.railstutorial.org/chapters/static-pages#top作为教程所说的，我已经创建了 sample_app 包或项目。现在在第 3.2.1 节中，我正在测试该应用程序。首先我从 cmd 运行以下命令

$ rails generate integration_test static_pages

这在 spec/requests 目录中创建了 static_pages_spec.rb。现在在 spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb 中添加以下代码

 require 'spec_helper'

 describe "Static pages" do

  describe "Home page" do

    it "should have the content 'Sample App'" do
     visit '/static_pages/home'
    expect(page).to have_content('Sample App')
   end
  end
 end

在这个阶段，我在 sample_app/spec/spec_helper.rb 文件中添加以下代码

config.include Capybara::DSL

所以我的文件看起来像

# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
    ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
    require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
    require 'rspec/rails'
    require 'rspec/autorun'

    # Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
    # in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
    Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each { |f| require f }

    # Checks for pending migrations before tests are run.
    # If you are not using ActiveRecord, you can remove this line.
    ActiveRecord::Migration.check_pending! if defined?(ActiveRecord::Migration)

    RSpec.configure do |config|
      # ## Mock Framework
      #
      # If you prefer to use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
      #
      # config.mock_with :mocha
      # config.mock_with :flexmock
      # config.mock_with :rr

      # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
      config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

      # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
      # examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false
      # instead of true.
      config.use_transactional_fixtures = true

      # If true, the base class of anonymous controllers will be inferred
      # automatically. This will be the default behavior in future versions of
      # rspec-rails.
      config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false

      # Run specs in random order to surface order dependencies. If you find an
      # order dependency and want to debug it, you can fix the order by providing
      # the seed, which is printed after each run.
      #     --seed 1234
      config.order = "random"
      config.include Capybara::DSL
    end

我有 app/views/static_pages/home.html.erb

<h1>Sample App</h1>
<p>
 This is the home page for the
 <a href="http://railstutorial.org/">Ruby on Rails Tutorial</a>
 sample application.
 </p>

并运行命令

$ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb

它给出了错误

c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/spec_helper.rb:42:in `block in <top (
      required)>': uninitialized constant Capybara (NameError)
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core.rb:120:in `configure'
              from c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/spec_helper.rb:15:in `<t
      op (required)>'
              from c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/requests/static_pages_sp
      ec.rb:1:in `require'
              from c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/requests/static_pages_sp
      ec.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `load'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `block in load_spec_files'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `each'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `load_spec_files'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:17:in `block in autorun'

我已经按照 git 步骤 1->gem install capybara step 2->require 'capybara/rails' in sample_app/spec/spec_helper.rb 中的方向安装了 capybara，但它仍然显示 capybara rails 的加载错误，现在我运行相同的命令，即 $ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb

我收到以下错误

C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/act
      ive_support/dependencies.rb:228:in `require': cannot load such file -- capybara/
      rspec (LoadError)
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-
      4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:228:in `block in require'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-
      4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:213:in `load_dependency'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-
      4.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:228:in `require'
              from c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/spec_helper.rb:8:in `<to
      p (required)>'
              from c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/requests/static_pages_sp
      ec.rb:1:in `require'
              from c:/wamp/www/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/requests/static_pages_sp
      ec.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `load'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `block in load_spec_files'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `each'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:896:in `load_spec_files'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run'
              from C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby1.9.3/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/rspec-core-2.1
      4.5/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:17:in `block in autorun'

我的gemfile是

source 'https://rubygems.org'

        # Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
        gem 'rails', '4.0.0'

        # Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
        gem 'sqlite3'

        # Use SCSS for stylesheets
        gem 'sass-rails', '~> 4.0.0'

        # Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
        gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'

        # Use CoffeeScript for .js.coffee assets and views
        gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.0.0'

        # See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
        # gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

        # Use jquery as the JavaScript library
        gem 'jquery-rails'

        # Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks
        gem 'turbolinks'

        # Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
        gem 'jbuilder', '~> 1.2'

        group :doc do
          # bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api.
          gem 'sdoc', require: false
        end

        # Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
        # gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.0'

        # Use unicorn as the app server
        # gem 'unicorn'

        # Use Capistrano for deployment
        # gem 'capistrano', group: :development

        # Use debugger
        # gem 'debugger', group: [:development, :test]
        group :development, :test do
          gem 'rspec-rails',      ">= 2.0.0.beta"
        end

        gem 'rubyzip'

如果我删除 config.include Capybara::DSL 然后我得到失败错误

请给我正确的方向......提前谢谢

4

1 回答 1

2

由于您使用的是 Bundler（即您有一个 Bundler Gemfile），因此您需要确保 Capybara 也在其中，否则您的 rails 应用程序将不知道 gem 已安装。更新您Gemfile以在开发/测试环境中包含水豚：

group :development, :test do
  gem 'rspec-rails',      ">= 2.0.0.beta"
  gem 'capybara'
end
于 2013-10-08T11:56:00.737 回答