python - 使用 Tkinter (Python) 向框架添加滚动条

Question

在放置要显示的初始选项的数量之后，我有一个简单的 GUI，它向用户显示了一些选项。在这种情况下，4：

通过单击，Add row您可以向 GUI 添加一行。问题是，如果用户想要 100 个选项，那么 GUI 会变得特别大，并且不会显示所有选项。

所以我想只在选项空间上有一个滚动条，而不是其余部分。对不起，糟糕的 Photoshop，但我想要这样的东西：

选项空间是FrameTwo，所以我想要FrameTwo滚动条的整个内部，如上图所示。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Tkinter import *
import Image
import ImageTk
import tkFileDialog
import datetime

class Planificador(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.master = master
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.master.title("Plan")
        self.frameOne = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameOne.grid(row=0,column=0)
        self.frameTwo = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameTwo.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.frameThree = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameThree.grid(row=2, column=0)

        # Borrar esto?
        self.txt = Text(self)
        self.txt.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

        self.piezastext = Label(self.frameOne, text = " Amount of pieces ", justify="center")
        self.piezastext.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.entrypiezas = Entry(self.frameOne,width=3)
        self.entrypiezas.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=(5,5))
        self.aceptarnumpiezas = Button(self.frameOne,text="Click me", command=self.aceptar_piezas,width=8)
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=(5,5))

    def aceptar_piezas(self):
        try:
            val = int(self.entrypiezas.get())
            self.aceptar_piezas_ok()
        except ValueError:
            showerror('Error', "Introduce un numero")

    def aceptar_piezas_ok(self):
        self.num_piezas = self.entrypiezas.get()

        self.piezastext.grid_remove()
        self.entrypiezas.grid_remove()
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid_remove()

        self.optionmenus_piezas = list()
        self.numpiezas = []
        self.numerolotes = []
        self.optionmenus_prioridad = list()
        self.lotes = list()

        self.mispiezas = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five']

        self.n = 1
        while self.n <= int(self.num_piezas):
            self.textopieza = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopieza.grid(row=self.n, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=self.n, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.frameTwo,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=self.n, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=self.n, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=self.n, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=self.n, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.frameTwo, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=self.n, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)
            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)

            self.n += 1

        self.anadirpiezas = Button(self.frameThree, text="Add row", command=self.addpieza, width=10)
        self.anadirpiezas.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=(10,10))

        self.calculotext = Label(self.frameThree, text = "Other stuff ")
        self.calculotext.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=(10,0), pady=(10,10))

        self.graspbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 1", width=10)
        self.graspbutton.grid(row=2, column=1)

        self.parettobutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2",width=10)
        self.parettobutton.grid(row=2, column=2, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))

        self.parettoEvolbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2", width=10)
        self.parettoEvolbutton.grid(row=2, column=3, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))


    def addpieza(self):
            self.textopiezanuevo = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopiezanuevo.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.frameTwo,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.frameTwo, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)

            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)
            self.num_piezas = int(self.num_piezas)+1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    aplicacion = Planificador(root)
    root.mainloop()

FrameOne用于放置我删除的图像以使此示例更简单。并且FrameThree是您可以在 GUI 底部看到的按钮。

因此，如果有人可以帮我一把并告诉我如何将整个FrameTwo滚动条放入其中，这将非常有帮助，正如您在第三张图片中看到的那样。

提前致谢。

Answer 1

您的问题之一是“frameTwo”的大小没有限制。如果你不限制它的大小，你添加的任何滚动条都不会起作用。但是限制你的框架的大小有限制你可以网格的行数的不便，使滚动条再次无用。

一种解决方案是在“frameTwo”内创建一个框架，以接收您创建的作品。这样，一方面，允许您限制“frameTwo”的大小并将滚动条附加到它，另一方面，允许您将添加到位于“frameTwo”内部的框架中的部分网格化，命名为，“列表框”。当“ListFrame”大小变得大于“frameTwo”大小时，您现在可以使滚动条工作。

我用上面提到的更改更改了您的代码。一探究竟。更改在代码中进行了注释。对不起，简短的解释，但我有点着急。当我有更多时间时，我可能会编辑这个答案。

PS：对不起，如果我的英语不是最好的

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Tkinter import *
import Image
import ImageTk
import tkFileDialog
import datetime

class Planificador(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.master = master
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.master.title("Plan")
        self.frameOne = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameOne.grid(row=0,column=0)

        self.frameTwo = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameTwo.grid(row=1, column=0)

        #Creating of a new frame, inside of "frameTwo" to the objects to be inserted
        #Creating a scrollbar

        #The reason for this, is to attach the scrollbar to "FrameTwo", and when the size of frame "ListFrame" exceed the size of frameTwo, the scrollbar acts
        self.canvas=Canvas(self.frameTwo)
        self.listFrame=Frame(self.canvas)
        self.scrollb=Scrollbar(self.master, orient="vertical",command=self.canvas.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='nsew')  #grid scrollbar in master, but
        self.canvas['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set   #attach scrollbar to frameTwo

        self.canvas.create_window((0,0),window=self.listFrame,anchor='nw')
        self.listFrame.bind("<Configure>", self.AuxscrollFunction)
        self.scrollb.grid_forget()                         #Forget scrollbar because the number of pieces remains undefined by the user. But this not destroy it. It will be "remembered" later.

        self.canvas.pack(side="left")
        self.frameThree = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameThree.grid(row=2, column=0)

        # Borrar esto?
        self.txt = Text(self)
        self.txt.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

        self.piezastext = Label(self.frameOne, text = " Amount of pieces ", justify="center")
        self.piezastext.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.entrypiezas = Entry(self.frameOne,width=3)
        self.entrypiezas.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=(5,5))
        self.aceptarnumpiezas = Button(self.frameOne,text="Click me", command=self.aceptar_piezas,width=8)
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=(5,5))

    def AuxscrollFunction(self,event):
        #You need to set a max size for frameTwo. Otherwise, it will grow as needed, and scrollbar do not act
        self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"),width=600,height=500)

    def aceptar_piezas(self):



        #IMPORTANT!!! All the objects are now created in "ListFrame" and not in "frameTwo"
        #I perform the alterations. Check it out
        try:
            val = int(self.entrypiezas.get())
            self.aceptar_piezas_ok()
            self.scrollb.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='nsew')  #grid scrollbar in master, because user had defined the numer of pieces
        except ValueError:
            showerror('Error', "Introduce un numero")

    def aceptar_piezas_ok(self):
        self.num_piezas = self.entrypiezas.get()

        self.piezastext.grid_remove()
        self.entrypiezas.grid_remove()
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid_remove()

        self.optionmenus_piezas = list()
        self.numpiezas = []
        self.numerolotes = []
        self.optionmenus_prioridad = list()
        self.lotes = list()

        self.mispiezas = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five']

        self.n = 1
        while self.n <= int(self.num_piezas):
            self.textopieza = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopieza.grid(row=self.n, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=self.n, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.listFrame,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=self.n, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=self.n, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=self.n, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=self.n, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.listFrame, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=self.n, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)
            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)

            self.n += 1

        self.anadirpiezas = Button(self.frameThree, text="Add row", command=self.addpieza, width=10)
        self.anadirpiezas.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=(10,10))

        self.calculotext = Label(self.frameThree, text = "Other stuff ")
        self.calculotext.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=(10,0), pady=(10,10))

        self.graspbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 1", width=10)
        self.graspbutton.grid(row=2, column=1)

        self.parettobutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2",width=10)
        self.parettobutton.grid(row=2, column=2, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))

        self.parettoEvolbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2", width=10)
        self.parettoEvolbutton.grid(row=2, column=3, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))


    def addpieza(self):
            self.textopiezanuevo = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopiezanuevo.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.listFrame,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.listFrame, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)

            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)
            self.num_piezas = int(self.num_piezas)+1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    aplicacion = Planificador(root)
    root.mainloop()

Answer 2

FrameTwo 中有选项菜单、标签、输入框和复选按钮。您希望整个框架的滚动条如何工作？它会同时滚动所有小部件吗？Tkinter 滚动条通常附加到列表框、画布、条目小部件和文本字段。 http://effbot.org/zone/tkinter-scrollbar-patterns.htm 想出一个简单的例子来说明问题以获得进一步的帮助。