当 bash/zsh 执行以下操作时发生了什么:
~ » /usr/bin/time -l sleep 1
1.00 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys
516096 maximum resident set size
0 average shared memory size
0 average unshared data size
0 average unshared stack size
145 page reclaims
0 page faults
0 swaps
0 block input operations
0 block output operations
0 messages sent
0 messages received
0 signals received
0 voluntary context switches
2 involuntary context switches
------------------------------------------------------------
~ » time -l sleep 1
zsh: command not found: -l
-l sleep 1 0.00s user 0.00s system 52% cpu 0.001 total
------------------------------------------------------------
~ » /usr/bin/time foo
foo: No such file or directory
0.00 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys
------------------------------------------------------------
~ » time foo
zsh: command not found: foo
foo 0.00s user 0.00s system 52% cpu 0.001 total
为什么我使用时间的方式会有所不同,为什么 zsh 试图执行-l
?
奇怪的是,zsh 说
~ » which time
time: shell reserved word
虽然 bash 没有:
~ » bash
bash-3.2$ which time
/usr/bin/time
bash-3.2$ time foo
bash: foo: command not found
real 0m0.006s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.003s
bash-3.2$ /usr/bin/time foo
foo: No such file or directory
0.00 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys
bash-3.2$ time -l sleep 1
bash: -l: command not found
real 0m0.001s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.001s
bash-3.2$ /usr/bin/time -l sleep 1
1.00 real 0.00 user 0.00 sys
516096 maximum resident set size
0 average shared memory size
0 average unshared data size
0 average unshared stack size
144 page reclaims
0 page faults
0 swaps
0 block input operations
1 block output operations
0 messages sent
0 messages received
0 signals received
2 voluntary context switches
2 involuntary context switches