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我使用 Railscasts 创建了一个上传 CSV 和 Excel 文件的功能。导入 CSV 文件运行良好，但是当我使用 Ryan 的代码使用 Roo gem 导入 Excel 工作表时，它会引发错误：

InventoryItemsController#import 中的 TypeError “无法将 nil 转换为哈希”

这是控制器中的导入方法：

def import 
  InventoryItem.import(params[:file])
  redirect_to inventory_items_path, notice: "Inventory Items imported successfully!"
end

我require 'roo'在 application.rb 文件中还有require 'csv'

模型中的代码是：

def self.import(file)
  spreadsheet = open_spreadsheet(file)
  header = spreadsheet.row(1)
  (2..spreadsheet.last_row).each do |i|
    row = Hash[[header, spreadsheet.row(i)].transpose]
    inventory_item = InventoryItem.find_by_inventory_id(row["inventory_id"]) || new
    inventory_item.attributes = row.to_hash #.slice(*accessible_attributes)
    inventory_item.save!
  end
end

def self.open_spreadsheet(file)
  binding.pry
  case File.extname(file.original_filename)
  when ".csv" then CSV.new(file.path, nil)
  when ".xls" then Excel.new(file.path, nil)
  when ".xlsx" then Excelx.new(file.path, nil)
  else raise "Unknown file type: #{file.original_filename}"
  end
end

所以，我坚持的一点是 CSV 文件使用以下代码成功导入：

  def self.import(file)
    CSV.foreach(file.path, headers: true) do |row|
      inventory_item = InventoryItem.find_by_inventory_id(row["inventory_id"]) || new
      inventory_item.attributes = row.to_hash #.slice(*accessible_attributes)
      inventory_item.save!
    end
  end

但是在使用上面的代码时它不起作用（self.import with self.open_spreadsheet）。

这是使用 Roo gem，我认为在方法中需要进行一些重写，但我不太确定......我一直坚持下一步该做什么才能让它发挥作用。

任何帮助将非常感激！谢谢！

完整的错误跟踪：

TypeError (can't convert nil into Hash)
/Users/marcacyr/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1565:in `merge'
/Users/marcacyr/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/csv.rb:1565:in `initialize'
app/models/inventory_item.rb:27:in `new'
app/models/inventory_item.rb:27:in `open_spreadsheet'
app/models/inventory_item.rb:14:in `import'
app/controllers/inventory_items_controller.rb:85:in `import'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:150:in `process_action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:11:in `process_action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:18:in `block in process_action'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:476:in `_run__2908593346646715497__process_action__1677791179652643815__callbacks'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:410:in `_run_process_action_callbacks'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:94:in `run_callbacks'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:17:in `process_action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `block in process_action'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:52:in `block in instrument'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:21:in `instrument'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:52:in `instrument'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:29:in `process_action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:17:in `process_action'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/agent/instrumentation/rails3/action_controller.rb:38:in `block in process_action'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/agent/instrumentation/controller_instrumentation.rb:318:in `perform_action_with_newrelic_trace'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/agent/instrumentation/rails3/action_controller.rb:37:in `process_action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:119:in `process'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:41:in `process'
rack-mini-profiler (0.1.31) Ruby/lib/mini_profiler/profiling_methods.rb:108:in `block in profile_method'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:138:in `dispatch'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:14:in `dispatch'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:178:in `block in action'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:62:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:62:in `dispatch'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:27:in `call'
rack-mount (0.6.14) lib/rack/mount/route_set.rb:148:in `block in call'
rack-mount (0.6.14) lib/rack/mount/code_generation.rb:93:in `block in recognize'
rack-mount (0.6.14) lib/rack/mount/code_generation.rb:68:in `optimized_each'
rack-mount (0.6.14) lib/rack/mount/code_generation.rb:92:in `recognize'
rack-mount (0.6.14) lib/rack/mount/route_set.rb:139:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:493:in `call'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/rack/error_collector.rb:12:in `call'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/rack/agent_hooks.rb:18:in `call'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/rack/browser_monitoring.rb:16:in `call'
newrelic_rpm (3.6.1.88) lib/new_relic/rack/developer_mode.rb:28:in `call'
meta_request (0.2.7) lib/meta_request/middlewares/app_request_handler.rb:13:in `call'
rack-contrib (1.1.0) lib/rack/contrib/response_headers.rb:17:in `call'
meta_request (0.2.7) lib/meta_request/middlewares/headers.rb:16:in `call'
meta_request (0.2.7) lib/meta_request/middlewares/meta_request_handler.rb:13:in `call'
meta_request (0.2.7) lib/meta_request/middlewares/request_id.rb:24:in `call'
bullet (4.6.0) lib/bullet/rack.rb:10:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/best_standards_support.rb:17:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/head.rb:14:in `call'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:24:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:21:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:182:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb:149:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:302:in `call'
activerecord (3.0.9) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:32:in `block in call'
activerecord (3.0.9) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/query_cache.rb:28:in `cache'
activerecord (3.0.9) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:12:in `cache'
activerecord (3.0.9) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:31:in `call'
activerecord (3.0.9) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:354:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:46:in `block in call'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:416:in `_run_call_callbacks'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:44:in `call'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:106:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:48:in `call'
airbrake (3.1.12) lib/airbrake/rails/middleware.rb:13:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:47:in `call'
railties (3.0.9) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:13:in `call'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
activesupport (3.0.9) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:72:in `call'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/lock.rb:13:in `block in call'
<internal:prelude>:10:in `synchronize'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/lock.rb:13:in `call'
actionpack (3.0.9) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:30:in `call'
rack-mini-profiler (0.1.31) Ruby/lib/mini_profiler/profiler.rb:278:in `call'
airbrake (3.1.12) lib/airbrake/user_informer.rb:16:in `_call'
airbrake (3.1.12) lib/airbrake/user_informer.rb:12:in `call'
railties (3.0.9) lib/rails/application.rb:168:in `call'
railties (3.0.9) lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing'
railties (3.0.9) lib/rails/rack/log_tailer.rb:14:in `call'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/content_length.rb:13:in `call'
rack (1.2.8) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:52:in `service'
/Users/marcacyr/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
/Users/marcacyr/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
/Users/marcacyr/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:191:in `block in start_thread'
4

2 回答 2

3

错误指向您尝试创建新的位置CSV，并且错误告诉您究竟出了什么问题。它不能将 nil 转换为哈希。而不是CSV.new(file.path, nil)你应该做CSV.new(file.path, {})or CSV.new(file.path)。

于 2013-10-04T21:27:51.987 回答
2

对于 Rails 4 和 Ruby 2，当遵循Railscast #396时出现错误“500 Internal Server Error”

我现在的解决方案是使用：

Roo::CSV.new(file.path, csv_options: {col_sep: ";"})

代替

Csv.new(file.path, nil, :ignore)
于 2014-05-09T05:41:40.660 回答