c++ - 段故障：未知原因

Question

我一直在段错误。我不知道为什么。尝试每隔几行打印一个“ok”语句以向我展示错误所在的位置，但它在打印出第一个之前就出现了故障。我认为它可能会卡在运算符重载中，或者可能在某些函数调用之间，但这并不能解释为什么它甚至没有打印出单个“ok”语句

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

 class isprime{
    public:
        isprime();
        void start(int thing);
        bool test(int target);
        void check(int x);
        void checktwo(int xtwo);

        int operator()(int p);

    private:
        void path(int targ);   
        vector<int> testing;
        int b;
};

int main ()
{
    int given;

    while(cin>>given)
    {
        isprime Begin;
        Begin.start(given);//check input as long as there is input
    }
    return 0;
}

void isprime::start(int thing)
{
    if(test(thing) == 1)
    {
        cout<<thing<<" is a prime number.";
    }
    else
    {
        check(thing);
    }
}

isprime::isprime()
{
    testing[0] = {2};
    b = 0;
}

void isprime::check(int x)//checks if input is prime, and sets up next step if so
{
    int s;
    if(x == 0 || x == 1 || x == -1 || x == 2 || x == -2)
    {
        cout<<x<<" is a prime number.";
    }
    else
    {
        for(int i = 2; i < x; i++)
        {
            s = x % i;
            if(s == 0)
            {
                b = 1;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(s != 0)
        {
            cout<<x<<" is a prime number.";
        }
        path(x);
    }
}

bool isprime::test (int target)//see if input is already in list
{
    for(int i = 0; i < testing.size(); i++)
    {
        if(target == testing[i])
        {
            return 1;
        }
    } 
    if(int i = testing.size() && target != testing[i])
    {
        return 0;//if not in list, must test whether it is prime
    } 
}

void isprime::path(int targ)
{
    int y = testing.back() + 1;
    while(y != targ)//find all primes between list end and input
    {
        checktwo(y);
        y++;
    }

    testing.push_back(targ);//add prime input to vector

    int storage = testing.size();//remember size
    int z = targ + 1;

    while(b = 1)//find the next prime while the target isn't prime
    {
        checktwo(z);
        if(testing.size() != storage)//if the size changed, the next prime has been found
        {
            break;
        }
        z++;
    }
}
void isprime::checktwo(int xtwo)//modified check function to add prime numbers between the vector end and the input to the vector
{
    int s;
    if( xtwo == -2 || xtwo == -1 || xtwo == 0 || xtwo == 1 || xtwo == 2)
    {
        testing.push_back(xtwo);
    }
    else
    {
        for(int i = 2; i < xtwo; i++)
        {
            s = xtwo % i;
            if(s == 0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
        if(s != 0)
        {
            testing.push_back(xtwo);
        }
    }
} 

int operator()(int p)
{
    test(p);//calls a private member function to expand list of prime numbers (test)
}

Answer 1

这是问题所在：

isprime::isprime()
{
    testing[0] = {2}; //<<---------- here
    b = 0;
}

此时“测试”的大小为零。测试是std::vector，你没有在构造函数中初始化它的大小，所以任何访问任何索引的尝试testing都会导致程序崩溃。（嗯，这是“未定义的行为”，但在你的情况下它会崩溃）。因为这发生在构造函数中，程序在进入“main()”时会崩溃。