FFmpeg 2.7 的可运行 mpg 示例
解释和超集示例：如何使用 GLUT/OpenGL 渲染到文件？
考虑https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/blob/n3.0/doc/examples/muxing.c来生成包含的格式。
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES 1
#include <GL/gl.h>
#include <GL/glu.h>
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <GL/glext.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libswscale/swscale.h>
enum Constants { SCREENSHOT_MAX_FILENAME = 256 };
static GLubyte *pixels = NULL;
static GLuint fbo;
static GLuint rbo_color;
static GLuint rbo_depth;
static const unsigned int HEIGHT = 100;
static const unsigned int WIDTH = 100;
static int offscreen = 1;
static unsigned int max_nframes = 100;
static unsigned int nframes = 0;
static unsigned int time0;
/* Model. */
static double angle;
static double delta_angle;
/* Adapted from: https://github.com/cirosantilli/cpp-cheat/blob/19044698f91fefa9cb75328c44f7a487d336b541/ffmpeg/encode.c */
static AVCodecContext *c = NULL;
static AVFrame *frame;
static AVPacket pkt;
static FILE *file;
static struct SwsContext *sws_context = NULL;
static uint8_t *rgb = NULL;
static void ffmpeg_encoder_set_frame_yuv_from_rgb(uint8_t *rgb) {
const int in_linesize[1] = { 4 * c->width };
sws_context = sws_getCachedContext(sws_context,
c->width, c->height, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB32,
c->width, c->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
0, NULL, NULL, NULL);
sws_scale(sws_context, (const uint8_t * const *)&rgb, in_linesize, 0,
c->height, frame->data, frame->linesize);
}
void ffmpeg_encoder_start(const char *filename, int codec_id, int fps, int width, int height) {
AVCodec *codec;
int ret;
avcodec_register_all();
codec = avcodec_find_encoder(codec_id);
if (!codec) {
fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
exit(1);
}
c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
if (!c) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video codec context\n");
exit(1);
}
c->bit_rate = 400000;
c->width = width;
c->height = height;
c->time_base.num = 1;
c->time_base.den = fps;
c->gop_size = 10;
c->max_b_frames = 1;
c->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
if (codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
av_opt_set(c->priv_data, "preset", "slow", 0);
if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec\n");
exit(1);
}
file = fopen(filename, "wb");
if (!file) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open %s\n", filename);
exit(1);
}
frame = av_frame_alloc();
if (!frame) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video frame\n");
exit(1);
}
frame->format = c->pix_fmt;
frame->width = c->width;
frame->height = c->height;
ret = av_image_alloc(frame->data, frame->linesize, c->width, c->height, c->pix_fmt, 32);
if (ret < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate raw picture buffer\n");
exit(1);
}
}
void ffmpeg_encoder_finish(void) {
uint8_t endcode[] = { 0, 0, 1, 0xb7 };
int got_output, ret;
do {
fflush(stdout);
ret = avcodec_encode_video2(c, &pkt, NULL, &got_output);
if (ret < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error encoding frame\n");
exit(1);
}
if (got_output) {
fwrite(pkt.data, 1, pkt.size, file);
av_packet_unref(&pkt);
}
} while (got_output);
fwrite(endcode, 1, sizeof(endcode), file);
fclose(file);
avcodec_close(c);
av_free(c);
av_freep(&frame->data[0]);
av_frame_free(&frame);
}
void ffmpeg_encoder_encode_frame(uint8_t *rgb) {
int ret, got_output;
ffmpeg_encoder_set_frame_yuv_from_rgb(rgb);
av_init_packet(&pkt);
pkt.data = NULL;
pkt.size = 0;
ret = avcodec_encode_video2(c, &pkt, frame, &got_output);
if (ret < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error encoding frame\n");
exit(1);
}
if (got_output) {
fwrite(pkt.data, 1, pkt.size, file);
av_packet_unref(&pkt);
}
}
void ffmpeg_encoder_glread_rgb(uint8_t **rgb, GLubyte **pixels, unsigned int width, unsigned int height) {
size_t i, j, k, cur_gl, cur_rgb, nvals;
const size_t format_nchannels = 4;
nvals = format_nchannels * width * height;
*pixels = realloc(*pixels, nvals * sizeof(GLubyte));
*rgb = realloc(*rgb, nvals * sizeof(uint8_t));
/* Get RGBA to align to 32 bits instead of just 24 for RGB. May be faster for FFmpeg. */
glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, *pixels);
for (i = 0; i < height; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < width; j++) {
cur_gl = format_nchannels * (width * (height - i - 1) + j);
cur_rgb = format_nchannels * (width * i + j);
for (k = 0; k < format_nchannels; k++)
(*rgb)[cur_rgb + k] = (*pixels)[cur_gl + k];
}
}
}
static int model_init(void) {
angle = 0;
delta_angle = 1;
}
static int model_update(void) {
angle += delta_angle;
return 0;
}
static int model_finished(void) {
return nframes >= max_nframes;
}
static void init(void) {
int glget;
if (offscreen) {
/* Framebuffer */
glGenFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
/* Color renderbuffer. */
glGenRenderbuffers(1, &rbo_color);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, rbo_color);
/* Storage must be one of: */
/* GL_RGBA4, GL_RGB565, GL_RGB5_A1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16, GL_STENCIL_INDEX8. */
glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RGB565, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, rbo_color);
/* Depth renderbuffer. */
glGenRenderbuffers(1, &rbo_depth);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, rbo_depth);
glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, rbo_depth);
glReadBuffer(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0);
/* Sanity check. */
assert(glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER));
glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE, &glget);
assert(WIDTH * HEIGHT < (unsigned int)glget);
} else {
glReadBuffer(GL_BACK);
}
glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
glViewport(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
time0 = glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME);
model_init();
ffmpeg_encoder_start("tmp.mpg", AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO, 25, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
}
static void deinit(void) {
printf("FPS = %f\n", 1000.0 * nframes / (double)(glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME) - time0));
free(pixels);
ffmpeg_encoder_finish();
free(rgb);
if (offscreen) {
glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &rbo_color);
glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &rbo_depth);
}
}
static void draw_scene(void) {
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
glRotatef(angle, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f( 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f);
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f);
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glVertex3f( 0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f);
glEnd();
}
static void display(void) {
char extension[SCREENSHOT_MAX_FILENAME];
char filename[SCREENSHOT_MAX_FILENAME];
draw_scene();
if (offscreen) {
glFlush();
} else {
glutSwapBuffers();
}
frame->pts = nframes;
ffmpeg_encoder_glread_rgb(&rgb, &pixels, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
ffmpeg_encoder_encode_frame(rgb);
nframes++;
if (model_finished())
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
static void idle(void) {
while (model_update());
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
GLint glut_display;
glutInit(&argc, argv);
if (argc > 1)
offscreen = 0;
if (offscreen) {
/* TODO: if we use anything smaller than the window, it only renders a smaller version of things. */
/*glutInitWindowSize(50, 50);*/
glutInitWindowSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
glut_display = GLUT_SINGLE;
} else {
glutInitWindowSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
glut_display = GLUT_DOUBLE;
}
glutInitDisplayMode(glut_display | GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutCreateWindow(argv[0]);
if (offscreen) {
/* TODO: if we hide the window the program blocks. */
/*glutHideWindow();*/
}
init();
glutDisplayFunc(display);
glutIdleFunc(idle);
atexit(deinit);
glutMainLoop();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}