2

我正在尝试使用 Nokogiri 解析 HTML 字符串，但遇到了一些递归问题，我不知道为什么。

给定这些命令：

string = <h3>Lancers were arranged.&nbsp;</h3>
         <div>Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.</div>
         <br>She leaned. He lit a <b>candle</b>.
         They followed him in silence, their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.<br>

body = Nokogiri::HTML(string)
result = []
body.traverse { |node| result << node }

我期望上述元素的数组。相反，我得到了这个：

[#<Nokogiri::XML::DTD:0x3fde1f3d5274 name="html">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56f7c name="body" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea575e4 name="html" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56f7c name="body" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">]>]>
#<Nokogiri::HTML::Document:0x3fde1f3d6084 name="document" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::DTD:0x3fde1f3d5274 name="html">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea575e4 name="html" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56f7c name="body" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1ea56a68 name="h3" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88d330 "Lancers were arranged. ">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88cd04 name="div" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88c764 "Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88c0fc name="br">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1e88b9e0 "She leaned. He lit a ">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1e88b5f8 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6c60 "candle">]>
#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fde1eba6454 ". They followed him in silence
their feet falling in soft thuds on the thickly carpeted stairs.">
#<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fde1eba5f54 name="br">]>]>]>]

对不起，长度。谁能帮我弄清楚为什么会这样？和/或如何预防？

4

2 回答 2

5

发生这种情况是因为traverse递归地在其自身及其所有子节点上调用提供的块。因此，它将您的 html 字符串的每个节点添加到result数组中，而不仅仅是顶级节点。您看到的“多个结果”是inspectNokogiri 节点定义方式的结果。例如，返回数组中的第 3 个元素表示h3节点，但也会打印其所有子text节点，其中包括作为数组第 2 个元素的节点。

如果您想result在文档中包含对每个节点的引用，那么这是正确的方法。如果您只想使用顶级节点children

于 2013-09-26T00:19:22.907 回答
2

当您解析不完整的 html 时，Nokogiri 会自动添加 doctype 以及 html 和 body 元素。您必须像这样解析它以避免这种行为：

body = Nokogiri::HTML::DocumentFragment.parse(your_html)

如果您希望结果是不包括文本节点的元素数组，您可以这样做：

result = body.xpath('./*')

然后结果（为清楚起见转换为字符串）将是：

["<h3>Lancers were arranged. </h3>",
 "<div>Gabriel found himself partnered with Miss Ivors.</div>",
 "<br>",
 "<b>candle</b>",
 "<br>"]
于 2013-09-26T00:19:16.460 回答