我有一个 MySQL 数据库，需要提供与分类相关的属性。我希望拥有所有属性的列表，包括分类中给定元素的“继承属性”。我不是 SQL 专家，我从这个网站学到了很多东西（并且抄袭了）。我在这里学到的一件事是使用闭包表来表示我的层次结构。我需要为我的数据库做的是将大量属性与层次结构中的元素相关联。但是，我似乎无法弄清楚如何获取与给定节点及其所有父节点关联的所有属性。我为此问题创建了以下示例数据库（请随意评论有关此架构的任何内容，假数据只是噪音）。
我的示例 MySQL 数据库结构如下所示：
-- Simple Sample
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS inheritance_tree_insert;
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS inheritance_tree_update;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS inheritance_paths;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS inheritance_tree;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS attributes;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;
CREATE TABLE `inheritance_tree` (
`it_id` INT NOT NULL, -- PK
`parent` INT, -- Parent id & FK
`child_order` INT, -- Oder of siblings
`name` VARCHAR(500) NOT NULL, -- Name for the entry
PRIMARY KEY (`it_id`),
FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES inheritance_tree(`it_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
INDEX(`name`)
) ENGINE = INNODB;
-- Trigger to update the paths table for new entries
DELIMITER //
CREATE TRIGGER `inheritance_tree_insert` AFTER INSERT ON `inheritance_tree` FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO `inheritance_paths` (`ancestor`, `descendant`, `len`)
SELECT `ancestor`, NEW.`it_id`, len + 1 FROM `inheritance_paths`
WHERE `descendant` = NEW.`parent`
UNION ALL SELECT NEW.`it_id`, NEW.`it_id`, 0;
END; //
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER //
CREATE TRIGGER `inheritance_tree_update` BEFORE UPDATE ON `inheritance_tree` FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- From http://www.mysqlperformanceblog.com/2011/02/14/moving-subtrees-in-closure-table/
IF OLD.`parent` != NEW.`parent` THEN
-- Remove the node from its current parent
DELETE a FROM `inheritance_paths` AS a
JOIN `inheritance_paths` AS d ON a.`descendant` = d.`descendant`
LEFT JOIN `inheritance_paths` AS x
ON x.`ancestor` = d.`ancestor` AND x.`descendant` = a.`ancestor`
WHERE d.`ancestor` = OLD.`it_id` AND x.`ancestor` IS NULL;
-- Add the node to its new parent
INSERT `inheritance_paths` (`ancestor`, `descendant`, `len`)
SELECT supertree.`ancestor`, subtree.`descendant`, supertree.`len`+subtree.`len`+1
FROM `inheritance_paths` AS supertree JOIN `inheritance_paths` AS subtree
WHERE subtree.`ancestor` = OLD.`it_id`
AND supertree.`descendant` = NEW.`parent`;
END IF;
END; //
DELIMITER ;
CREATE TABLE `inheritance_paths` (
`ancestor` INT NOT NULL,
`descendant` INT NOT NULL,
`len` INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ancestor`, `descendant`),
FOREIGN KEY (`ancestor`) REFERENCES inheritance_tree(`it_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE,
FOREIGN KEY (`descendant`) REFERENCES inheritance_tree(`it_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
) ENGINE = INNODB;
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(1, NULL, NULL, 'Animal');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(2, 1, 1, 'Mammal');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(3, 1, 2, 'Bird');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(4, 1, 3, 'Reptile');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(5, 2, 2, 'Feline');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(6, 2, 1, 'Bovine');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(7, 1, 3, 'Fish');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(8, 4, 1, 'Snake');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(9, 4, 2, 'Lizard');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(10, NULL, NULL, 'Machine');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(11, 10, 1, 'Automobile');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(12, 10, 2, 'OfficeMachine');
INSERT INTO `inheritance_tree` VALUES(13, 10, 3, 'Robot');
DELIMITER ;
CREATE TABLE `attributes` (
`a_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'the unique identifier',
`attribute_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`attribute_type` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a_id`),
KEY `fk_attributes_attribute_type1_idx` (`attribute_type`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_attributes_attribute_type1_idx` FOREIGN KEY (`attribute_type`) REFERENCES `inheritance_tree` (`it_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(1, 'IsAlive', 1); -- Animal
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(2, 'HasMaximumLifeSpan', 1); -- Animal
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(3, 'IsNotAlive', 10); -- Machine
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(4, 'HasIndeterminantLifeSpan', 10); -- Machine
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(5, 'BreathesAir', 2); -- Mammal
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(6, 'CanFly', 3); -- Bird
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(7, 'HasFeathers', 3); -- Bird
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(8, 'ColdBlooded', 4); -- Reptile
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(9, 'HasFourLegs', 5); -- Feline
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(10, 'HasFourLegs', 6); -- Bovine
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(11, 'ColdBlooded', 7); -- Fish
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(12, 'HasNoLegs', 8); -- Snake
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(13, 'HasFourLegs', 9); -- Lizard
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(14, 'ConsumesGasoline', 11); -- Automobile
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(15, 'ConsumesElectricity', 12); -- OfficeMachine
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(16, 'ConsumesElectricity', 13); -- Robot
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(17, 'WarmBlooded', 2); -- Mammal
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(18, 'WarmBlooded', 3); -- Bird
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(19, 'BreathesWater', 7); -- Fish
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(20, 'HasScales', 8); -- Snake
INSERT INTO `attributes` VALUES(21, 'HasSkin', 9); -- Lizard
假设：
1.分类中的所有实体都是唯一命名的。这意味着在任何分类树的任何地方都有一个且只有一个称为“鱼”的子类型。
2.属性不唯一，可能重复
目标：
给定输入类型“Lizard”，我想要一个返回以下属性记录列表的查询：
1，活着，1
2、有最大寿命、1
5，呼吸空气，2
8、冷血、4
13，有四条腿，9
21，哈斯金，9