41
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
    string str = null;
    Logger.InitUserLogWithRotation();            // <--- error occur
    ...
}

当我构建项目时,它没有错误。但是当我执行它时,它总是中止。

我试图调试项目,但 System.TypeInitializationException 错误发生在第一行。

我已经尝试谷歌搜索,但没有找到解决方案。

似乎任何变量初始化代码都是错误的,但找不到。

请帮我。我是 C# 的新手。

谢谢。

※ 这里是记录器类代码

public class Logger
{
    private static int HDLOG_PRIORITY_DEBUG = 4;
    private static int HDLOG_PRIORITY_ERROR = 1;
    private static int HDLOG_PRIORITY_FATAL = 0;
    private static int HDLOG_PRIORITY_INFO = 3;
    private static int HDLOG_PRIORITY_WARNING = 2;
    public static int LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG = 4;
    public static int LOG_LEVEL_ERROR = 2;
    public static int LOG_LEVEL_FATAL = 1;
    public static int LOG_LEVEL_INFO = 5;
    public static int LOG_LEVEL_WARNING = 3;
    private static string s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
    private static string s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");
    private static string s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);
    private static bool s_consoleLogging = false;
    private static FileStream s_fileStream;
    public static HdLoggerCallback s_HdLoggerCallback;
    private static string s_logDir = null;
    private static string s_logFileName = "XXXX";
    private static string s_logFilePath = null;
    public static int s_logFileSize = 0xa00000;
    private static bool s_loggerInited = false;
    private static string s_logLevels = null;
    private static int s_logRotationTime = 0x7530;
    private static string s_logStringDebug = "DEBUG";
    private static string s_logStringError = "ERROR";
    private static string s_logStringFatal = "FATAL";
    private static string s_logStringInfo = "INFO";
    private static string s_logStringWarning = "WARNING";
    private static int s_processId = -1;
    private static string s_processName = "Unknown";
    private static object s_sync = new object();
    public static int s_totalLogFileNum = 5;
    private static TextWriter writer = Console.Error;

    private static void Close()
    {
        if (!s_consoleLogging)
        {
            writer.Close();
            s_fileStream.Dispose();
            writer.Dispose();
        }
    }

    public static void Debug(string msg)
    {
        Debug("{0}", new object[] { msg });
    }

    public static void Debug(string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        Print(LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, s_processName, fmt, args);
    }

    private static void DoLogRotation()
    {
    Label_0000:
        Thread.Sleep(s_logRotationTime);
        try
        {
            lock (s_sync)
            {
                FileInfo info = new FileInfo(s_logFilePath);
                if (info.Length >= s_logFileSize)
                {
                    string destFileName = s_logFilePath + ".1";
                    string path = s_logFilePath + "." + s_totalLogFileNum;
                    if (File.Exists(path))
                    {
                        File.Delete(path);
                    }
                    for (int i = s_totalLogFileNum - 1; i >= 1; i--)
                    {
                        string str3 = s_logFilePath + "." + i;
                        string str4 = s_logFilePath + "." + (i + 1);
                        if (File.Exists(str3))
                        {
                            File.Move(str3, str4);
                        }
                    }
                    File.Move(s_logFilePath, destFileName);
                }
            }
            goto Label_0000;
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            goto Label_0000;
        }
    }

    public static void Error(string msg)
    {
        Error("{0}", new object[] { msg });
    }

    public static void Error(string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        Print(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, s_processName, fmt, args);
    }

    public static void Fatal(string msg)
    {
        Fatal("{0}", new object[] { msg });
    }

    public static void Fatal(string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        Print(LOG_LEVEL_FATAL, s_processName, fmt, args);
    }

    private static string GetLogDir(bool userSpecificLog)
    {
        string str;
        if (s_logDir != null)
        {
            return s_logDir;
        }
        try
        {
            if (userSpecificLog)
            {
                str = Path.Combine(s_bstUserDataDir, "Logs");
            }
            else
            {
                str = (string) Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"Software\XXXX").GetValue("LogDir");
            }
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            str = Path.Combine(s_bstUserDataDir, "Logs");
        }
        s_logDir = str;
        return str;
    }

    private static string GetPrefix(string tag, string logLevel)
    {
        int managedThreadId = Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
        DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
        return string.Format("{0:D4}-{1:D2}-{2:D2} {3:D2}:{4:D2}:{5:D2}.{6:D3} {7}:{8:X8} ({9}). {10}: ", new object[] { now.Year, now.Month, now.Day, now.Hour, now.Minute, now.Second, now.Millisecond, s_processId, managedThreadId, tag, logLevel });
    }

    public static TextWriter GetWriter()
    {
        return new Writer(delegate (string msg) {
            Print(msg);
        });
    }

    private static void HdLogger(int prio, uint tid, string tag, string msg)
    {
        int level = 0;
        if (prio == HDLOG_PRIORITY_FATAL)
        {
            level = LOG_LEVEL_FATAL;
        }
        else if (prio == HDLOG_PRIORITY_ERROR)
        {
            level = LOG_LEVEL_ERROR;
        }
        else if (prio == HDLOG_PRIORITY_WARNING)
        {
            level = LOG_LEVEL_WARNING;
        }
        else if (prio == HDLOG_PRIORITY_INFO)
        {
            level = LOG_LEVEL_INFO;
        }
        else if (prio == HDLOG_PRIORITY_DEBUG)
        {
            level = LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG;
        }
        Print(level, tag, "{0:X8}: {1}", new object[] { tid, msg });
    }

    public static void Info(string msg)
    {
        Info("{0}", new object[] { msg });
    }

    public static void Info(string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        Print(LOG_LEVEL_INFO, s_processName, fmt, args);
    }

    public static void InitConsoleLog()
    {
        InitLog("-", true, false);
    }

    public static void InitLog(string logFileName, bool userSpecificLog, bool doLogRotation)
    {
        s_loggerInited = true;
        s_HdLoggerCallback = new HdLoggerCallback(Logger.HdLogger);
        s_processId = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id;
        s_processName = Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessName;
        if (logFileName == "-")
        {
            writer = Console.Error;
            s_consoleLogging = true;
        }
        else
        {
            if (logFileName == null)
            {
                logFileName = s_logFileName;
            }
            if (userSpecificLog)
            {
                logFileName = logFileName + "Users";
            }
            string logDir = GetLogDir(userSpecificLog);
            string str2 = string.Format(@"{0}\{1}.log", logDir, logFileName);
            if (!Directory.Exists(logDir))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(logDir);
            }
            s_logFilePath = str2;
            LogLevelsInit();
            lock (s_sync)
            {
                Open();
            }
            if (doLogRotation)
            {
                new Thread(() => DoLogRotation()) { IsBackground = true }.Start();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void InitSystemLog()
    {
        InitLog(null, false, false);
    }

    public static void InitSystemLogWithRotation()
    {
        InitLog(null, false, true);
    }

    public static void InitUserLog()
    {
        InitLog(null, true, false);
    }

    public static void InitUserLogWithRotation()
    {
        InitLog(null, true, true);
    }

    private static bool IsLogLevelEnabled(string tag, string level)
    {
        if (s_logLevels == null)
        {
            return false;
        }
        return (s_logLevels.StartsWith("ALL") || s_logLevels.Contains((tag + ":" + level).ToUpper()));
    }

    private static void LogLevelsInit()
    {
        string name = @"Software\XXXX\Config";
        try
        {
            using (RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(name))
            {
                s_logLevels = (string) key.GetValue("DebugLogs");
            }
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            return;
        }
        if (s_logLevels != null)
        {
            s_logLevels = s_logLevels.ToUpper();
        }
    }

    private static void Open()
    {
        if (!s_consoleLogging)
        {
            if (!s_loggerInited)
            {
                InitLog("-", false, false);
                s_loggerInited = true;
            }
            else
            {
                s_fileStream = new FileStream(s_logFilePath, FileMode.Append, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Delete | FileShare.ReadWrite);
                writer = new StreamWriter(s_fileStream, Encoding.UTF8);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void Print(string msg)
    {
        Print("{0}", new object[] { msg });
    }

    public static void Print(string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        Print(LOG_LEVEL_INFO, s_processName, fmt, args);
    }

    public static void Print(int level, string tag, string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        string str = "UNKNOWN";
        if (level == LOG_LEVEL_FATAL)
        {
            str = s_logStringFatal;
        }
        else if (level == LOG_LEVEL_ERROR)
        {
            str = s_logStringError;
        }
        else if (level == LOG_LEVEL_WARNING)
        {
            str = s_logStringWarning;
        }
        else if (level == LOG_LEVEL_INFO)
        {
            str = s_logStringInfo;
        }
        else if (level == LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG)
        {
            str = s_logStringDebug;
        }
        if ((level != LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG) || IsLogLevelEnabled(tag, str))
        {
            lock (s_sync)
            {
                Open();
                writer.WriteLine(GetPrefix(tag, str) + fmt, args);
                writer.Flush();
                Close();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void SetLogDir(string logDir)
    {
        s_logDir = logDir;
    }

    public static void Warning(string msg)
    {
        Warning("{0}", new object[] { msg });
    }

    public static void Warning(string fmt, params object[] args)
    {
        Print(LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, s_processName, fmt, args);
    }

    public delegate void HdLoggerCallback(int prio, uint tid, string tag, string msg);

    public class Writer : TextWriter
    {
        private WriteFunc writeFunc;

        public Writer(WriteFunc writeFunc)
        {
            this.writeFunc = writeFunc;
        }

        public override void WriteLine(string msg)
        {
            this.writeFunc(msg);
        }

        public override void WriteLine(string fmt, object obj)
        {
            this.writeFunc(string.Format(fmt, obj));
        }

        public override void WriteLine(string fmt, object[] objs)
        {
            this.writeFunc(string.Format(fmt, objs));
        }

        public override System.Text.Encoding Encoding
        {
            get
            {
                return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
            }
        }

        public delegate void WriteFunc(string msg);
    }
}
4

11 回答 11

37

每当抛出 aTypeInitializationException时,请在抛出异常的语句中第一次检查您所指类型的所有初始化逻辑 - 在您的情况下:Logger.

初始化逻辑包括:类型的静态构造函数(如果我没有错过它 - 你没有for Logger)和字段初始化。

Logger除了以下几行之外,字段初始化几乎是“不重要的” :

private static string s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
private static string s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");
private static string s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);

s_commonAppDatanull在被调用的地方Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");。就我而言,这些初始化按照您编写它们的确切s_commonAppData顺序发生 - 所以至少要放置两行;)

于 2013-09-24T18:32:40.723 回答
18

System.TypeInitializationException当在加载类型的过程中执行的代码抛出异常时,就会发生这种情况。

当 .NET 加载该类型时,它必须在您第一次使用该类型之前准备好所有静态字段。有时,初始化需要运行代码。当该代码失败时,您会得到一个System.TypeInitializationException.

在您的特定情况下,以下三个静态字段运行一些代码:

private static string s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
private static string s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");
private static string s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);

请注意,这s_bstCommonAppData取决于s_commonAppData,但它是在其依赖项之前声明的。因此, 的值s_commonAppDatanullPath.Combine被调用时,导致ArgumentNullExceptions_bstUserDataDirand 也是如此s_bstCommonAppData:它们的声明顺序与所需的初始化顺序相反。

重新排序行以解决此问题:

private static string s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);
private static string s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
private static string s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");
于 2013-09-24T18:32:54.687 回答
6

这些行是您的问题(或者至少您的问题之一,如果还有更多问题):

private static string s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
private static string s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");
private static string s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);

您在其他静态成员的初始化程序中引用了一些静态成员。这是一个坏主意,因为编译器不知道初始化它们的顺序。结果是在初始化的过程中s_bstCommonAppData,依赖的字段s_commonAppData还没有被初始化,所以你正在调用Path.Combine(null, "XXXX")并且这个方法不接受空参数。

您可以通过确保首先声明其他字段的初始化中使用的字段来解决此问题:

private static string s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);
private static string s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
private static string s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");

或使用静态构造函数显式排序分配:

private static string s_bstCommonAppData;
private static string s_bstUserDataDir;
private static string s_commonAppData;

static Logger()
{
    s_commonAppData = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData);
    s_bstCommonAppData = Path.Combine(s_commonAppData, "XXXX");
    s_bstUserDataDir = Path.Combine(s_bstCommonAppData, "UserData");
}
于 2013-09-24T18:34:58.927 回答
4

一世。请检查InnerException物业TypeInitializationException

ii. 此外,这可能是由于程序集的运行时版本之间的不匹配而发生的。请验证主程序集(调用应用程序)和引用程序集的运行时版本

于 2016-05-05T12:57:44.757 回答
2

我知道这是一个老问题,但我最近遇到了这个错误,所以我想我会传递我的解决方案。

我的错误似乎源于旧的 App.Config 文件以及从 .Net 4.0 到 .Net 4.5.1 的“就地”升级。

当我在升级到 Framework 4.5.1 后启动旧项目时,我得到了 TypeInitializationException... 马上... 甚至无法单步执行一行代码。

创建一个全新的 wpf 项目进行测试后,我发现较新的 App.Config 文件要以下内容。

  <configSections>
    <sectionGroup name="userSettings" type="System.Configuration.UserSettingsGroup, System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" >
      <section name="YourAppName.Properties.Settings" type="System.Configuration.ClientSettingsSection, System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" allowExeDefinition="MachineToLocalUser" requirePermission="false" />
    </sectionGroup>
  </configSections>  

一旦我把它放进去,我就开始做生意了。

请注意,您的需求可能略有不同。我会创建一个虚拟项目,查看生成的 App.Config 文件,看看是否还有其他遗漏。

希望这可以帮助某人。快乐编码!

于 2015-03-04T17:03:42.987 回答
2

System.TypeInitializationException由于我的 .NET Framework 4 项目的 app.config 中出现不同的错误,我遇到了这种情况。感谢 pStan 让我查看 app.config。我的 configSections 已正确定义。但是,其中一个部分中的未定义元素导致引发异常。

底线是 app.config 中的问题会产生这种非常误导的信息TypeInitializationException

ConfigurationErrorsException通过等待访问配置值直到您在方法中而不是在代码的类级别,app.config 中的相同错误可以生成更有意义的错误。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

namespace ConfigTest
{
    class Program
    {
        public static string machinename;
        public static string hostname;
        public static NameValueCollection _AppSettings;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            machinename = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName().ToLower();
            hostname = "abc.com";// System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName()).HostName.ToLower().Replace(machinename + ".", "");
            _AppSettings = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("domain/" + hostname) as System.Collections.Specialized.NameValueCollection;
        }
    }
}
于 2015-04-23T19:47:43.203 回答
2

如果您在 appsetting 中有自定义属性。移动你的

     <configSections> 
     </configSections>

标记到<confuguration>.

于 2017-10-04T14:51:38.753 回答
0

作为TypeInitializationException类初始化器抛出的异常的包装器抛出的 。这个类不能被继承。

TypeInitializationException 也称为静态构造函数。

于 2014-07-28T13:23:22.380 回答
0

我有 system.typeinitialzationException 的错误,这是由于我尝试移动文件时造成的:

 File.Move(DestinationFilePath, SourceFilePath)

该错误是由于我实际上交换了路径,正确的是:

 File.Move(SourceFilePath, DestinationFilePath)
于 2015-01-13T08:04:44.253 回答
0

我有这个问题。如前所述,这可能是一个静态声明问题。就我而言,这是因为我在 DEBUG 子句中有一个静态。那是(在c#中)

#if DEBUG
    public static bool DOTHISISINDEBUGONLY = false;
#endif

一切正常,直到我编译了代码的发布版本,然后我得到了这个错误——即使在代码的旧版本上也是如此。一旦我将变量从 DEBUG 子句中取出,一切都恢复正常。

于 2015-11-30T08:48:05.323 回答
0

有一个类似的问题得到同样的例外。花了一些时间定位。在我的情况下,我有一个带有构造函数的静态实用程序类,该构造函数抛出异常(包装它)。所以我的问题出在静态构造函数中。

于 2016-10-19T15:46:22.460 回答